 Monica Mk III Indicator Unit | |
| Country of origin | the United Kingdom |
|---|---|
| Introduced | June 1942[1] |
Monica was a range-onlytail warning radar forbombers, introduced by theRAF in June 1942.[2] Officially known asARI 5664,[3] it operated atfrequencies of around 300MHz (on the boundary betweenVHF andUHF). The system was also used by theUS Army Air Forces, under the nameAN/APS-13, and the nicknameArchie.
Monica was developed at theBomber Support Development Unit (BSDU) inWorcestershire.[citation needed] After theLuftwaffe became aware of Monica from a crashed bomber, German scientists developed a passive radarreceiver, namedFlensburg (FuG 227). From early 1944, FuG 227 was used bynightfighter crews to home in on Allied bombers using Monica.[4] However, on the morning of 13 July 1944, a 7.Staffel/NJG 2-flownJunkers Ju 88 G-1 nightfighter equipped with Flensburg mistakenly landed atRAF Woodbridge. After examining the Flensburg equipment, the RAF ordered Monica withdrawn from allBomber Command aircraft.[5]An AN/APS-13 was used as aradar altimeter during theAtomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the509th Composite Group, USAAF.
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