TheMilitary timeline of Denmark is centered around an involvement in wars inNorthern Europe since 793 and, recently, elsewhere.
In the earlyMiddle Ages, DanishVikings invaded and conquered parts of theBritish Isles andNormandy. Later in the Middle Ages, Denmark was repeatedly in combat withScandinavian neighbours and in theBaltic area. The "Union Wars" of the 15th and early 16th centuries took place between Denmark andSweden, then united in theKalmar Union. After Sweden broke away, Denmark – until 1814 remaining united withNorway – again confronted Sweden in theNorthern Seven Years' War (1563–70) and theKalmar War (1611–13). Denmark was heavily involved in theThirty Years' War (1618–1648) on the side of theProtestants of theGerman lands. During the 16th to 18th centuries, Danish military involvement was also directed againstRussia and otherEastern European nations in the series ofNorthern Wars and subsequent campaigns.
Denmark was brought into theNapoleonic Wars on the French side when attacked by Britain at the Battles of Copenhagen in1801 and1807. The eventual defeat of Napoleon led to the break-up of the Denmark-Norway union. The next major combats were over control ofSchleswig, in theFirst andSecond Schleswig Wars. The result hereof being that Denmark lost Schleswig, of which the northern part returned in 1920.Denmark remained neutral inWorld War I, but inWorld War II the country wasoccupied, with little fighting, byNazi Germany in 1940.
1014 - TheBattle of Clontarf is fought in the region ofHowth, nearDublin between the Irish and Viking forces ofBrian Boruma and his Viking and Irish opponents. The battle results in an Irish victory on the side of king Brian.
1016 – Viking army meets an English army atAshdon. The battle ends in an English defeat
1471 – In theBattle of Brunkeberg, the Danes suffer complete defeat at the hands of the Swedish
1472 – Peace is concluded
1497 – 29 SeptemberKing Hans attempts to grab power in Sweden after internal disturbances. His army ofGermanmercenaries defeats a Swedish army in theBattle of Rotebro and he is recognised as King of Sweden
1500 – 17 February King Hans is defeated in the battle ofDithmarschen
1501 – A Swedish rebellion breaks out and King Hans loses most of Sweden
1501 – The Swedes attack Norway but are forced back.Stockholm surrenders to the Swedes
1510 – Lübeck declares war on Denmark and Sweden joins Lübeck
1511 – 9 August A Danish fleet forces the Lübeck fleet to fall back atBornholm, and the rest of the war they remain in port
1512 – April Denmark concludes peace with Sweden and Lübeck
1517 – A rebellion in Sweden flares up again. In August a Danish army is deployed at Stockholm, but is defeated at Vedla
1518 – Another Danish army is deployed at Stockholm, but is not capable of forcing a decisive battle
1520 – 6 April A Danish army defeats a Swedish peasant army atUppsala and occupies Stockholm
1520 – 8 November The Swedish army is defeated. King Christian the Second acquires the title of King of Sweden, and orders all the Swedish nobility executed. This day is known as the bloodbath in Stockholm
1521 – SwedishGustav Vasa reconquers all of Sweden and the Union is dissolved. Gustav is declared King of Sweden
1534 – A Civil War named theCount's Feud breaks out. Captain Clement raises aJuttish peasant army
1535 – 9 June A Danish and Swedish fleet fights a naval battle against Lübeck. The battle ends in a draw but in the coming days the Lübeck fleet is destroyed
1536 – 11 June In the Danish Civil War a Danish peasant army is massacred in the battle of Oxnebjerg
1537 – 16 January Lübeck concludes peace with Christian the Third. The Civil War ends whenCopenhagen surrenders to Christian the Third
1542 – War breaks out between France and the German Emperor. EmperorCharles V supportsFrederick II, Elector Palatine for the Danish crown, and Denmark participates in the war on the side of France
1543 – Denmark declares war on Netherlands, that are under the rule of Charles
1544 – Denmark concludes theTreaty of Speyer with the German Emperor
1563 – 31 July Ambition and a fight over the right to each other's national weapons, war breaks out between Denmark and Sweden
1563 – 15 September A Danish army moves into Sweden and occupiesÄlvsborg
1564 – 30 May A Danish fleet under the command ofHerluf Trolle, defeats a Swedish fleet betweenÖland andGotland
1565 – 9 October The war's only big battle stands atAxtorna. Rantzau defeats a numerically superior Swedish army
1570 – 13 December A peace treaty (Treaty of Stettin) is concluded and terminates the war between Denmark and Sweden. Denmark gives back Älvsborg in return for 150.000 daler (Danish coin)
Depiction of Christian IV on the flagshipTrefoldigheden in 1644, during theBattle of Colberger Heide
1643 – December: War with Sweden breaks out because of a long dispute over the dominance of theØresund, and dissent over the Øresund toll.
1643 – 12 December: The Swedish Field Marshal Thorsteinson crosses the border toHolstein from Swedish territory in North Germany.
1644 – January:Jutland is occupied by Swedish troops.
1644 – February: Swedish troops underGustav Horn advance intoSkåne and are stopped atMalmö.
1644 – 16 May: A Danish fleet defeats a Dutch fleet at Lister Dyb, which was sent to reinforce the Swedes.
1644 – 1 July: The Danish Fleet meets the Swedish Fleet at Koldberg Heide. The battle ends in a decisive Danish victory, and the Swedish withdraw to theKiel Bay.
1644 – 12 October: A combined Swedish and Dutch fleet defeats a Danish fleet atFehmarn. This effectively decides the outcome of the war.
1645 – February: Peace negotiations are started in Brømsebro.
1645 – 13 August: Denmark and Sweden conclude peace in Brømsebro. Denmark is forced to hand overGotland,Øsel andHalland (South Sweden) as well as theNorwegian provinceJemtland.
Knud J. V. Jespersen (2004).A History of Denmark. Palgrave Macmillan.ISBN0-333-65917-1.
Specific
^abGeorg Haggren, Petri Halinen, Mika Lavento, Sami Raninen and Anna Wessman (2015).Muinaisuutemme jäljet. Helsinki: Gaudeamus. p. 380.ISBN978-952-495-363-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
