Establishment of State Shinto Shrines
1878 engraving byYōshū Chikanobu (1838–1912). The figures represented in these three panels are: *Centre: Front .Emperor Meiji in a Western chair with his wife,Empress Shōken , seated in the foreground. The Imperial couple are accompanied behind and in the flanking panels with an array of Shintokami Rear . Thekami Izanami ,Kunitokotatchi andIzanagi . *Right: Front .Emperor Kōmei (seated in foreground),Empress Go-Sakuramachi (here presented as a man with a false goatee), andEmperor Jinmu (carrying a rough bow and perched eagle.Rear . Thekami Amaterasu (standing and holding thethree Sacred Treasures of Japan ) andNinigi-no-Mikoto (who first brought to earth the Imperial regalia—the sword,Kusanagi , the mirror,Yata no Kagami , and the jewel,Yasakani no magatama ). *Left: Front :Emperor Go-Momozono (clothed in red),Emperor Kōkaku (clothed in black) andEmperor Ninkō (clothed in green).Rear . Thekami Hiko-hohodemi (clothed in white) andUgayafukiaezu (clothed in yellow). Themodern system of ranked Shinto shrines (近代社格制度 Kindai Shakaku Seido shakaku (社格 ) was an organizational aspect of the establishment ofJapanese State Shinto . This system classifiedShinto shrines as either official government shrines or "other" shrines. The official shrines were divided into
Imperial shrines (kampeisha ), which are parsed into minor, medium, or major sub-categories; and National shrines (kokuheisha ), which are similarly categorized as minor, medium, or major.[ 1] Some shrines are the "first shrines" calledichinomiya provinces of Japan .
TheIse Grand Shrine stood at the top of all shrines and thus was outside the classification.[ 2] [ 3]
All listed shrines on this page with the exception ofIse Grand Shrine areBeppyo shrines .
On the fourteenth day of the fifth month of 1871, by decree of theDajō-kan , the fundamental elements of the modern shrine system were established: a hierarchic ranking of Shinto shrines, with specification of the grades of priest who could officiate at the various levels of shrine.[ 4] State Shinto " by the OccupationShinto Directive . TheJinja Honcho currently has a slightly differentList of Special Shrines (別表神社,beppyo jinja ).
Kashima Jingu andKatori Jingu were considered the two shrines directly below Ise Jingu.
TheKan-sha (官社 or "official government shrines" had two subdivisions,Kanpei-sha or "government shrines" andKokuhei-sha or "national shrines".[ 4]
For future tables, red cells denote shrines in theJapanese colonial empire .
In 1871, the Japanese government established the Kanpei-sha (官幣社) system to classify Shinto shrines based on their level of association with the imperial family. The highest category included shrines that venerated the imperial family members, emperors, or meritorious retainers of the Imperial family. These shrines were considered to be the most closely associated with the imperial family and received government support.[ 1]
[ edit ] The Kanpei-taisha were the most highly ranked shrines in Japan that were officially designated by the government. There were 67 shrines that held this status, which were closely associated with the imperial family. These shrines were considered to be of great historical and cultural significance, and were often visited by members of the imperial family as well as the general public.[ 5]
name location Category notes Katori jingu [ 6] Katori, Chiba Myojin Taisha,Chokusaisha ichinomiya ofShimōsa Province [ 7] Ise Grand Shrine ,Futsunushi Kashima Jingū [ 8] Kashima, Ibaraki Myojin Taisha,Chokusaisha ichinomiya ofHitachi Province [ 7] Ise Grand Shrine ,Takemikazuchi Iwashimizu Hachimangū [ 5] Yawata Kokushi genzaisha ,Chokusaisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Upper Seven; Homuda-wakeno-mikoto (Emperor Ōjin ); Okinaga-tarashi-hime-no-mikoto (Empress Jingū ), Kamigamo Shrine [ 5] Kita-ku, Kyoto Myojin Taisha ,Chokusaisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Upper Seven, combined withShimogamo Shrine ;Wake-ikazuchi-no-kami ;ichinomiya ofYamashiro Province [ 7] Shimogamo Shrine [ 5] Sakyō-ku, Kyoto Myojin Taisha,Chokusaisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Upper Seven, combined withKamigamo Shrine ;Tamayori-hime-no-mikoto ;Kamo Taeketsunumi-no-mikoto ;ichinomiya of Yamashiro Province[ 7] Kasuga-taisha [ 9] Nara Myojin Taisha,Chokusaisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Upper Seven,Takemikazuchi ,Futsunushi ,Ame no Koyane ,Himegami Matsunoo Taisha [ 5] Ukyō-ku, Kyoto Myojin Taisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Upper Seven;Oyamakui-no-mikoto ;Nakatsushima-hime-no-mikoto ,Tsukuyomi-no-Mikoto Hirano Shrine [ 5] Kita-ku, Kyoto Myojin Taisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Upper Seven; Imaki-no-kami , Kudo-no-kami ; Furuaki-no-kami ,Himegami Fushimi Inari-taisha [ 5] Fushimi-ku, Kyoto Myojin Taisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Upper Seven;Inari Ōkami ,Ukanomitama Tatsuta Taisha [ 5] Sangō, Nara Myojin Taisha,Chokusaisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Middle Seven,Shinatsuhiko Ōmiwa Shrine [ 5] Sakurai, Nara Myojin Taisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Middle Seven;ichinomiya ofYamato Province [ 7] Ōmononushi Ōnamuchi Sukunahikona-no-kami Mount Miwa
