 | This articleusesbare URLs, which are uninformative and vulnerable tolink rot. Please consider converting them tofull citations to ensure the article remainsverifiable and maintains a consistent citation style.Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting, such asreFill (documentation) andCitation bot (documentation).(September 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
| Armed Forces of Montenegro | |
|---|---|
| Војска Црне Горе (Montenegrin) | |
 | |
.jpg) Flag of the Armed Forces of Montenegro | |
| Motto | Čojstvo i Junaštvo (cnr) Humanity and Bravery (en) |
| Founded | 1879 |
| Current form | 2006 |
| Service branches | |
| Headquarters | Podgorica |
| Website | www |
| Leadership | |
| Commander-in-chief |  Jakov Milatović |
| Minister of Defence | Dragan Krapović |
| Chief of the General Staff | Zoran Lazarević |
| Personnel | |
| Military age | 18 years of age |
| Conscription | No |
| Fit for military service | 184,159 males, age 15–49, 171,823 females, age 15–49 |
| Active personnel | 2,350[1] |
| Expenditure | |
| Budget | €134 million |
| Percent of GDP | 1.9% 2024 |
| Industry | |
| Domestic suppliers | TARA Aerospace and Defence Products AD |
| Foreign suppliers |  Israel Italy Czech Republic Turkey Serbia Bosnia and Herzegovina Romania United States Slovenia Spain[2] |
| Related articles | |
| History | Military history of Montenegro |
| Ranks | Military ranks of Montenegro |
TheArmed Forces of Montenegro (Montenegrin:Војска Црне Горе,romanized: Vojska Crne Gore) are the military forces ofMontenegro. The Armed Forces consists of anarmy,navy andair force.
The military currently maintains a force of 2,350 active duty members.[1] The bulk of its equipment and forces were inherited from theArmed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro; as Montenegro contained the entire coastline of the former union, it retained the entire naval force.[citation needed]
On 5 June 2017, Montenegro joinedNATO as the 29th member.
General Staff, inPodgorica[3]
1st Infantry Battalion, inDanilovgrad
Air Force, atPodgorica Airbase
Navy, inBar
Special Forces Company
Military Police Company
Honorary Guard Company
After military successes in the wars 1876–1878 during which thePrincipality of Montenegro was enlarged by a large territory, from theTara River in the north to theAdriatic Sea in the south (liberated townsPodgorica,Nikšić,Kolašin,Andrijevica,Bar andUlcinj), reorganization in Montenegrin army was conducted in 1880. Each kapetanija (municipality) formed its reserve battalion. There were 42 battalions in total. Since 1881, regular military exercises were conducted.
Supreme Commander of the Montenegrin army was the monarch,Prince / King Nikola I. Operational command, organization and financial support of the Montenegrin army was entrusted to the Ministry of Defence, the department of the Government of the Principality /Kingdom of Montenegro.
General Staff of the Montenegrin army was part of the Ministry of Defence.
In 1882 first 14 Montenegrins were sent to officer schools abroad, particularly in Italy and Russia. In 1886, 10 of them completed their education and they become first trained officers in Montenegrin warrior history. These Montenegrin officers held courses inPodgorica,Nikšić andCetinje.
In September 1895, the first permanent Infantry NCO school in Podgorica was opened, and the first NCOs got desečar rank.At the end of 1896, artillery officer school in Cetinje was established – the first Montenegrin officer school.
In 1906 Montenegrin army received the first systematized regulations, and the Law on Organization of the Army was adopted in 1910. Infantry and artillery, were established, followed by two specialized branches (reconnaissance and pioneering), and additional branches (medics, military workshop, the military court staff, gendarmerie and logistics).
In 1913 the Montenegrin gendarmerie became a special Military Police unit.
Since the establishment of the internal Montenegrin telecommunications system in 1869, vital for the flow of military-defence information, it was under the jurisdiction of Ministry of the military.
Until 1912, the territory of theKingdom of Montenegro was divided into four divisional areas:
After wars 1912th–1913th established additional two divisions field:
By 1912, the Montenegrin Army had 11 brigade areas, 52 districts and 322 battalion troop areas. Divisions were composed of 2–3 Infantry Brigade.
Each divisional command had three artillery batteries. On the eve of the First Balkan War Kingdom of Montenegro lined up 55,000 soldiers.
After the establishment of theKingdom of Montenegro in 1910, Montenegro was involved in three wars with the first one being theFirst Balkan War, in alliance withSerbia,Greece,Romania, andBulgaria against theOttoman Empire. TheSecond Balkan War was fought between Montenegro, Serbia, Greece, Romania and the Ottoman Empire against Bulgaria, with Bulgaria consequently losing significant territory in the north,Thrace, andMacedonia.
