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Lindesnes

Coordinates:58°06′15″N07°17′20″E / 58.10417°N 7.28889°E /58.10417; 7.28889
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Municipality in Agder, Norway
Municipality in Agder, Norway
Lindesnes Municipality
Lindesnes kommune
View of Vigeland, the administrative centre of Lindesnes Municipality
View of Vigeland, theadministrative centre of Lindesnes Municipality
Agder within Norway
Agder within Norway
Lindesnes within Agder
Lindesnes within Agder
Coordinates:58°06′15″N07°17′20″E / 58.10417°N 7.28889°E /58.10417; 7.28889
CountryNorway
CountyAgder
DistrictSørlandet
Established1 Jan 1964
 • Preceded bySpangereid,Sør-Audnedal, andVigmostad municipalities
Administrative centreMandal
Government
 • Mayor(2023)Alf Erik Andersen (FrP)
Area
 • Total
933.53 km2 (360.44 sq mi)
 • Land883.22 km2 (341.01 sq mi)
 • Water50.34 km2 (19.44 sq mi)  5.4%
 • Rank#126 in Norway
Population
 (2023)
 • Total
23,479
 • Rank#55 in Norway
 • Density26.6/km2 (69/sq mi)
 • Change(10 years)
Increase +5.2%
DemonymsLindesnes-folk
Lindesnesmann (male)
Lindesneskvinne (female)[1]
Official language
 • Norwegian formBokmål
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-4205[3]
WebsiteOfficial website

Lindesnes (English:the Naze) is amunicipality inAgder county,Norway. It is located in thetraditional district ofSørlandet. Theadministrative centre of the municipality is the town ofMandal. Other villages in Lindesnes includeÅvik,Høllen,Skofteland,Svenevig,Vigmostad,Heddeland,Bjelland,Breland,Koland,Laudal,Øyslebø, Bykjernen, Skjebstad,Sånum-Lundevik, Skogsfjord-Hesland,Krossen,Harkmark, Skinsnes-Ime, and Tregde-Skjernøy.[4]

The 934-square-kilometre (361 sq mi) municipality is the 126th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Lindesnes is the 55th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 23,479. The municipality'spopulation density is 26.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (69/sq mi) and its population has increased by 5.2% over the previous 10-year period.[5][6]

General information

[edit]
Lindesnes Fjellhallen (Millenium-Fjellhallen built in the rocks 2000–2004)
Lindesnes fyr. Thelighthouse is close to the southernmost point of mainland Norway.
Aerial view of the southern coastline of Lindesnes

The municipality of Lindesnes was created as a new municipality on 1 January 1964 after the merger of the older municipalities ofSpangereid (population: 899),Sør-Audnedal (population: 2,323), andVigmostad (population: 589).[7]

On 1 January 2020, the neighboring municipalities ofMandal andMarnardal were merged into Lindesnes, creating a much larger municipality of Lindesnes. At the same time, theadministrative centre of the new, larger municipality was moved to the town ofMandal.[8]

Name

[edit]

The oldestOld Norse form of the name wasLíðandi. That name is derived from the verblíða which means "lead to an end" or "go to the end" and the meaning of this name is probably just "the end", referring to its location at the southern tip of Norway. A later form wasLíðandisnes where the wordnes which means "headland" was added (a word that is related to the English formsness andnaze). The traditionalEnglish language version of the name is just theNaze, derived fromness meaning headland.[4]

Coat of arms

[edit]

The originalcoat of arms was granted on 25 April 1986 and it was in use until 1 January 2020 when the municipality was enlarged and a new coat of arms was adopted. The officialblazon was "Azure a lighthouse issuantargent" (Norwegian:I blått et oppvoksende sølv fyrtårn). This means the arms have a bluefield (background) and thecharge is the top of alighthouse. The lighthouse has atincture ofargent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The lighthouse represents the localLindesnes Lighthouse, the oldest lighthouse in Norway. It was built in 1655 on the Lindesnes peninsula. The arms were designed by Truls Nygaard who based it after a design by Rolf Dybvig. The municipal flag had the same design as the coat of arms.[9][10][11]