Isonokami Shrine [ 10] Tenri, Nara Myojin Taisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Middle Seven,Futsu-no-mitama [ja ] Ōyamato Shrine [ 5] Tenri, Nara Myojin Taisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Middle Seven,Yamato Okunitama Hirose Taisha [ 5] Kawai, Nara Myojin Taisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Middle Seven Sumiyoshi-taisha [ 8] Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka Myojin Taisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Middle Seven;ichinomiya ofSettsu Province ,[ 7] Sumiyoshi sanjin ,Empress Jingū Hiyoshi Taisha [ 5] Ōtsu Myojin Taisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Lower Eight, Ninomiya,Ōkuninushi ,Oyamakui no Kami Hirota Shrine [ 8] Nishinomiya Myojin Taisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Lower Eight,Amaterasu Yasaka Shrine [ 11] Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto Kokushi genzaisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Lower Eight,Susanoo-no-Mikoto (Gion cult ,Yashimajinumi Niukawakami Shrine [ 5] Higashiyoshino, Nara Myojin Taisha one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Lower Eight Itsukushima Shrine [ 11] Hatsukaichi Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofAki Province [ 12] Twenty-Two Shrines ,Ichikishimahime [ja ] ,Tagitsuhime [ja ] ,Takiribime [ja ] Izumo-taisha [ 8] Izumo, Shimane Myojin Taisha,Chokusaisha ichinomiya ofIzumo Province [ 13] Izumo-taishakyo , sometimes seen as a rival toIse Grand Shrine ,Susanoo-no-Mikoto Hikawa Shrine [ 14] Saitama Myojin Taisha,Chokusaisha ichinomiya ofMusashi Province [ 7] Susanoo Kushinadahime Ōkuninushi Ashinazuchi Tenazuchi
Usa Jingū [ 8] Usa, Ōita Myojin Taisha,Chokusaisha ichinomiya ofBuzen Province [ 12] Hachiman Kashii-gū [ 8] Higashi-ku, Fukuoka Kokushi genzaisha ,Chokusaisha Emperor Chuai ,Empress Jingu Kashihara Jingu [ 8] Kashihara, Nara Chokusaisha Emperor Jimmu ,Himetataraisuzu-hime Heian Jingu [ 8] Sakyō-ku, Kyoto Chokusaisha Meiji Jingu [ 15] Shibuya, Tokyo Chokusaisha Emperor Meiji Empress Shoken
Omi Jingū [ 11] Ōtsu Chokusaisha Emperor Tenji Awa Shrine [ 8] Tateyama, Chiba Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofAwa Province [ 7] Ame-no-Futodama Aso Shrine [ 11] Aso, Kumamoto Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofHigo Province [ 12] Takeiwatatsu-no-Mikoto [ja ] Atsuta Jingu [ 16] Atsuta-ku, Nagoya Myojin Taisha Atsuta no Ōkami Amaterasu
Susanoo
Yamatotakeru
Miyazu-hime
Takeinadane [ja ]
Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha [ 8] [ 17] Fujinomiya, Shizuoka [ 18] Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofSuruga Province ,[ 7] Konohanasakuya-hime Gassan Shrine Tsuruoka Myojin Taisha one of theThree Mountains of Dewa ;Tsukuyomi-no-Mikoto Hakozaki Shrine [ 11] Higashi-ku, Fukuoka Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofChikuzen Province [ 12] Emperor Ōjin Empress Jingū Tamayori-hime
Hinokuma Jingu [ 8] Wakayama Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofKii Province ,[ 12] Kunikakasu Shrine ;Hie Shrine [ 14] Chiyoda, Tokyo Oyamakui no Kami Hiraoka Shrine [ 5] Higashiōsaka Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofKawachi Province [ 7] Ame-no-Koyane ,Hime-gami ,Futsunushi ,Takemikazuchi Hokkaidō Jingū [ 19] Sapporo ichinomiya ofEzo Province [ 20] Ōkunitama ,Ōkuninushi , andSukunahikona ,Ikukunitama Shrine [ 8] Tennōji-ku, Osaka Myojin Taisha Izanagi Jingu [ 8] Awaji, Hyōgo Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofAwaji Province [ 12] Izanagi ,Izanami Kehi Jingu [ 8] Tsuruga, Fukui Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofEchizen Province [ 13] Kagoshima Jingū [ 8] Kirishima, Kagoshima Shikinai Taisha ichinomiya ofŌsumi Province [ 12] Hoori Toyotama-hime Emperor Chūai Emperor Ōjin Empress Jingū
Kamayama Shrine [ 11] Wakayama Itsuse no Mikoto (彦五瀬命 Kirishima Jingū [ 11] Kirishima, Kagoshima Konohanasakuya-hime Hoori Toyotama-hime Ugayafukiaezu Tamayori-bime Ninigi-no-Mikoto
Kumano Hongū Taisha Tanabe, Wakayama Myojin Taisha Kumano Hayatama Taisha Shingū, Wakayama Shikinai Taisha Kunikakasu Shrine [ 8] Wakayama Myojin Taisha ichinomiya of Kii Province;[ 12] Hinokuma Shrine ;Mishima Taisha [ 8] Mishima, Shizuoka Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofIzu Province ,[ 7] Ōyamatsumi Miyazaki Jingū [ 8] Miyazaki Emperor Jimmu Ugayafukiaezu Tamayori-bime
Munakata Taisha [ 8] Munakata, Fukuoka Myojin Taisha Ichikishimahime [ja ] ,Tagitsuhime [ja ] ,Takiribime [ja ] Niutsuhime Shrine Katsuragi, Wakayama Myojin Taisha Niutsuhime-no-Ōkami Kōyamiko-no-Ōkami Ōgetsuhime-no-kami Ichikishimahime-no-Ōkami
Ōtori taisha [ 8] Sakai Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofIzumi Province [ 7] Ōtori-no-muraji andYamato Takeru Suwa-taisha [ 11] Suwa, Nagano Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofShinano Province [ 13] Takeminakata Yasakatome Kotoshironushi
Takebe taisha [ 8] Ōtsu [ 21] Myojin Taisha Yamato-takeru-no-mitoko ;ichinomiya ofŌmi Province [ 7] Taga-taisha [ 11] Taga, Shiga SannomiyaIzanagi ,Izanami Udo Jingū [ 8] Nichinan, Miyazaki Ugayafukiaezu Amaterasu Ame-no-oshihomimi Ninigi-no-Mikoto Hoori Emperor Jimmu
Yoshino Jingu [ 22] Yoshino, Nara Emperor Go-Daigo Taiwan Grand Shrine [ 11] Taipei ,Taiwan now extinct Karafuto Shrine [ 11] Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk ,Karafuto Prefecture ,Russia removed from Sakhalin Chōsen Jingu [ 11] Seoul ,Korea under Japanese rule now extinctKunitama Okami Amaterasu Okami
Fuyo Jingū Buyeo County ,Korea never completed[ 23] Emperor Ōjin (Hachiman ),Empress Kōgyoku ,Emperor Tenji ,Empress Jingū
Kantō Jingu Lüshunkou District ,Kwantung Leased Territory ,China now extinctEmperor Meiji Amaterasu Omikami