The Military of Montenegro before 1918, was much larger than today's military. During World War I, Montenegro mobilised 50,000 troops. The Commander-in-Chief wasKing Nikola I of Montenegro, while the General of Staff wasBožidar Janković. Units included:
The Pljevlja Division was commanded by BrigadierLuka Gojnić. The division was made up of 10 battalions. It had around 6,000 soldiers and patrolled the area east fromPljevlja.
The Herzegovina Detachment was commanded bySerdar (Count)Janko Vukotić. The detachment was made up of 15 battalions. It had around 15,000 soldiers, and patrolled the border withHerzegovina.
The Lovćen Detachment was commanded by divizijarMitar Martinović. The detachment was made up of 18 battalions. It had around 8,000 soldiers, and patrolled the areas ofLovćen andSutorman.
The 'Old Serbia' Detachment was commanded by BrigadierRadomir Vešović. The detachment was made up of 13 battalions. It had around 6,000 soldiers and secured the Albanian border.
Most soldiers of the Montenegrin army had no uniforms. At mobilization, the soldiers were issued with a rifle and a badge to put on the cap. Both soldiers and officers in the reserve worenational costume. The badges in the caps had different designs depending on the rank of the wearer.
All Montenegrins between 18 and 62 years were conscripts. Recruitment was done three times a year, and the recruits are in peacetime had to have at least 25 years.
Montenegro participates in peace operations under theNATO andUN auspices as military troops and observers. Minister of Defense said that 85 soldiers are trained for international missions.[4] Montenegrin soldiers are trained by the GermanBundeswehr.[5]
Montenegro sent 45 troops and medical personnel to theISAF mission in Afghanistan and later took part in theResolute Support Mission.[6][7]
Montenegro also participates in UN peacekeeping missions in Liberia,UNMIL, Cyprus,UNFICYP as military observers and Somalia,EU-NAVFOR.[8]
| Current Mission | Organization | Country | Nr. of personnel |
|---|---|---|---|
| NATO EFP | NATO | Latvia | Special forces team |
| KFOR | NATO | Kosovo | 2 Officers |
| UNMIL | UN | Liberia | Officers as military observers |
| UNFICYP | UN | Cyprus | Officers as military observers |
| MINURSO | UN | Western Sahara | Officers as military observers |
| EU-NAVFOR | EU | Somalia | 12 Members (APVD team)[9] |
| EUTM Mali | EU | Mali | Officers training |
| Weapon | Country manufactured | Cartridge | Quantity | Pictures | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pistols | ||||||||
| Glock 17[10] |  Austria | 9×19mm Parabellum | .jpg) | Standard gun of Montenegrin Military.[11] | ||||
| Zastava CZ99 | Serbia | 9×19mm Parabellum |  | Standard gun of Montenegrin Military | ||||
| Tara TM9 |  Montenegro | 9×19mm Parabellum | Currently in use. | |||||
| Submachine guns | ||||||||
| Heckler & Koch MP5 |  Germany | 9×19mm Parabellum |  | Used by Special Forces.[12][13] | ||||
| Tara TM-9 | Montenegro | 9×19mm Parabellum | Similar to theColt 9mm SMG, but with forward assist and Glock magazine compatibility.[14] | |||||
| Assault rifles | ||||||||
| Zastava M59/66 |  Yugoslavia | 7.62×39mm |  | Ceremonial rifle | ||||
| MPT-76 MPT-55 | Turkey | 7.62×51mm NATO 5.56×45mm NATO | 30 |  | 15 × rifles in NATO calibre 7.62×51mm and 15 × rifles in 5.56×45mm NATO ammunition according to a protocol signed by representatives of the Turkish and Montenegrin defence ministries in Ankara on 1 October 2019.[15] | |||
| Heckler & Koch G36 | Germany | 5.56×45mm NATO | 655 (as of 2015)[16] |  | Standard rifle of Montenegrin Military | |||
| Steyr AUG | Austria | 5.56×45mm NATO |  | Used by Special Forces | ||||
| Heckler & Koch HK416 | Germany | 5.56×45mm NATO |  | Used by Special Forces.[12][17] | ||||
| Tara TM4 | Montenegro | 5.56×45mm NATO | Standard issue rifle in the Montenegrin ground army | |||||
| Zastava M70/M70A | Yugoslavia Serbia | 7.62×39mm |  | In reserve | ||||
| Sniper rifles | ||||||||
| Heckler & Koch PSG1 | Germany | 7.62×51mm NATO |  | PSG 1 and MSG 90 in service.[18][19] | ||||
| Zastava M93 Black Arrow | Yugoslavia Serbia | 12.7×108mm |  | In service | ||||
