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Mstislav Mstislavich, also calledthe Daring,the Bold orthe Able[a][1][2] (diedc. 1228), was aprince ofTmutarakan andChernigov,[3] one of the princes fromKievan Rus' in the decades preceding theMongol invasions.
Mstislav Mstislavich was the son ofMstislav Rostislavich ("the Brave") ofSmolensk by a princess ofRyazan; his grandfather wasRostislav I of Kiev. In 1193 and 1203, Mstislav was commended for his bravery in theKipchak wars, bringing him fame all over Kievan Rus'. At that time, he married Maria, a daughter of the KipchakKhanKotyan. In 1209, he was mentioned as a ruler ofToropets. A year later, he came and took theNovgorodian throne, seizingSviatoslav Vsevolodovich's men (Sviatoslav himself was detained in the archbishop's compound in Novgorod).[4]
On his way to Novgorod, Mstislav delivered the key town ofTorzhok from a siege laid to it byVsevolod III ofVladimir. He led two successful Novgorodian campaigns against theChudes in 1212 and 1214. In 1215, he expelledVsevolod IV fromKiev and elevated his uncleMstislav Romanovich to the throne.[5]
In 1216, Mstislav mustered a large coalition of princes of Rus' which defeatedVladimir-Suzdal in theBattle of Lipitsa. After that, he installed his allyKonstantin of Rostov asGrand Prince of Vladimir and married his own daughter toYaroslav of Suzdal, who had fortified himself in Torzhok. In the meantime, his other enemies had him deposed in Novgorod, and Mstislav had to abandon northern Rus' forGalicia. In 1219, he concluded peace with his chief rival,Daniel of Galicia, who thereupon married Mstislav's daughter Anna.[6]
In 1223, Mstislav joined a coalition of perhaps 18 princes, which, along withCuman (Polovtsian) allies, pursued theMongols from theDnieper River for nine days andjoined battle with them at the Kalka River. While three princes were captured and later killed at the battle site, and six more were killed in headlong pursuit back to the Dnieper River, Mstislav is the only prince specifically named among the nine or so who escaped. He managed to escape by cutting loose the boats on the Dnieper River so he could not be pursued.[7]
During the interventions carried out by Leszek the White in theKingdom of Galicia-Volhynia he took part in the Polish-Hungarian-Ruthenian War of 1219—1221, but suffered defeat in the Polish-Ruthenian War (1224), whereLeszek the White's forces defeated him in battle.[8]
Mstislav reigned in Galicia until 1227, whenboyar intrigues constrained him to leave the city to his son-in-law,Andrew of Hungary. Thereupon he retired toTorchesk, where he died in 1228.[citation needed]
He was the maternal grandfather of PrinceAlexander Nevsky,Prince of Novgorod,Grand Prince of Kiev andGrand Prince of Vladimir. He also was the maternal grandfather of princeLeo I of Galicia, who becameGrand Prince of Kiev.
He married a daughter of Kotyan and had issue:
Mstislav Mstislavich Born: ? Died: 1228 | ||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Prince of Novgorod 1210–1215 | Succeeded by |
| Unknown | Prince of Halych 1219–1227 | Succeeded by |
| Unknown | Prince of Torchesk 1227–1228 | Unknown |
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