Nan'yō Shrine [ 24] Koror ,Palau Amaterasu Ōmikami . holy relics andkami were evacuated by submarine in 1944[ 25]
[ edit ] The mid-range of ranked Imperial shrines orKanpei Chūsha (官幣中社) included 23 sanctuaries. These shrines were considered to be of intermediate rank among the government-supported shrines and were given lesser financial support compared to the Kanpei-taisha.[ 8]
name location category notes Ōharano Shrine .[ 11] Nishikyō-ku, Kyoto .[ 11] Kokushi genzaisha Take-mikazuchi-no-mitoko ,Futsunushi Ame-no-Koyane ,Himegami , one of theTwenty-Two Shrines Kifune Shrine .[ 11] Sakyō-ku, Kyoto Myojin Taisha Kuraokami-no-kami , one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Lower Eight Kitano Tenmangū .[ 11] Kamigyō-ku, Kyoto Kokushi genzaisha Sugawara no Michizane , one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Lower Eight Umenomiya Taisha .[ 11] Ukyō-ku, Kyoto [ 26] Myojin Taisha Sakatoke-no-kami , Ōwakako-no-kami , Satatokeko-no-kami, one of theTwenty-Two Shrines , Lower Eight; Yoshida Shrine .[ 11] Sakyō-ku, Kyoto Shikigeisha [ja ;simple ] Twenty-Two Shrines Take-mikazuchi-no-mitoko ,Futsunushi Ame-no-Koyane ,Himegami ,[ 27] Akama Jingu [ 11] Shimonoseki Emperor Antoku ; n.b., raised tokanpei-taisha in 1940Dazaifu Tenmangū .[ 28] Dazaifu, Fukuoka Sugawara no Michizane Hikosan Jingū .[ 28] Soeda ,Fukuoka Prefecture Amenooshihomimi Izanagi Izanami-no-Mikoto
Iinoya-gū [ 11] Hamana-ku, Hamamatsu [ 29] Munenaga -shinnō Ikasuri Shrine Chūō-ku, Osaka Shikinai Taisha ichinomiya ofSettsu Province [ 7] Zamagami Ikuta Shrine [ 28] Chūō-ku, Kobe Myojin Taisha Wakahiru-me Itakiso Shrine [ 28] Wakayama (city) [ 30] Myojin Taisha Isotakeru-no-kami [ja ] (五十猛神 Kamakura-gū [ 11] Kamakura [ 31] Morinaga-shinnō Kanasana Shrine Kodama District, Saitama Myojin Taisha Amaterasu ,Susanoo-no-Mikoto Kanegasaki-gū [ 28] Tsuruga, Fukui [ 32] Takanaga Shinnō ,Tsunenaga shinnō Kibitsu Shrine [ 28] Okayama Myojin Taisha Ōkibitsu-hiko-no-mikoto , son ofEmperor Kōrei ;ichinomiya ofBitchū Province [ 12] Kumano Nachi Taisha [ 28] Nachikatsuura [ 33] Kokushi genzaisha Ketsumiko, Kumano Hayatama-no-kami , Kumano Fusumi-no-kami Minase Shrine [ 34] Shimamoto, Osaka Emperor Go-Toba ,Emperor Tsuchimikado andEmperor Juntoku ; n.b., raised tokanpei-taisha in 1940Mikami Shrine [ 28] Yasu, Shiga [ 35] Myojin Taisha Ame-no-mikage-no-mikoto [ja ] Nagata Shrine .[ 28] Nagata-ku, Kobe [ 36] Myojin Taisha Kotohshironushi-no-mikoto Shiramine Jingū [ 34] Kamigyō-ku, Kyoto Emperor Junnin ; n.b., raised tokanpei-taisha in 1940Sumiyoshi Shrine [ 28] Shimonoseki [ 37] Myojin Taisha Sumiyoshi sanjin , thearamitama -hime-no- mitoko ;ichinomiya ofNagato Province [ 12] Yatsushiro-gū [ 11] Yatsushiro, Kumamoto [ 38] Prince Kaneyoshi Watatsumi Shrine .[ 28] Tarumi-ku, Kobe ,Harima Province Myojin Taisha Watatsumi Tainan Shrine .[ 28] Tainan ,Taiwan now extinct;Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa -no-mikoto
[ edit ] There were five shrines that were considered the lowest ranked among the Imperial shrines. They were calledKanpei-shōsha (官幣小社).[ 28]
name location Category notes Kamado Shrine .[ 28] Dazaifu, Fukuoka [ 39] Myojin Taisha Tamayori-bime Emperor Ōjin Empress Jingū
Naminoue Shrine .[ 28] Naha ,Okinawa [ 40] Izanami ,Hayatama ,Kotosaka ;ichinomiya ofRyukyu Islands [ 41] Ōkunitama Shrine .[ 28] Fuchū, Tokyo [ 42] Ōkuninushi Okunitama
Shikaumi Shrine .[ 28] Higashi-ku, Fukuoka [ 43] Myojin Taisha Uwatsutsunoo-no-mikoto, Kakatsutsunoo-no-mitoko , Sokotsutsunoo-no-mikoto, Sumiyoshi Shrine .[ 28] Hakata-ku, Fukuoka [ 44] Myojin Taisha Uwatsutsunoo-no-mikoto, Kakatsutsunoo-no-mitoko , Sokotsutsunoo-no-mikoto ;ichinomiya ofChikuzen Province [ 12]
Other Imperial shrines [ edit ] After the establishment of the officially ranked Imperial shrines, another group of special shrines known as Bekkaku kanpeisha (別格官幣社) was created. These shrines were not included in the ranking system of the Imperial shrines, but were still imperial.[ 45]
name location Category notes Yasukuni Shrine Chiyoda, Tokyo Chokusaisha Gokoku Shrines are categorized separately but considered branches of this shrine[ 46] Abeno Shrine Abeno-ku, Osaka Fujishima Shrine Fukui (city) Fukui Shrine [ja ;simple ] Fukui (city) Goō Shrine Kamigyō-ku, Kyoto Karasawayama Shrine TochigiSano, Tochigi Kenkun Shrine Kita-ku, Kyoto Kikuchi Shrine Kikuchi, Kumamoto Kitabatake Shrine Tsu, Mie Komikado Shrine Narita, Chiba Kunōzan Tōshō-gū Suruga-ku, Shizuoka Minatogawa Shrine Chūō-ku, Kobe ,Kobe , JapanNashinoki Shrine [ja ;simple ] Kamigyō-ku, Kyoto Nawa Shrine Saihaku District, Tottori Daisen, Tottori Nikkō Tōshō-gū Nikkō Oyama Shrine Kanazawa Ryōzen Shrine Date, Fukushima Saga Shrine [ja ;simple ] Saga (city) Shijōnawate Shrine Shijōnawate Tanzan Shrine Sakurai, Nara Toyokuni Shrine (Kyoto) Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto ,Kyoto ,Kyoto Prefecture Toyosaka Shrine [ja ;simple ] Yamaguchi (city) Noda Shrine [ja ;simple ] Yamaguchi (city) Terukuni shrine Kagoshima Tokiwa shrine Mito, Ibaraki Uesugi Shrine Yonezawa, Yamagata Yamauchi Shrine [ja ;simple ] Kōchi Prefecture Kōchi, Kōchi Yūki Shrine Tsu, Mie
TheKokuhei-sha (国幣社 identified the hierarchy of government-supported shrines with national significance. Thekokuheisha enshrinedkami considered beneficial to more local areas.[ 1]
[ edit ] The most highly ranked, nationally significant shrines orKokuhei Taisha (国幣大社 were six sanctuaries.
