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Sri Lanka is a tropical island situated close to the southern tip of India. The invertebrate fauna is as large as it is common to other regions of the world. There are about 2 million species of arthropods found in the world, and still it is counting. So many new species are discover up to this time also. So it is very complicated and difficult to summarize the exact number of species found within a certain region.
The following list is about Termites recorded in Sri Lanka.
Phylum:Arthropoda
Class:Insecta
Order:Blattodea
Infra Order:Isoptera
Termites areeusocialinsects that are classified at thetaxonomic rank ofinfraorderIsoptera, or asepifamily Termitoidae within thecockroach orderBlattodea. Termites were once classified in a separate order from cockroaches, but recentphylogenetic studies indicate that they evolved from close ancestors of cockroaches during theJurassic orTriassic. It is possible, however, that the first termites emerged during thePermian or even theCarboniferous. Approximately 3,106 species are currently described, with a few hundred more left to be described.
In 1913, Green compiled a concise catalogue for isopterans in Sri Lanka.[1] The first known study on termites was done by Wasmann during British period. Since then, many local and overseas scientists engaged on many studies, some in crop plantations as well.[2][3] A detailed work on Sri Lankan termites was done byUniversity of Peradeniya in 2012. According to this checklist, which is based on 1893 literature, a total of 64 species of termites in 27 genera and 4 families are recorded from Sri Lanka.[4][5][6]
Endemic species are denoted asE.
A sign of termite infestation that is very poignant is the appearance of swarmers or alates. A termite colony can get overpopulated. A new queen will strike out on her own to begin a new colony. She needs to mate with a male of the species and find a new area in which to start building her nest. Growing wings and flying enables her to do this. So each season, alates emerge from the colonies and take flight. When they do, and what triggers them to come out depend mostly on the weather and the population pressure in the termite colony. High humidity, and warm weather favour these manifestations.