| NGC 3509 | |
|---|---|
 SDSS image of NGC 3509 | |
| Observation data (J2000epoch) | |
| Constellation | Leo |
| Right ascension | 11h 04m 23.554s |
| Declination | +04d 49m 43.03s |
| Redshift | 0.025594 |
| Heliocentric radial velocity | 7,673 km/s |
| Distance | 340Mly (104.2Mpc) |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 13.53 |
| Characteristics | |
| Type | SA(s)bc pec, SBbc |
| Size | 215,000 ly |
| Notable features | interacting galaxy with atidal tail feature |
| Other designations | |
| PGC 33446,UGC 6134, VV 075,CGCG 038-109,MCG +01-28-033,ARP 335,IRAS 11018+0505, KPG 265,2MASX J11042356+0449428,SDSS J110423.55+044943.0, LDCE 0775 NED02,NVSS J110423+044941, AKARI J1104240+044950,LEDA 33446 | |
NGC 3509 known asArp 335, is abarred spiral galaxy[1] located in the constellationLeo.[2][3] It is located 340 millionlight-years from theSolar System.[4][5] NGC 3509 was discovered by astronomerWilliam Herschel on December 30, 1786.[6]
NGC 3509 is a large galaxy. With adiameter of 215,000 light-years, it is much bigger than theMilky Way, which only has a diameter of at least 100,000 light-years.[4] Itsluminosity class is II-III and it has a broadHII region.[4]
Additionally, NGC 3509 is apeculiar galaxy showing an interesting detail.[7] It has a sweepingtidal tail feature, which seems to offer hints ofevolution[8] and makes the galaxy resemble atadpole.[9] According to a sketch drew by Toomre, a large tail of NGC 3509 is seen curved towards northwest while the shorter one extends southwest. Later investigations proved him wrong as it is actually a bright ridge of the galaxy's disk structure.[10]
NGC 3509 has a single undisturbednucleus which is surrounded bydust lanes.[8] This means it has not undergone a major disk-to-diskmerger and instead had a minor merger with a smaller satellitegalaxy.[8] As the galaxy interaction between NGC 3509 and the galaxy occurs, certainstarbursts are triggered[11] in regions along its spiral arms which causes it to actively create newstars.[12] It is also evident, NGC 3509 contain signs of neutralhydrogen.[13]
Another study proves that agalactic halo is growing in NGC 3509 throughaccretion of smaller galaxies, in which they leave a spur behind as they aretidally disrupted by their host galaxy.[14]
NGC 3509 is designated as Arp 335 in theAtlas of Peculiar Galaxies byHalton Arp,[15] in which it is placed into the Miscellaneous category,M82 being the well-known galaxy in this classification.[16]
Onesupernova has been discovered in NGC 3509: SN 2010bi.
SN 2010bi[17] was discovered on March 24, 2010, by G. Piginata and M. Cifuentes along with otherastronomers fromUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill on the behalf of the CHASE project (CHilean Automatic Supernova sEarch).[18] SN 2010bi was found via an unfiltered image taken using the 0.41-m 'PROMPT 5'telescope located atCerro Tololo.[18] It was located 28".4 east and 34".6 north of the nucleus.[19] The supernova wasType IIP[17] in which its progenitor might be a 8-16 solar massred supergiant.[20]
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