[ edit ] The mid-range of ranked, nationally significant shrines orKokuhei Chūsha (国幣中社 encompassed 47 sanctuaries.
name location Category notes Aekuni Shrine Ueno, Iga ichinomiya ofIga Province [ 7] Ani Shrine Okayama, Okayama Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofBizen Province [ 12] Chōkaisan Ōmonoimi Shrine Yuza, Yamagata Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofDewa Province ;Chinzei Taisha Suwa Shrine Nagasaki, Nagasaki Hakodate Hachiman Shrine Hakodate, Hokkaidō Hayatani Shrine Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima Ninomiya Ichinomiya Nukisaki Shrine Tomioka, Gunma Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofKōzuke Province [ 13] Isasumi Shrine Aizumisato, Fukushima Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofIwashiro Province Ichinomiya Asama Shrine Fuefuki, Yamanashi Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofKai Province [ 7] Ikushimatarushima Shrine Ueda, Nagano Myojin Taisha Imizu Shrine Takaoka, Toyama Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofEtchū Province Izumo daijingu Kameoka, Kyoto Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofTanba Province [ 13] Izushi Shrine Toyooka, Hyōgo Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofTajima Province [ 13] Iwa Shrine Shisō, Hyōgo eMyojin Taisha ichinomiya ofHarima Province [ 12] Isono Shrine Saijō, Ehime Myojin Taisha Inbe Shrine Tokushima, Tokushima Myojin Taisha Kaijin Shrine Tsushima, Nagasaki Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofTsushima Province ;Kono Shrine Miyazu, Kyoto Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofTango Province [ 13] Kotohira-gu Kotohira, Kagawa Masumida Shrine Ichinomiya, Aichi Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofOwari Province [ 7] Mizuwakasu Shrine Okinoshima, Shimane Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofOki Province [ 13] Miho Shrine Matsue, Shimane Nakayama Shrine Tsuyama, Okayama Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofMimasaka Province [ 12] Nikkō Futarasan Shrine Nikkō, Tochigi Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofShimotsuke Province [ 13] Nitta Shrine Satsumasendai, Kagoshima ichinomiya ofSatsuma Province [ 12] Ōasahiko Shrine Naruto, Tokushima Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofAwa Province [ 12] Ōagata Shrine Inuyama, Aichi Myojin Taisha Ninomiya, Oarai Isosaki Shrine Ōarai, Ibaraki Myojin Taisha Shiogama Shrine Shiogama, Miyagi Shikigeisha [ja ;simple ] ichinomiya ofMutsu Province [ 13] Sakatsura Isosaki Shrine Hitachinaka, Ibaraki Myojin Taisha Sumiyoshi Shrine (Iki City) Iki, Nagasaki Myojin Taisha Samukawa Shrine Samukawa, Kanagawa Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofSagami Province [ 7] Shirayamahime Shrine Hakusan, Ishikawa ichinomiya ofKaga Province [ 13] Sasamuta Shrine Ōita, Ōita Shikinai Taisha ichinomiya ofBungo Province [ 12] Tsutsukowake Shrine Tanagura, Fukushima Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofMutsu Province [ 13] Tamanooya Shrine Hōfu, Yamaguchi ichinomiya ofSuō Province [ 12] Tamasaki Shrine Ichinomiya, Chiba Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofKazusa Province [ 7] Tamura Shrine Takamatsu, Kagawa Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofSanuki Province [ 12] Tashima Shrine Karatsu, Saga Myojin Taisha Tosa Shrine Kōchi, Kōchi Shikinai Taisha ichinomiya ofTosa Province [ 12] Tsurugaoka Hachimangū Kamakura, Kanagawa Utsunomiya Futarayama Shrine Utsunomiya, Tochigi Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofShimotsuke Province [ 13] Ube Shrine Tottori, Tottori Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofInaba Province [ 12] Wakasahiko Shrine Obama, Fukui Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofWakasa Province [ 13] Yahiko Shrine Yahiko, Niigata Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofEchigo Province [ 13]
[ edit ] The lowest ranked, nationally significant shrines orKokuhei Shōsha (国幣小社 includes 50 sanctuaries.