| Zastava M76 | Yugoslavia Serbia | 7.92×57mm Mauser |  | In reserve | ||||
| Zastava M91 | Yugoslavia Serbia | 7.62×54mmR |  | In reserve | ||||
| Machine guns | ||||||||
| Zastava M84 | Yugoslavia Serbia | 7.62×54mmR |  | In service.[12] | ||||
| Zastava M72 | Yugoslavia Serbia | 7.62×39mm |  | In reserve | ||||
| Grenade launcher | ||||||||
| BGA 30mm | Serbia | 30×29mm |  | In service | ||||
| Heckler & Koch AG36 | Germany | 40×46mm |  | In service | ||||
| Anti-tank | ||||||||
| M79 Osa | Yugoslavia | 90 mm rocket |  | In service, planned to buy newman-portable anti-tank systems.[citation needed] | ||||
| M80 Zolja | Yugoslavia | 64 mm rocket |  | In service, planned to buy newman-portable anti-tank systems.[citation needed] | ||||
| 9M14 Malyutka |  Soviet Union Yugoslavia | 64 mm rocket |  | In service | ||||
| Mortar | ||||||||
| M57 | Yugoslavia | 60 mm | 43 |  | In service | |||
| M69 | Yugoslavia | 82 mm | 44 |  | 14 active, 30 in reserve | |||
| M74/M75 | Yugoslavia | 120 mm | 32 |  | In service.[20] | |||
| Howitzer | ||||||||
| D-30J 122 mm | Soviet Union | 122 mm | 12 |  | In service.[20] | |||
| Multiple rocket launchers | ||||||||
| M-94 Plamen-S | Yugoslavia | 128 mm | 18 |  | In service.[20] | |||
| Armoured personnel carriers | ||||||||
| model | country of origin | year of production | quantity | picture | notes | |||
| Oshkosh L-ATV | United States Israel | 2020 to 2024 | 67+? |  | TheGale Banks Engineering diesel engine develops340 hp, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are10.2 t, of which the payload is3.8 t. - 55 vehicles are equipped withElbit SystemsRCWS (Remote Controlled Weapon Station) with a 12.7 mmheavy machine gun - 4 vehicles are equipped withRafael Samson RCWS armed withM230LF 30 mm lightweight automaticchain gun, - 4 vehicles are equipped with missile launchers forSpike LR HEAT andSpike SR missiles - 4 vehicles are command and reconnaissance vehicle - In May 2023 Montenegrin MoD signed a 22 million USD contract with Elbit Systems for a purchase of an unspecified number of 120 mmSPEAR Mk2 mortar systems to be mounted on JLTVs.[21] | |||
| ACS LAPV 5.4 Enok | Germany | 2018 | 6 |   | The diesel engine develops184 hp, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are5.4 t. | |||
| Otokar Cobra | Turkey | 2016 | 1 |  | The diesel engine develops190 hp, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are6.7 t. Light armoured combat vehicle for chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear reconnaissance. | |||
| Achleitner RCV Survivor | Austria | 2010 | 4 |   | The diesel engine develops286 hp and650 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are8 t, of which the payload is2.5 t. Reconnaissance and Command Vehicle (RCV) have modified chassis of the Toyota Land Cruiser 200. | |||
| TAM BOV VP М86 | Yugoslavia | 3 |  | The diesel engine develops150 hp and490 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are9.1 t. | ||||
| Military light utility vehicle | ||||||||
| Toyota Hilux RC 19 2.4 D 4x4 |  Japan | 2020 | 20 | .jpg) | The diesel engine develops150 hp and400 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are3 t, of which the payload is circa1 t. | |||
| Mercedes-Benz G-Class[22] | Germany | 2016 | 6 |  | The 3.0 V6 diesel engine develops240 hp and600 Nm | |||
| Toyota Land Cruiser | Japan | 2016 | 1 | Ambulance vehicle | ||||
| Isuzu D-Max | Japan | 2016 | 1 | The diesel engine develops163 hp and400 Nm, and is used for food transport. | ||||
| Achleitner MMV Survivor | Austria | 2010 | 16 |  | The diesel engine develops173 hp and410 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are4 t, of which the payload is circa0.8 t. Militarized Mission Vehicle (MMV) is Toyota Land Cruiser but with reinforced suspension, additional engine and gearbox protection, modified brake system and the intake and exhaust system (so that the vehicle could go through water), can cary five soldiers and in the trunk there are five boxes for automatic rifles (one for each soldier) and painted in military color. | |||
| Pinzgauer 710 | Austria |  | The petrol engine develops90 hp and185 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are2,9 t, of which the payload is circa1 t. | |||||
