Pursuant to a practice direction given byLord Judge during his tenure as the Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales, the Law Reports are "the most authoritative reports" and should always be "cited in preference where there is a choice."[1] This requirement is further referred to in respect of appeals to the Court of Appeal in paragraph 29(2) of Practice Direction 52C of theCivil Procedure Rules.[2]
This series is now divided into four main sub-series:
Law Reports, Appeal Cases, covering decisions of theHouse of Lords (and, since 2009, theSupreme Court), thePrivy Council and the Court of Appeal – started in 1866 as the Law Reports, English & Irish Appeals,[3] renamed in 1875[4] and redesigned in 1891;[5]
Law Reports, Chancery Division, covering decisions of the Chancery Division of the High Court – started in 1865 as the Law Reports, Chancery Appeal Cases,[6] renamed in 1875[7] and redesigned in 1890;[8]
Law Reports, Family Division, covering decisions of theFamily Division of the High Court – started in 1865 as the Law Reports, Probate & Divorce Cases,[9] renamed Law Reports, Probate, Divorce & Admiralty Division in 1875,[10] renamed Law Reports, Probate in 1891[11] and renamed in 1972;[12] and
Law Reports, Queen's Bench, covering decision of theKing's Bench Division (named the Queen's Bench Division during the reigns of Victoria and Elizabeth II) of the High Court – started in 1865,[13] renamed Law Reports, Queen's Bench Division in 1875, renamed to drop "Division" in 1891,[14] renamed to take account of the change of monarch in 1901,[15] 1952[14] and 2022.[citation needed]
The number and names of the series have changed. This is partly due to the merger of existing courts, the merger of existing divisions of individual courts, and the creation of new divisions of individual courts.Citation of series has also changed.[16]
The Law Reports were originally divided into eleven series.Glanville Williams said that "roughly speaking" there was a series for each of thesuperior courts.[17] The series were:
In 1875, the number of series was reduced to six. This was due to the creation of the High Court and a decision on the part of the publishers, to put the House of Lords, the Privy Council and the new Court of Appeal in the same volume, and to group Crown Cases Reserved and the Queen's Bench Division together. The series were:
Appeal Cases
Chancery Division
Queens Bench Division
Common Pleas Division
Exchequer Division
Probate Division
There was a change in the mode of citation. The abbreviation "LR" ceased to be used.
In 1881, the number of series was reduced to four. This is because the Common Pleas and Exchequer Divisions of the High Court were incorporated in the Queen's Bench Division of that court in 1880:
There have continued to be four series during this period, but their names have changed from time to time.
Appeal Cases
Chancery Division
Queen's Bench Division (1891–1901, 1952–2022)/King's Bench Division (1901–1952, 2022–present) (From 1907, this series included decisions of theCourt of Criminal Appeal in place of the formerCourt for Crown Cases Reserved.)
Probate (Replaced in 1972 by a series called Family, due to the creation of the Family Division of the High Court)
In 1891, there was a change in the mode of citation. Volumes published from 1891 onwards are cited by the year in which they were published and numbered according to the order of publication in that year, if more than one volume has been published in that year.