The newcoat of arms was granted on 1 January 2020 and it was a slightly more modern take on the old arms. Theblazon is"Azure, a lighthouse issuant and a crest amural crownargent" (Norwegian:På blågrønn bakgrunn, et hvitt fyrtårn med murkrone). This means the arms have a bluefield (background) and thecharge is a lighthouse with a crown above the shield. The charge has atincture ofargent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The new arms have a slightly different design and the addition of amural crown above theescutcheon to represent the fact that the municipality now includes the town ofMandal. The color was also changed to a more teal blue.[9][12]

  • Former arms in use from 24 April 1986 until 31 December 2019
    Former arms in use from 24 April 1986 until 31 December 2019
  • Current arms in use since 1 January 2020
    Current arms in use since 1 January 2020

Churches

[edit]

TheChurch of Norway has eight parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Lindesnes. It is part of theLister og Mandal prosti (deanery) in theDiocese of Agder og Telemark.

Churches in Lindesnes
Parish (sokn)Church nameLocation of the churchYear built
BjellandBjelland ChurchBjelland1793
HolumHolum ChurchKrossen1825
LaudalLaudal ChurchLaudal1826
MandalHarkmark ChurchHarkmark1613
Mandal ChurchMandal1821
SpangereidSpangereid ChurchHøllenc. 1140
ValleValle ChurchVigeland1793
VigmostadVigmostad ChurchVigmostad1848
ØyslebøØyslebø ChurchØyslebø1797

Government

[edit]

Lindesnes Municipality is responsible forprimary education (through 10th grade), outpatienthealth services,senior citizen services,welfare and othersocial services,zoning,economic development, and municipalroads and utilities. The municipality is governed by amunicipal council ofdirectly elected representatives. Themayor isindirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[13] The municipality is under the jurisdiction of theAgder District Court and theAgder Court of Appeal.

Municipal council

[edit]

Themunicipal council (Kommunestyre) of Lindesnes is made up of 39 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by politicalparty.

Lindesnes kommunestyre 2023–2027[14]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)5
 Progress Party(Fremskrittspartiet)9
 Green Party(Miljøpartiet De Grønne)1
 Conservative Party(Høyre)6
 Industry and Business Party(Industri‑ og Næringspartiet)2
 The Conservatives(Konservativt)1
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)4
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)2
 Socialist Left Party(Sosialistisk Venstreparti)3
 Liberal Party(Venstre)6
Total number of members:39
Lindesnes kommunestyre 2019–2023[15]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)8
 Progress Party(Fremskrittspartiet)11
 Green Party(Miljøpartiet De Grønne)2
 Conservative Party(Høyre)6
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)4
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)5
 Socialist Left Party(Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Liberal Party(Venstre)2
Total number of members:39
Lindesnes kommunestyre 2015–2019[16]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)3
 Progress Party(Fremskrittspartiet)2
 Conservative Party(Høyre)7
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)5
 Pensioners' Party(Pensjonistpartiet)1
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)1
 Liberal Party(Venstre)2
Total number of members:21
Lindesnes kommunestyre 2011–2015[17]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)2
 Progress Party(Fremskrittspartiet)2
 Conservative Party(Høyre)5
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)5
 Pensioners' Party(Pensjonistpartiet)2
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)1
 Liberal Party(Venstre)4
Total number of members:21
Lindesnes kommunestyre 2007–2011[16]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)2
 Progress Party(Fremskrittspartiet)4
 Conservative Party(Høyre)3
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)8
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)2
 Liberal Party(Venstre)2
Total number of members:21
Lindesnes kommunestyre 2003–2007[16]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)4
 Progress Party(Fremskrittspartiet)3
 Conservative Party(Høyre)3
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)6
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)2
 Socialist Left Party(Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Liberal Party(Venstre)2
Total number of members:21
Lindesnes kommunestyre 1999–2003[16]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)4
 Progress Party(Fremskrittspartiet)3
 Conservative Party(Høyre)5
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)8
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)2
 Liberal Party(Venstre)3
Total number of members:25
Lindesnes kommunestyre 1995–1999[18]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)5
 Conservative Party(Høyre)6
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)6
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)4
 Liberal Party(Venstre)4
Total number of members:25
Lindesnes kommunestyre 1991–1995[19]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)5
 Conservative Party(Høyre)8
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)5
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)4
 Liberal Party(Venstre)3
Total number of members:25
Lindesnes kommunestyre 1987–1991[20]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)7
 Conservative Party(Høyre)8
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)5
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)3
 Liberal Party(Venstre)2
Total number of members:25
Lindesnes kommunestyre 1983–1987[21]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)7
 Conservative Party(Høyre)8
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)6
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)2
 Liberal Party(Venstre)2
Total number of members:25
Lindesnes kommunestyre 1979–1983[22]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)5
 Conservative Party(Høyre)10
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)5
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)3
 Liberal Party(Venstre)2
Total number of members:25
Lindesnes kommunestyre 1975–1979[23]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)5
 Conservative Party(Høyre)7
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)5
 New People's Party(Nye Folkepartiet)1
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)4
 Liberal Party(Venstre)2
 Cross-party list(Tverrpolitisk Liste)1
Total number of members:25
Lindesnes kommunestyre 1971–1975[24]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)7
 Conservative Party(Høyre)2
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)4
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)5
 Liberal Party(Venstre)7
Total number of members:25
Lindesnes kommunestyre 1967–1971[25]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)7
 Conservative Party(Høyre)3
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)3
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)5
 Liberal Party(Venstre)7
Total number of members:25
Lindesnes kommunestyre 1963–1967[26]  
Party name(in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party(Arbeiderpartiet)7
 Conservative Party(Høyre)3
 Christian Democratic Party(Kristelig Folkeparti)2
 Centre Party(Senterpartiet)5
 Liberal Party(Venstre)8
Total number of members:25