Name location category notes Chichibu Shrine Chichibu, Saitama Shinomiya Chiriku Hachiman Shrine Miyaki, Saga ichinomiya ofBuzen Province Dewa Shrine Tsuruoka, Yamagata one of theThree Mountains of Dewa Fujisaki-hachimangu Kumamoto, Kumamoto Hakone Shrine Hakone, Kanagawa Hinomisaki Shrine Izumo, Shimane Hirasaki Shrine Ibusuki, Kagoshima ichinomiya ofSatsuma Province [ 12] Hotaka Shrine Azumino, Nagano Myojin Taisha Iminomiya Shrine Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi Inaba Shrine Gifu, Gifu Iwakiyama Shrine Hirosaki, Aomori ichinomiya ofMutsu Province Izusan Shrine Atami, Shizuoka Kibitsuhiko Shrine Okayama, Okayama Myojin Taisha ichinomiya ofBizen Province [ 12] Kibitsu Shrine Fukuyama, Hiroshima ichinomiya ofBingo Province [ 12] Koshiō Shrine Akita, Akita Kokushi genzaisha Komagata Shrine Ōshū, Iwate ichinomiya ofRikuchū Province Minashi Shrine Takayama, Gifu ichinomiya ofHida Province [ 13] Mononobe Shrine Ōda, Shimane ichinomiya ofIwami Province [ 13] Nunakuma Shrine Fukuyama, Hiroshima Ōgamiyama Shrine Yonago, Tottori Oguni shrine [simple ] Mori, Shizuoka ichinomiya ofTōtōmi Province [ 7] Owari Ōkunitama Shrine Inazawa, Aichi Oyama Shrine Tateyama, Toyama ichinomiya ofEtchū Province [ 13] Sada Shrine Matsue, Shimane Shitori Shrine Yurihama, Tottori ichinomiya ofHōki Province [ 13] Shizuoka Sengen Shrine Aoi-ku, Shizuoka Susa Shrine Izumo, Shimane Sugo Ishibe Shrine [ja ;simple ] Kaga, Ishikawa Ninomiya Tsushima Shrine Tsushima, Aichi Tsurugi Shrine [ja ;simple ] Echizen, Fukui Ninomiya Togakushi Shrine Nagano, Nagano Takase Shrine Nanto, Toyama ichinomiya ofEtchū Province [ 13] Toga Shrine Toyokawa, Aichi ichinomiya ofMikawa Province [ 7] Tsuno Shrine Tsuno, Miyazaki ichinomiya ofHyūga Province [ 12] Watatsu Shrine Sado, Niigata ichinomiya ofSado Province [ 13] Yudonosan Shrine Tsuruoka, Yamagata one of theThree Mountains of Dewa Yusuhara Hachimangū Oita, Oita ichinomiya ofBungo Province [ 12] Heijō Shrine Pyongyang ,Korea extinct Kagi Shrine Chiayi ,Taiwan extinct Kankō Shrine [simple ] Hamhung ,Korea extinct Keijō Shrine Seoul ,Korea extinct Kōshū Shrine [simple ] Gwangju ,Korea extinct Kōgen Shrine [simple ] Chuncheon ,Korea extinct Ryūtōsan Shrine Busan ,Korea extinct Shinchiku Shrine [simple ] Hsinchu ,Taiwan extinct Taichu Shrine Taichung ,Taiwan extinct Taikyu Shrine [simple ] Daegu ,Korea extinct Zenshū Shrine [simple ] Jeonju ,Korea extinct
Gokoku shrines were ranked separately.[ a] Yasukuni Shrine .[ 46] Beppyo shrines .
name location Beppyo notes Yasukuni Shrine Tokyo formerly Traditional head shrine. Also ranked as aBekkaku Kanpeisha Miyagi Gokoku Shrine Sendai, Miyagi [] yes Akita Prefecture Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Akita (city) yes Yamagata Prefecture Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Yamagata yes Fukushima Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Fukushima (city) yes Ibaraki Prefectural Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Mito, Ibaraki yes Gunma Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Takasaki yes Chiba Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Chiba (city) Chūō-ku, Chiba yes Niigata Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Niigata (city) Chūō-ku, Niigata yes Toyama Gokoku Shrine Toyama (city) yes Ishikawa Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Kanazawa yes Fukui Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Fukui (city) yes Yamanashi Gokoku Shrine [ja ;de ;simple ] Kōfu yes Nagano Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Matsumoto, Nagano yes Gifu Gokoku Shrine Gifu yes Shizuokaken Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Aoi Ward ,Shizuoka (city) yes Aichi Gokoku Shrine Naka-ku, Nagoya yes Mie Prefecture Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Tsu, Mie yes Shiga Prefecture Gokoku Shrine [ja ;sv ;simple ] Hikone, Shiga yes Kyoto Ryozen Gokoku Shrine Higashiyama Ward ,Kyoto ,Kyoto Prefecture yes Osaka Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Suminoe-ku, Osaka yes Hyogo Himeji Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Himeji yes Hyogo Prefecture Kobe Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Nada-ku, Kobe yes Nara Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Nara (city) yes Matsue Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Matsue yes Hamada Gokoku Shrine Hamada, Shimane yes Okayama Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Naka-ku, Okayama yes Bingo Gokoku Shrine Fukuyama, Hiroshima yes Hiroshima Gokoku Shrine Naka-ku, Hiroshima yes Yamaguchi Prefecture Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Yamaguchi (city) yes Tokushima Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Tokushima (city) yes Ehime Prefecture Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Matsuyama yes Kochi Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Kōchi, Kōchi yes Fukuoka Prefecture Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Chūō-ku, Fukuoka yes Saga Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Saga (city) yes Nagasaki Gokoku Shrine Nagasaki yes Oita Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Ōita (city) yes Kagoshima Prefecture Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Kagoshima yes Miyazaki Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Miyazaki (city) yes Not a proper Gokoku Shrine but listed as equivalent due to having been finished after the war Kumamoto Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Kumamoto yes Not a proper Gokoku Shrine but listed as equivalent due to having been finished after the war Okinawa Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Okinawa Prefecture no Hida Gokoku Shrine Takayama ,Gifu Prefecture no Aomori Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Aomori no Wakayama Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Wakayama (city) no Meguro Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Meguro no Iki Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Iki, Nagasaki no Kagawa Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Zentsūji, Kagawa no Kawanami Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Kawaminami, Miyazaki no Saitama Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Saitama (city) no Sapporo Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Sapporo no Tanao Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Hekinan no Tochigi Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Tochigi (city) no Nōhi Gokoku Shrine Ōgaki ,Gifu Prefecture no Hakodate Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Hakodate no Matsumae Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Matsumae, Hokkaido no Taiwan Gokoku Shrine [ja ] Taiwan no
TheSho-sha (諸社 or various smaller shrines ranking below these two levels ofKan-sha ("official government shrines") are commonly, though unofficially, referred to as "people's shrines" orMin-sha (民社 . These lower-ranking shrines were initially subdivided by the proclamation of the fourteenth day of the fifth month of 1871 into four main ranks, "Metropolitan", "Clan" or "Domain", "Prefectural", and "District" shrines.[ 4] (郷社定則 Gōsha Teisoku of the fourth day of the seventh month of 1871, in accordance with which "Village shrines" ranked below their respective "District shrines", while the smaller local shrines orHokora ranked beneath the "Village shrines".[ 4]
Here is a non-exhaustive list of shrines under each categorization. This list only includes ones now listed asBeppyo shrines unless otherwise specified.
