Median nail dystrophy, also known asdystrophia unguis mediana canaliformis,median canaliform dystrophy of Heller,[1]: 657 andsolenonychia consists of longitudinal splitting or canal formation in the midline of thenail, a split which often resembles afir tree, occurring at thecuticle and proceeding outward as the nail grows.[2]: 788
Thumbs, which are the most commonly involved, usually show an enlargedlunula resulting probably from repeated pressure applied on the base of the nail.[1]: 657
Median nail dystrophy presents as gifts that resemble an upside-down fir tree or Christmas tree because to tiny fissures or cracks that break toward the nail edge or extend laterally from the center canal.[3] Usually symmetrical, the ailment primarily affects the thumbs, though it can also affect other fingers or toes.[4] There may belunula enlargement, redness, and thickening of the proximal nail fold.[5]
Although it is an acquired illness, there have been reports of familial clustering of instances.[4] The illness most likely stems from a transient flaw in the matrix that prevents nails from growing.[6] One component that has been identified as causal is trauma.[7]
For median nail dystrophy, treatment is frequently not required.[8] Normalcy usually returns to affected nails on its own, either when medication is stopped or after a traumatic event.[9][7]Triamcinolone acetonide injected directly into the proximal nail fold or topical ointments have been effectively used in the treatment of median nail dystrophy, though this is not usually advised.[6][10]
^Wu, C-Y; Chen, G-S; Lin, H-L (2009). "Median canaliform dystrophy of Heller with associated swan neck deformity".Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.23 (9). Wiley:1102–1103.doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03104.x.ISSN0926-9959.PMID19175482.
^abKIM, Byung Yoon; JIN, Seon Pil; WON, Chong-Hyun; CHO, Soyun (2010-05-24). "Treatment of median canaliform nail dystrophy with topical 0.1% tacrolimus ointment".The Journal of Dermatology.37 (6). Wiley:573–574.doi:10.1111/j.1346-8138.2009.00769.x.ISSN0385-2407.PMID20536678.
^abOlszewska, Malgorzata; Wu, John Z.; Slowinska, Monika; Rudnicka, Lidia (2009). "The 'PDA Nail'".American Journal of Clinical Dermatology.10 (3). Springer Science and Business Media LLC:193–196.doi:10.2165/00128071-200910030-00006.ISSN1175-0561.PMID19354334.
^Grover, Chander; Bansal, Shikha; Nanda, Soni; Reddy, Belum Siva Nagi (2005). "Efficacy of Triamcinolone Acetonide in Various Acquired Nail Dystrophies".The Journal of Dermatology.32 (12). Wiley:963–968.doi:10.1111/j.1346-8138.2005.tb00882.x.ISSN0385-2407.PMID16471458.
