| Inland Gulf | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | New Guinea |
| Linguistic classification | Trans–New Guinea |
| Subdivisions | |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | inla1262 |
 Map: The Inland Gulf languages of New Guinea The Inland Gulf languages Other Trans–New Guinea languages Other Papuan languages Austronesian languages Uninhabited | |
TheInland Gulf languages are afamily ofTrans–New Guinea languages in the classifications ofStephen Wurm (1975) andMalcolm Ross (2005). The unity of the languages was established by K. Franklin in 1969. Although the family as a whole is clearly valid, Ipiko is quite distinct from the other languages.
Karami was once included, due to a large number of loanwords from Minanibai, but is best left unclassified for now.
Mahigi is also included by Pawley and Hammarström (2018).[2]
Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows:[3]
| *m | *n | ||
| *p | *t | *k | |
| *b | *d | *g | |
| *ɸ | *s | ||
| *w | [*ɾ] | *j | *ɣ̃ |
Vowels are *a *e *i *o *u.
The pronouns are:[3]
| sg | pl | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | *no | *ni |
| 2 | *ɣ̃o | *jo |
| 3m | *ete | *eti |
| 3f | *etu |
Inland Gulf reflexes ofproto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma:[2]