Mayors

[edit]

Themayors (Norwegian:ordfører) of Lindesnes:

  • 1964–1967: Gunnar Gulli (V)
  • 1968–1971: Daniel Leland (Sp)
  • 1972–1975: Knut Lunden (KrF)
  • 1976–1979: Terje Gabrielsen (H)
  • 1980–1981: Kenneth Skofteland (KrF)
  • 1982–1983: Peder Skofteland (H)
  • 1984–1987: Kenneth Skofteland (KrF)
  • 1988–1993:Ansgar Gabrielsen (H)
  • 1993–1999: Oddleiv Skagestad (H)
  • 1999–2011: Ivar Lindal (KrF)
  • 2011–2019: Janne Fardal Kristoffersen (H)
  • 2019-2023: Even Sagebakken (Ap)
  • 2023-present: Alf Erik Andersen (FrP)[27]

Geography

[edit]

Lindesnes is a coastal municipality, with a long stretch of coastline to the south. It bordersLyngdal municipality to the west,Evje og Hornnes to the north, andKristiansand andVennesla to the east. TheLindesnes Lighthouse stands on the southernmost point of the mainland ofNorway, nearly 1,700 kilometres (1,100 mi) southwest ofKnivskjellodden, the northernmost point of mainland Norway. The southern coast of Lindesnes is rugged and includes several fjords such as theSnigsfjorden andGrønsfjorden as well as many islands such asSvinør. The interior of the municipality follows theAudnadalen valley through which the riverAudna flows south into the Snigsfjorden.

Climate

[edit]

Lindesnes has a temperateoceanic climate (Cfb). The weather station has been recording since January 1863, and is situated near the Lindesnes lighthouse on a peninsula protruding into the sea. It is the southernmost mainland point in Norway. The all-time high temperature is 27.3 °C (81.1 °F) recorded August 1975; the all-time low is −18.1 °C (−0.6 °F) recorded in January 1987. The five months May - September have not seen any overnight freeze, with coldest low 0.6 °C (33.1 °F) in May 1981 (data since 1954).

