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Amonochrome[1] ormonochromatic image, object orpalette is composed of one color (orvalues of one color).[2] Images using onlyshades of grey are calledgrayscale (typically digital) orblack-and-white (typically analog). In physics,monochromatic light refers toelectromagnetic radiation that contains a narrow band of wavelengths, which is a distinct concept.
Of animage, the term monochrome is usually taken to mean the same as black and white or, more likely,grayscale, but may also be used to refer to other combinations containing only tones of a single color, such asgreen-and-white or green-and-red. It may also refer tosepia displaying tones from light tan to dark brown orcyanotype ("blueprint") images, and early photographic methods such asdaguerreotypes,ambrotypes, andtintypes, each of which may be used to produce a monochromatic image.
In computing, monochrome has two meanings:
Amonochrome computer display is able to display only a single color, often green,amber, red or white, and often also shades of that color.
In film photography, monochrome is typically the use of black-and-whitefilm. Originally, all photography was donein monochrome. Althoughcolor photography was possible even in the late 19th century, easily used color films, such asKodachrome, were not available until the mid-1930s.
Indigital photography, monochrome is the capture of only shades of black by the sensor, or by post-processing a color image to present only the perceived brightness by combining the values of multiple channels (usually red, blue, and green). The weighting of individual channels may be selected to achieve a desired artistic effect; if only the red channel is selected by the weighting then the effect will be similar to that of using a red filter onpanchromatic film. If the red channel is eliminated and the green and blue combined then the effect will be similar to that oforthochromatic film or the use of a cyan filter on panchromatic film. The selection of weighting so provides a wide variety of artistic expression in the final monochrome image.
For production of ananaglyph image the original colorstereogram source may first be reduced to monochrome in order to simplify the rendering of the image. This is sometimes required in cases where a color image would render in a confusing manner given the colors and patterns present in the source image and the selection filters used (typicallyred and itscomplement,cyan).[3]
A monochromatic color scheme comprises (tones, tints, and shades) of a singlehue. Tints are achieved by adding white, thereby increasinglightness; Shades are achieved by adding black, thereby decreasing lightness; Tones are achieved by adding gray, thereby decreasingcolorfulness.
Monochromatic color schemes provide opportunities in art and visual communications design as they allow for a greater range of contrasting tones that can be used to attract attention, create focus and support legibility.
The use of a monochromatic color provides a strong sense of visual cohesion and can help support communication objectives through the use of connotative color. The relative absence of hue contrast can be offset by variations in tone and the addition of texture.[4]
Monochromatic in science means consisting of a single wavelength of light or other radiation (lasers, for example, usually produce monochromatic light), or having or appearing to have only one color (in comparison to polychromatic). That means according to science the true monochromatic images can be strictly created only of shades of one color fading to black.[5]
However, monochromatic also has another meaning similar to “boring” or “colorless” which sometimes leads to creating a design composed from true monochromatic color shades (one hue fading to black), and the colors created from the one hue but faded to all wavelengths (to white). This is not monochromatic in the strictly scientific meaning of the word. In fact, monochrome in the art world can be as complicated or even more complicated than other polychromatic art.[6]
In physics,monochromatic light iselectromagnetic radiation of a singlewavelength. While no source of electromagnetic radiation is purely monochromatic, in practice, it is usually used to describe very narrowband sources such asmonochromated orlaser light. The degree of monochromaticity can be defined by thespectral linewidth). A device which isolates a narrow band of light from a broadband source is called amonochromator.
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