Metropolitan and Prefectural Shrines [ edit ] "Metropolitan shrines" were known asFu-sha (府社 .[ 4] Ken-sha (県社 .[ 4] Fuken-sha (府県社 .[ 4]
Name location Category notes Metropolitan Shrine (府社) Nogi Shrine (Tokyo) Minato, Tokyo － Kanda Shrine Chiyoda, Tokyo Tōgō Shrine Tokyo Shibuya － Ōmiya Hachiman Shrine (Tokyo) Suginami － Yushima Tenmangū Bunkyō Atago Shrine (Kyoto) Kyoto, Kyoto PrefectureUkyō-ku, Kyoto Shikinai Shosha Osaka Tenmangū Kita-ku, Osaka Kōzu-gū Chuo Ward, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Prefectural Shrine (県社) Sumiyoshi Shrine Otaru Kamikawa Shrine Asahikawa Obihiro Shrine Obihiro Tarumaezan Shrine Tomakomai Saruka Shrine Hirakawa, Aomori Shiwa Inari Shrine [ja ] Shiwa District, Iwate Shiwa, Iwate － Morioka Hachimangū Morioka － Kinkasan Shrine [ja ] Ishinomaki Shōsha Ronsha (小社論社) Takekoma Inari Shrine Iwanuma Taiheiyama Miyoshi Shrine [ja ] Akita (city) Akita Suwa Shrine [ja ] Senboku District, Akita Misato, Akita Kinpō Shrine Tsuruoka Kumano Shrine Nan'yō, Yamagata Ayukai Hachimangu [ja ] Nishiokitama District, Yamagata Shirataka － Yachi Hachimangu [ja ] Nishimurayama District, Yamagata Kahoku, Yamagata － Chōkai gassan ryōsho-gu [ja ;simple ] Yamagata － Sagae Hachimangu [ja ] Sagae － Tsukubasan Shrine Tsukuba Myojin Taisha (名神)・Shikinai Shosha Mito Tōshō-gū Mito, Ibaraki － Mitsumine Shrine [ja ] Chichibu, Saitama Hodosan Shrine [ja ] Nagatoro, Saitama Yakyu Inari Shrine [ja ] Higashimatsuyama, Saitama Hikawa Shrine (Kawagoe) Kawagoe, Saitama Washinomiya Shrine Kuki, Saitama Koma Shrine Hidaka, Saitama Enoshima Shrine Fujisawa, Kanagawa Iseyama Kotaijingu [ja ] Yokohama － Hiratsuka Hachimangu [ja ] Hiratsuka Hōtoku Ninomiya Shrine Odawara － Oyama Aburi Shrine [ja ] Isehara, Kanagawa Shikinai Shosha Hakusan Shrine [ja ] Niigata (city) Chūō-ku, Niigata Shōsha Ronsha (小社論社) Hie Shrine (Toyama) [ja ] Toyama city － Onominato Shrine [ja ] Kanazawa Shikinai Shosha Shinmei Shrine [ja ] Fukui (city) Kitaguchi Hongu Fuji Asama Shrine [ja ] Fujiyoshida Fuji Omuro Asama Shrine [ja ] Minamitsuru District, Yamanashi Fujikawaguchiko Takeda Shrine Kōfu － Fukashi Shrine [ja ] Matsumoto, Nagano Tenaga Shrine [ja ] Suwa, Nagano Takemizuwake Shrine [ja ] Chikuma, Nagano Myojin Taisha (名神) Nyakuichi Ouji Shrine [ja ] Ōmachi, Nagano Sakurayama Hachimangu [ja ] Takayama, Gifu Akihasan Hongū Akiha Shrine Tenryū Ward Shirahama Shrine [ja ] Shimoda, Shizuoka Myojin Taisha (名神) Yaizu Shrine Yaizu Oi Shrine [ja ] Shimada, Shizuoka Gosha Suwa Shrine [ja ;fr ;simple ] Chūō-ku, Hamamatsu Wakamiya Hachiman Shrine Naka Ward, Nagoya City Chiryu Shrine [ja ] Chiryū Shikinai Shosha Tsubaki Grand Shrine Suzuka, Mie Shōsha Ronsha (小社論社) Himure Hachiman-gū Ōmihachiman Nagahama Hachimangu [ja ] Nagahama, Shiga Nishinomiya Shrine Nishinomiya Itatehyōzu Shrine Himeji Shikinai Shosha Hiromine Shrine Himeji Kokushi genzaisha (国史)Oishi Shrine Akō, Hyōgo － Tada Shrine Kawanishi, Hyōgo － Isonozatakumushitama Shrine [ja ] Yamatotakada, Nara Taisha (大社) Tokei Shrine [ja ] Tanabe, Wakayama Hirahama Hachimangu [ja ] Matsue Yaegaki Shrine Matsue Shikinai Shosha Fukuyama Hachimangū Fukuyama, Hiroshima Kameyama Shrine [ja ] Kure, Hiroshima Hōfu Tenmangū Hōfu Kotozaki Hachimangu [ja ] Ube, Yamaguchi Kameyama Hachimangū Shimonoseki Ishizuchi Shrine [ja ] Saijō, Ehime Warei Shrine [ja ] Uwajima, Ehime Iyozu Hikomei Shrine [ja ] Matsuyama Myojin Taisha (名神) Ushioe Tenmangu shrine [ja ] Kōchi (city) Miyajidake Shrine Fukutsu, Fukuoka Kurume Suitengū Kurume City Kushida Shrine Hakata-ku, Fukuoka Furogu Shrine Ōkawa, Fukuoka Tobata Hachimangu [ja ] Kitakyushu Tobata-ku, Kitakyūshū Kosou Hachimangu [ja ] Moji-ku, Kitakyūshū Umi Hachiman-gū Kasuya District, Fukuoka Umi, Fukuoka Otomi Shrine [ja ] Buzen, Fukuoka Terumo Shrine Chūō-ku, Fukuoka Noso Hachimangu [ja ] Iizuka, Fukuoka Yūtoku Inari Shrine Kashima, Saga － Kameyama Hachimangu Shrine [ja ] Sasebo Aoi Aso Shrine Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto Hachiman Asami Shrine [ja ] Beppu Kasuga Shrine [ja ] Ōita (city) Kanhashira-gū [ja ;fr ] Miyakonojō Sano Shrine [ja ] Nishimorokata District, Miyazaki Takaharu, Miyazaki Susaki Shrine Awa Province Ichinomiya , Not aBeppyo shrine Rokusho Shrine [ja ] Soja Shrine , Not aBeppyo shrine Take Shrine Fuchu ,Aki District, Hiroshima Myojin Taisha (名神) Not aBeppyo shrine Unknown Tsubaki-Nakato Shrine Suzuka ,Mie Prefecture Ise Province Ichinomiya , Not aBeppyo shrine Kotonomama Hachiman-gū Kakegawa ,Shizuoka Prefecture Tōtōmi Province Ichinomiya , Not aBeppyo shrine Keta Jinja Takaoka ,Toyama Prefecture ichinomiya Etchū Province , Not aBeppyo shrine Kota Shrine Jōetsu ,Niigata Prefecture ichinomiya Echigo Province , Not aBeppyo shrine Amatsu Shrine Itoigawa, Niigata ichinomiya Echigo Province , Not aBeppyo shrine Awaga-jinja Asago inHyōgo Prefecture ichinomiya Tajima