Climate data forLindesnes Lighthouse 1991-2020 (extremes 1954-2020)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)10.2
(50.4)		9.5
(49.1)		14.9
(58.8)		18
(64)		23.2
(73.8)		26.4
(79.5)		27
(81)		27.3
(81.1)		21.3
(70.3)		16.6
(61.9)		13.7
(56.7)		11.4
(52.5)		27.3
(81.1)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)4.5
(40.1)		3.7
(38.7)		5
(41)		8.2
(46.8)		12.1
(53.8)		15.1
(59.2)		17.7
(63.9)		18.2
(64.8)		15.4
(59.7)		11.4
(52.5)		7.9
(46.2)		5.7
(42.3)		10.4
(50.8)
Daily mean °C (°F)2.9
(37.2)		2
(36)		3.2
(37.8)		6.1
(43.0)		9.9
(49.8)		13
(55)		15.6
(60.1)		16.2
(61.2)		13.6
(56.5)		9.8
(49.6)		6.3
(43.3)		4
(39)		8.5
(47.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)1.2
(34.2)		0.5
(32.9)		1.6
(34.9)		4.4
(39.9)		8.1
(46.6)		11.2
(52.2)		13.9
(57.0)		14.4
(57.9)		11.9
(53.4)		8.1
(46.6)		4.7
(40.5)		2.3
(36.1)		6.9
(44.3)
Record low °C (°F)−18.1
(−0.6)		−15.1
(4.8)		−11
(12)		−5.5
(22.1)		0.6
(33.1)		4.5
(40.1)		6
(43)		7.8
(46.0)		3.6
(38.5)		−1.6
(29.1)		−8.3
(17.1)		−16.5
(2.3)		−18.1
(−0.6)
Averageprecipitation mm (inches)131.2
(5.17)		99.7
(3.93)		87.5
(3.44)		69
(2.7)		63.5
(2.50)		71.9
(2.83)		81.8
(3.22)		101.3
(3.99)		119.1
(4.69)		151.6
(5.97)		132.4
(5.21)		135.2
(5.32)		1,244.2
(48.97)
Average precipitation days17131310109101214161617157
Source 1: yr.no/Norwegian Meteorological Institute[28]
Source 2: NOAA - WMO averages 91-2020 Norway[29]


Climate data forLindesnes Lighthouse 1961-1990
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)2.7
(36.9)		2.3
(36.1)		3.7
(38.7)		6.9
(44.4)		11.3
(52.3)		14.9
(58.8)		16.3
(61.3)		16.8
(62.2)		14.2
(57.6)		11.1
(52.0)		7.4
(45.3)		4.7
(40.5)		9.4
(48.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)1.1
(34.0)		0.5
(32.9)		2.0
(35.6)		4.7
(40.5)		9.0
(48.2)		12.5
(54.5)		14.2
(57.6)		14.8
(58.6)		12.4
(54.3)		9.6
(49.3)		5.6
(42.1)		2.9
(37.2)		7.4
(45.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)−0.7
(30.7)		−1.3
(29.7)		0.3
(32.5)		2.8
(37.0)		7.3
(45.1)		10.7
(51.3)		12.4
(54.3)		13.0
(55.4)		10.7
(51.3)		7.9
(46.2)		3.8
(38.8)		0.9
(33.6)		5.7
(42.3)
Averageprecipitation mm (inches)109
(4.3)		72
(2.8)		83
(3.3)		60
(2.4)		71
(2.8)		65
(2.6)		78
(3.1)		102
(4.0)		125
(4.9)		143
(5.6)		146
(5.7)		105
(4.1)		1,159
(45.6)
Average precipitation days(≥ 1 mm)14.710.212.99.59.58.98.811.414.315.517.414.4147.5
Source: Norwegian Meteorological Institute[30]

Notable people

[edit]

Public service & public thinking

[edit]
Ellen Gleditsch, 1935
Adolph Tidemand, 1838
Gustav Vigeland, 1929
  • Peder Claussøn Friis (1545–1614), a Norwegian clergyman and author
  • Søren Jaabæk (1814 in Holum – 1894), a farmer and politician who was the longest-serving member of the Norwegian Parliament from 1845 to 1891
  • Geirulf Bugge (1862 in Mandal – 1940), a judge andNorwegian Supreme Court Justice
  • Ivar An Christensen (1868 in Mandal – 1934), a ship owner with a fleet of eleven steam ships
  • Elise Sem (1870–1950), a barrister, women's activist, and sports official who grew up in Manadal
  • Ellen Gleditsch (1879 in Mandal – 1968), aradiochemist and Norway's second female professor
  • Karen Platou (1879 in Mandal – 1950), a politician who was the first woman elected Member of Parliament
  • Arne Askildsen (1898–1982), a politician and bailiff of Mandal and Halse og Harkmark from 1928–1968, except during WWII
  • Asbjørn Aavik (1902 in Åvik - 1997), a Norwegian Lutheran missionary to China and writer
  • Leif Edwardsen (1922 in Mandal - 2002), a Norwegian diplomat
  • Knut Aukland (1929 in Vigmostad – 2014), a Norwegian physiologist
  • Ole-Johan Dahl (1931 in Mandal – 2002), Norway's foremost computer scientist
  • Ludvig Hope Faye (1931–2017), a politician who was Mayor of Mandal from 1972–1975
  • Ansgar Gabrielsen (born 1955 in Mandal), a consultant and former politician
  • Janne Haaland Matláry (born 1957), a political scientist, writer, politician, and academic