| Military utility trucks | ||||||||
| BMC 245-16P | Turkey | 2023 | 2 | The Cummins 615Be 245 diesel engine develops245 hp and925 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are16 t, of which the payload is8.5 t (off-road5 t). | ||||
| BMC 380-26P | Turkey | 2023 | 1 | The Cummins ISMe 385 30 diesel engine develops380 hp and1,834 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are26 t, of which the payload is15.5 t (off-road10 t). | ||||
| Iveco MUV | Italy | 2019 | 1 | Ambulance vehicle | ||||
| Mercedes-Benz Unimog 405 | Germany | 2010 |  | |||||
| TAM 110 T7 B/BV | Yugoslavia |  | The F4 L 413 R diesel engine develops115 hp and350 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are7 t, of which the payload is2.5 t (off-road1.5 t). | |||||
| TAM 150 T11 B/BV | Yugoslavia | | The F6 L 413 R diesel engine develops150 hp and490 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are11.4 t, of which the payload is5 t (off-road3 t). | |||||
| FAP 2026 | Yugoslavia |  | The OM 402 diesel engine develops256 hp and834 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are21 t, of which the payload is10 t (off-road6 t). | |||||
| Engineering vehicles | ||||||||
| IMK TG-110 IMK TG-140 IMK TG-160 IMK TG-190 IMK TG-220 | Yugoslavia |  | Tracked bulldozer | |||||
| IMK ULT-160 | Yugoslavia |  | Wheeled bulldozer | |||||
| CAT 434F | United States |  | Backhoe loader | |||||
| Class | Country manufactured | Variants | Quantity | Pictures | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frigate | ||||||||
| Kotor class | Yugoslavia | – P-33Kotor - P-34Novi Sad | 1 1 |  | 2 in reserve[23] | |||
| Fast attack craft | ||||||||
| Končar class | Yugoslavia | – RTOP-405Jordan Nikolov Orce – RTOP-406Ante Banina | 1 1 |  | Under reconstruction. The ship RTOP-405 rentered service in 2019. under name P-105 "Durmitor".[citation needed] | |||
| Transport and support | ||||||||
| PO class | Yugoslavia | – PO91 | 1 | 1 in reserve | ||||
| Tugboats | ||||||||
| Salvage tug | Yugoslavia | – PR-41 (Orada) - LR-77 | 1 1 |  | 2 in active service | |||
| Sailing ship | ||||||||
| Jadran |  Weimar Republic | Used as a training ship | 1 |  | 1 in active service | |||
| Motor sailboat | Yugoslavia | –Bojana -Milena | 1 1 |  | 2 in active service | |||
| Motorboat | ||||||||
| Diving boat | Yugoslavia | -Ronilačka baraksa81 -Ronilačka barkasa85 | 1 1 |  | 2 in active service | |||
| Motor boatPolycat |  Netherlands | 1 | 1 in active service | |||||
| Motor boat | Yugoslavia | –ČM 33 | 1 | 1 in active service | ||||
| Inflatable boat | ||||||||
| Valiant 620PT |  United Kingdom | Used by Marine Platoon | 2 |  | 2 in active service | |||
| Motor yacht | ||||||||
| Jadranka | Yugoslavia | VIP Yacht | 1 |  | Offered for sale | |||
| Crane vessel | ||||||||
| Floating Crane | Yugoslavia | LDI 18 | 1 |  | 1 in active service | |||
| Aircraft | Country manufactured | Variant | Quantity | Pictures | Notes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transport | ||||||||
| Cessna 421 Golden Eagle | United States | Cessna 421B Golden Eagle | 1 |  | One for transport, medical evacuation and training.[citation needed] | |||
| Transport and utility helicopters | ||||||||
| SOKO Gazelle |  France Yugoslavia | SA-341H HO-42 SA-341H HI-42 SA-342L HO-45 SA-342L HN-45M | 4 1 2 4 |  | not in use from 2020 | |||
| Bell 412 | United States Canada | 412EP 412EPI | 1 2 |  | One EP variant and two EPI variants.Medical evacuation,search and rescue,aerial firefighting,patrol.[24][25] | |||
| Training helicopters | ||||||||
| Bell 505 Jet Ranger X | United States Canada | Bell 505 Jet Ranger X | 2 | .jpg) | Two for pilot training.[26] | |||
| Air defence | ||||||||
| 9K32 Strela-2M | Soviet Union Yugoslavia | Portable low-altitude surface-to-air missile |  | Planned to buy newman-portable air-defense systems.[citation needed] | ||||
| Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/70 |  Sweden | Autocannon 40mm L/70, works with GIRAFFE Radar |  | Planned for modernization.[citation needed] | ||||
| Giraffe radar | Sweden | Early warning radar, works with Bofors 40mm L/70 |  | Planned for modernization.[citation needed] | ||||
.jpg)
