Kosti كوستي | |
|---|---|
 Kosti Residential Area | |
  Kosti Location in Sudan (White Nile state highlighted) | |
| Coordinates:13°10′N32°40′E / 13.167°N 32.667°E /13.167; 32.667 | |
| Country |  Sudan |
| State | White Nile |
| Elevation | 1,250 ft (380 m) |
| Population (2012) | |
• Total | 345,068[1] |
Kosti (alsoKusti,Arabic:كوستي) is one of the major cities inSudan that lies south ofKhartoum, the capital ofSudan, and stands on the western bank of theWhite Nile river oppositeRabak, the capital of theWhite Nile state and is connected to it by a bridge. The city is served by Kosti Railway Station andRabak Airport. The population of Kosti as of 2012 was estimated at 345,068 people.
Kosti was founded shortly after 1899 by the Greek merchant Konstantinos "Kostas" Mourikis, who arrived in Sudan along with his brother following theAnglo-Egyptian victory over the indigenousMahdist state.[2] He set up a store on the White Nile, where pilgrims fromWest Africa toMecca and Southern trade routes crossed. The settlement soon grew to a town and was named after "Kostas", illustrating the important role played by theGreeks in Sudan, especially in the field of trade.[3]
The large Kenanasugar refinery is located in Rabak east of the city.
Kosti is home to theEl Imam El Mahdi University, established in 1994 as a public university funded by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research.It is named in honor ofMuhammad Ahmad, the leader of the Mahdia revolution in Sudan (1885-1898).[4]
Kosti, like most of Sudan, has a very dry climate. The climate stays hot throughout the year, even into November temperatures still break 100 degrees.[5][6]
| Climate data for Kosti (1991–2020, extremes 1961–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 42 (108) | 44 (111) | 45.8 (114.4) | 46.5 (115.7) | 46.8 (116.2) | 46 (115) | 43.5 (110.3) | 40 (104) | 42 (108) | 42.6 (108.7) | 42 (108) | 41.5 (106.7) | 46.8 (116.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 32.8 (91.0) | 35.3 (95.5) | 38.7 (101.7) | 41.6 (106.9) | 41.2 (106.2) | 39.0 (102.2) | 34.9 (94.8) | 33.2 (91.8) | 35.3 (95.5) | 38.0 (100.4) | 36.6 (97.9) | 33.7 (92.7) | 36.7 (98.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 24.9 (76.8) | 27.0 (80.6) | 30.1 (86.2) | 33.0 (91.4) | 33.8 (92.8) | 32.5 (90.5) | 29.6 (85.3) | 28.3 (82.9) | 29.6 (85.3) | 31.2 (88.2) | 29.2 (84.6) | 26.1 (79.0) | 29.6 (85.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 17.1 (62.8) | 18.7 (65.7) | 21.4 (70.5) | 24.5 (76.1) | 26.5 (79.7) | 25.9 (78.6) | 24.3 (75.7) | 23.4 (74.1) | 23.9 (75.0) | 24.5 (76.1) | 21.8 (71.2) | 18.5 (65.3) | 22.5 (72.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 8.4 (47.1) | 8 (46) | 11.2 (52.2) | 14 (57) | 17.3 (63.1) | 18.5 (65.3) | 16.2 (61.2) | 18.5 (65.3) | 3.4 (38.1) | 14.5 (58.1) | 13.1 (55.6) | 7.5 (45.5) | 3.4 (38.1) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 0.1 (0.00) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.5 (0.02) | 18.3 (0.72) | 31.4 (1.24) | 118.6 (4.67) | 135.4 (5.33) | 56.6 (2.23) | 7.4 (0.29) | 0.1 (0.00) | 0.0 (0.0) | 368.4 (14.50) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 3.3 | 8.5 | 10.1 | 4.1 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 29.3 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 37 | 30 | 25 | 24 | 35 | 47 | 63 | 72 | 65 | 51 | 37 | 39 | 44 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 297.6 | 271.6 | 285.2 | 279.0 | 260.4 | 231.0 | 195.3 | 195.3 | 225.0 | 275.9 | 294.0 | 310.0 | 3,120.3 |
| Source:NOAA[7] | |||||||||||||
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