Province , Not aBeppyo shrine Ichinomiya Shrine Tokushima inTokushima Prefecture ,Japan ichinomiya Awa Province , Not aBeppyo shrine Yodohime Shrine [simple ] Saga ,Saga Prefecture Hizen Province ichinomiya , Not aBeppyo shrine Adachi Myokengu [ja ] Kitakyushu ,Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan Not aBeppyo shrine Awata Shrine [ja ] Kyoto, Japan Not aBeppyo shrine Izumi Inoue Shrine [ja ] Izumi Province, Japan Not aBeppyo shrine Kitaoka Shrine [sv ;ja ] Higo Province, Japan Not aBeppyo shrine Mizokui Shrine [ja ] Ibaraki ,Osaka Prefecture, Japan Not aBeppyo shrine Nanba Shrine [ja ;de ;fr ;simple ] Osaka Not aBeppyo shrine Nitta Shrine (Ōta) Not aBeppyo shrine Suga Shrine Unnan ,Shimane Prefecture, Japan Not aBeppyo shrine Sakurai Shrine (Sakai) Sakai ,Osaka Prefecture , JapanNot aBeppyo shrine Onji Shrine [ja ] Osaka Prefecture, Japan Myojin Taisha Not aBeppyo shrine Suda Hachiman Shrine Hashimoto ,Wakayama Prefecture, Japan Not aBeppyo shrine Hyōzu Shrine [ja ] Nishiwaki ,Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan Not aBeppyo shrine Konda Hachimangu [ja ] Habikino Not aBeppyo shrine Fujishiro-ōji [fr ] Kainan City ,Wakayama Prefecture, Japan Not aBeppyo shrine Ikoma Shrine Ikoma ,Nara Not aBeppyo shrine Yamato Okunitama Shrine [ja ;simple ] Minamiawaji ,Hyōgo Prefecture Not aBeppyo shrine ,Yamato Okunitama ,Awaji Province Ninomiya Koxinga Shrine Tainan ,Taiwan Was proposed to be the highest shrine in Taiwan[ 47] : 108
Clan or Domain shrines [ edit ] "Clan shrines" or "Domain shrines" were known asHan-sha (藩社 .[ 4] abolition of the han system , no shrines were ever placed in this category.[ 45]
"District shrines" were known asGō-sha (郷社 .[ 4]
Name location Category notes Hokutan Shrine [ja ] Shōnai, Yamagata － Osugi Shrine [ja ] Inashiki Igusa Hachimangu [ja ] Suginami － Inage Shrine [ja ] Kawasaki, Kanagawa Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki Fuji Yamashitamiya Komuro Asama Shrine [ja ] Fujiyoshida Fuji Rokusho Sengen Shrine [ja ] Fuji, Shizuoka Shikinai Shosha Imamiya Ebisu Shrine Naniwa-ku, Osaka Taikodani Inari Shrine [ja ] Kanoashi District, Shimane Tsuwano, Shimane Tsunomine Shrine [ja ] Anan, Tokushima Washio Atago Shrine [ja ] Nishi-ku, Fukuoka Tagata Shrine Not aBeppyo shrine Yatsurugi Shrine [simple ] Not aBeppyo shrine Ono Shrine Not aBeppyo shrine Musashi Province Ichinomiya
Ebetsu shrine Not aBeppyo shrine Hokumon Shrine Not aBeppyo shrine Kushihiki Hachimangū Not aBeppyo shrine Ōsasahara Shrine Not aBeppyo shrine Shirahigetawara Shrine Not aBeppyo shrine Torigoe Hachiman Shrine Not aBeppyo shrine Tosa Kokubun-ji Not aBeppyo shrine Katano Shrine [ja ] Not aBeppyo shrine Namba Yasaka Shrine [fr ;ja ] Not aBeppyo shrine Yagi Shrine [ja ] Kishiwada, Osaka Not aBeppyo shrine
"Village shrines" were known asSon-sha (村社 and ranked below their respective "District shrines", in accordance with the District Shrine Law of 4 July 1871.[ 4]
Name location Category notes Ōsaki Hachimangū Sendai Aoba-ku, Sendai Kasama Inari Shrine Kasama, Ibaraki Yohashira Shrine [ja ] Matsumoto, Nagano － Kinomiya Shrine [ja ] Atami Futami Okitama Shrine Ise, Mie Aga Shrine [ja ] Higashiōmi Hijiyama Shrine [ja ] Hiroshima Minami-ku, Hiroshima Wakamatsu Ebisu Shrine [ja ] Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyūshū Aoshima Shrine Miyazaki (city) Takachiho Shrine Nishiusuki District, Miyazaki Takachiho, Miyazaki Kokushi genzaisha (国史)Amanoiwato Shrine Takachiho Town, Nishiusuki District Amanotanagao Shrine [ja ;simple ] Iki ,Nagasaki Myojin Taisha (名神) Iki Province Ichinomiya , not aBeppyo shrine Araki Shrine Okinoshima, Shimane Sōja shrine , not aBeppyo shrine Hinumanai Shrine [ja ] Kyōtango ,Kyoto Prefecture not aBeppyo shrine Ichinomiya Sengen Shrine Ichikawamisato ,Nishiyatsushiro District inYamanashi Prefecture Myojin Taisha (名神) Kai Province Ichinomiya , not aBeppyo shrine Kamochi Shrine Hino ,Tottori Prefecture not aBeppyo shrine Nagakusa Tenjin Shrine Aichi Prefecture ,Obu City not aBeppyo shrine Togakushi Shrine not aBeppyo shrine Yurahime Shrine [ja ;simple ] Oki-gun , ShimaneMyojin Taisha (名神) Oki Province Ichinomiya , not aBeppyo shrine Kō Shrine [ja ] Iki Province Sōja shrine
Hokora or Ungraded shrines [ edit ] Small local shrines known asHokora (祠 are ranked beneath the village shrines, in accordance with the District Shrine Law of 4 July 1871.[ 4] Mukaku-sha (無格社 .[ 4]
New shrines were established and existing shrines promoted to higher ranks at various dates, but a 1903 snapshot of the 193,297 shrines in existence at that time saw the following:[ 4]
