Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT, also calledphosphatidylcholine–sterol O-acyltransferase) is anenzyme found in many animals, including humans. It converts freecholesterol intocholesteryl ester, a more hydrophobic form of cholesterol. This process sequesters cholesterol ester into the core of alipoprotein particle, eventually making the newly synthesizedHDL spherical and forcing the reaction to become unidirectional since the particles are removed from the surface. The enzyme is bound tohigh-density lipoproteins (HDLs) (alpha-LCAT) and LDLs (beta-LCAT) in theblood plasma.[5]LCAT deficiency can cause impaired vision due to cholesterol corneal opacities, anemia, and kidney damage.[6] It belongs to the family ofphospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferases.
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