The Arts

[edit]

Sport

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Navn på steder og personer: Innbyggjarnamn" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
  2. ^"Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no.
  3. ^Bolstad, Erik; Thorsnæs, Geir, eds. (9 January 2024)."Kommunenummer".Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Foreningen Store norske leksikon.
  4. ^abStore norske leksikon."Lindesnes" (in Norwegian). Retrieved17 December 2016.
  5. ^Statistisk sentralbyrå."Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian).
  6. ^Statistisk sentralbyrå."09280: Area of land and fresh water (km²) (M)" (in Norwegian).
  7. ^Jukvam, Dag (1999).Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen(PDF) (in Norwegian).Statistisk sentralbyrå.ISBN 9788253746845.
  8. ^"Nye Lindesnes" (in Norwegian). Lindesnes kommune. Retrieved5 November 2017.
  9. ^ab"Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved17 January 2023.
  10. ^"Lindesnes, Vest-Agder (Norway)".Flags of the World. Retrieved17 January 2023.
  11. ^"Godkjenning av våpen og flagg".Lovdata.no (in Norwegian). Norges kommunal- og arbeidsdepartementet. 25 April 1986. Retrieved17 January 2023.
  12. ^"Har vedtatt nytt kommunevåpen".NRK Sørlandet (in Norwegian). 21 November 2019. Retrieved17 January 2023.
  13. ^Hansen, Tore; Vabo, Signy Irene, eds. (20 September 2022)."kommunestyre".Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian).Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved14 October 2022.
  14. ^"Kommunestyrevalg 2023 - Agder".Valgdirektoratet. Retrieved28 January 2024.
  15. ^"Kommunestyrevalg 2019 – Agder".Valgdirektoratet. Retrieved6 December 2020.
  16. ^abcd"Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
  17. ^"Kommunestyrevalg 2011 – Vest-Agder".Valgdirektoratet. Retrieved6 December 2020.
  18. ^"Kommunestyrevalget 1995"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1996. Retrieved6 December 2020.
  19. ^"Kommunestyrevalget 1991"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1993. Retrieved6 December 2020.
  20. ^"Kommunestyrevalget 1987"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1988. Retrieved6 December 2020.
  21. ^"Kommunestyrevalget 1983"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984. Retrieved6 December 2020.
  22. ^"Kommunestyrevalget 1979"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979. Retrieved6 December 2020.
  23. ^"Kommunevalgene 1975"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977. Retrieved6 December 2020.
  24. ^"Kommunevalgene 1972"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973. Retrieved6 December 2020.
  25. ^"Kommunevalgene 1967"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967. Retrieved6 December 2020.
  26. ^"Kommunevalgene 1963"(PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964. Retrieved6 December 2020.
  27. ^Nordahl, Victoria Marie (13 September 2023)."Lindesnes: Frp får ordføreren og Ap varaordfører".NRK (in Norwegian). Retrieved28 January 2024.
  28. ^"yr.no/statistics".
  29. ^"NOAA WMO normals Norway 1991-2020".
  30. ^"eKlima Web Portal". Norwegian Meteorological Institute. Archived fromthe original on 14 June 2004.
  31. ^Tobias Santelmann atIMDb. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  32. ^Helene Bøksle atIMDb. Retrieved 19 November 2020.

External links

[edit]
Places adjacent to Lindesnes
Agder county,Norway
Towns and cities
Municipalities
Østre Agder
Setesdal
Kristiansand
Lister and Mandal
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