Kan-shaImperial shrines: 95 National shrines: 75 "Min-sha"Metropolitan and prefectural shrines: 571 District shrines: 3,476 Village shrines: 52,133 Ungraded shrines: 136,947 ^ Miyazaki Gokoku Shrine [ja ] andKumamoto Gokoku Shrine [ja ] were completed after World War II, when the war ended and the Ministry of Home Affairs was abolished, so they were not designated by the Minister of Home Affairs and are actually correctly designated as "equivalent to designated Gokoku-jinja Shrine".^a b c Institute for Japanese Culture and Classics, Kokugakuin University:Glossary of Shinto Names and Terms,Kampei Taisha. ^ Holtom, D.C. (2012-11-12) [First published 1965].The National Faith Of Japan. A Study in Modern Shinto ISBN 9781136165573 ^ Bocking, Brian (1997).A Popular Dictionary of Shinto ISBN 9780700710515 ^a b c d e f g h i j k l m Fridell, Wilbur M (1975)."The Establishment of Shrine Shinto in Meiji Japan" .Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 2 (2– 3).Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture :137– 168.doi :10.18874/jjrs.2.2-3.1975.137-168 ^a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Ponsonby-Fane, Richard . (1959).The Imperial House of Japan, p. 124.^ Chiba prefectural government:Chiba, Katori Shrine [permanent dead link ^a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v "Nationwide List of Ichinomiya," p. 1; retrieved 2013-1-28.^a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Ponsonby-Fane.Imperial, p. 125. ^ National Diet Library (NDL):Kanpei Taisha Kasuga Jinja ^ Nara National Museum:No. 31, Map of the Precincts of Kanpei Taisha Isonokami Shrine Archived 2011-07-19 at theWayback Machine ^a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Ponsonby-Fane.Imperial, p. 126. ^a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab "Nationwide List of Ichinomiya," p. 3; retrieved 2013-1-28.^a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w "Nationwide List of Ichinomiya," p. 2; retrieved 2013-1-28.^a b Sawada, Janine Anderson. (2004).Practical pursuits: religion, politics, and personal cultivation in nineteenth-century Japan, p. 312 n15. ^ Breen, Johnet al. (2000).Shinto in History: ways of the Kami, p. 276. ^ Encyclopedia of Shinto:Atsuta Shinkō ^ Bernstein, Andrew."Whose Fuji?: Religion, Region, and State in the Fight for a National Symbol," [permanent dead link Monumenta Nipponica, Vol. 63, No. 1, Spring 2008, pp. 51-99; Ponsonby-Fane, (1959).The Imperial House of Japan, p. 125. ^ Asama Shrine: Fujinomiya, Shizuoka = Ōmiya inSuruga province ^ Ponsonby-Fane, (1963).The Vicissitudes of Shinto, p. 328. ^ 北海道神宮 ... Hokkaido Jingu Shrine at Nippon-Kichi.jp ; retrieved 2012-1-29.^ Takebe Taisha: Ōtsu, Shiga = Seta inŌmi province ^ NDL:Kanpei Taisha Yoshino Jingu ^ Michio, Nakajima; 𠀓𤚇𡌕𰀇 (2010)."Shinto Deities that Crossed the Sea: Japan's "Overseas Shrines," 1868 to 1945" .Japanese Journal of Religious Studies .37 (1):21– 46.ISSN 0304-1042 . ^ Peattie , Mark R. (1988).Nanʻyō: the rise and fall of the Japanese in Micronesia, 1885-1945, pp. 225-229^ Peattie,p. 339 n61. ^ Umenomiya Shrine: Ukyō-ku, Kyoto = Umetsu inYamashiro province ^ "Japanese Shrines" .www.taleofgenji.org . Retrieved2023-04-10 .^a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Ponsonby-Fane.Imperial, p. 127. ^ Iinoya-gū:Hamana-ku, Hamamatsu = Iya inTōtōmi province . ^ Itakeso Shrine: Wakayama, Wakayama = Nishiyama Higashimura inKii province ; n.b.,Kii Province (紀伊国 Kii no Kuni ) =Kishū (紀州) ^ Kamakura-gū: Kamakura, Kanagawa = Kamakura inSagami province ^ Kanegazaki Shrine: Tsuruga, Fukui = Tsuruga inEchizen province ^ Kumano Nachi Taisha: Nachikatsuura, Wakayama = Nachi inKii province ; n.b.,Kii Province (紀伊国 Kii no Kuni ) =Kishū (紀州), was aprovince ofHonshū inWakayama Prefecture andMie Prefecture . ^a b Ponsonby-Fane.Imperial, p. 126; n.b., raised tokanpei-taisha in 1940 ^ Mikami Shrine: Yasu, Shiga = Mikamimura inŌmi province ^ Nagata Shrine: Nagata-ku, Kobe = Kobe inSettsu province . ^ Sumiyoshi Shrine: Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi = Katsuyama inNagato province ^ Yatsushiro Shrine: Yatsushiro, Kumamoto = Yatsushiro inHigo province ^ Kamado Shrine: Dazaifu, Fukuoka = Fukuoka inChikuzen province ^ Naminoe Shrine: Naha, Okinawa = Wakasa onOkinawa Island in theRyukyu Kingdom ^ Kerr, George H. (1953).Ryukyu Kingdom and Province before 1945, p. 203.^ Ōkunitama jinja at Fuchū, Tokyo = Fuchū inMusashi province ^ Shigaumi Shrine: Higashi-ku, Fukuoka = Fukuoka,Chikuzen province ^ Sumiyoshi Shrine: Hakata-ku, Fukuoka = Fukuoka inChikuzen province ^a b "Modern Shrine Ranking System" .Encyclopedia of Shinto .Kokugakuin University . Retrieved29 September 2019 .^a b TAKAYAMA, K. PETER (1990)."Enshrinement and Persistency of Japanese Religion" .Journal of Church and State .32 (3):527– 547.ISSN 0021-969X . ^ Shimizu, Karli; Rambelli, Fabio (2022-10-06).Overseas Shinto Shrines: Religion, Secularity and the Japanese Empire ISBN 978-1-350-23498-7
Buildings Architectonic elements Styles Decorations
Organizations Concepts Events Successor organizations Predecessors
