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TheChinese Korean language (Korean: 중국조선말;Hancha: 中國朝鮮말;RR: Jungguk Joseonmal,lit. 'ChinaJoseon language') is the variety of theKorean language spoken byKoreans in China who have Chinese nationality, primarily located inHeilongjiang,Jilin, andLiaoning.

Allvarieties of Korean except theJeju language are spoken by members of theKorean diaspora who settled in China before 1949. The educational standard is theNorth Korean standard language.

Chinese Korean vocabulary is very similar to the North Korean standard, as is orthography; a major exception of orthography is that the spelling of some Chinese cities is different (for example,Hong Kong is referred to by the Sino-Korean name of香港,향항,Hyanghang, rather than the North and South Korean transcription of EnglishHongk'ong,홍콩); exceptions of vocabulary are all related to China.

The text used in the Korean language of Yanbian was originally inKorean mixed script, which made it difficult for a large number of grassroots Korean people to read articles. In 1949, the local newspaperNortheast Korean People's Daily in Yanbian published the "workers and peasants version" which used all-hangul in text, in addition to the existing "cadre version" that had mixed script for the convenience of grassroots Korean people. Starting April 20, 1952, the newspaper abolished the "cadre version" and published in hangul only, soon the entire publishing industry adopted the hangul-only style. On June 28, 1963,Zhou Enlai instructed that the Korean language of Yanbian should be based on the Pyongyang standard of North Korea. Subsequently, the Yanbian Language and History Research Committee standardized the Korean language of Yanbian on the basis ofNorth Korean standard.^[1] Currently, the standardized dialect of Korean amongst Chinese-Koreans is similar to that of North Korea due to China's favorable relations with North Korea, and also the proximity of the two nations.

In 1989, theGB 12052 character set standard was established for text processing on computers.

Yanbian Koreans primarily useHamgyŏng dialect.Pyongan dialect is spoken by ethnic Korean communities inLiaoning, whileKyŏngsang dialect is spoken inHeilongjiang.^[2]

The southwestern variant of Chinese Korean retains the[ø] pronunciation for ㅚ and[y] for (ㅟ), which have been simplified into[we] and[wi] respectively in standard Korean. The southeastern variant of Chinese Korean does not differentiate the respective pronunciations for[ɛ] (ㅐ) and[e] (ㅔ).

Additionally, in the northeast and the southeast regions of this dialect,pitch accent is used.

Chinese Korean alsosimplifies diphthongs in loanwords into single vowels, such as in the word 땐노 (ttaenno, "computer"; from Chinese 电脑diànnǎo).

Thecopula "-ㅂ니까/-습니까" in Standard Korean is rendered as "-ㅁ둥/-슴둥" in dialects of Korean spoken in Northeastern Jilin, and "-ㅁ니꺼/-심니꺼" in dialects spoken in Southwestern Heilongjiang.

At the same time, there are grammatical influences fromStandard Chinese, for example:

• 전화 치다 "make a phone call" (Standard Korean: 전화 걸다). In Chinese, the same sentence打电话 literally means to physically "hit" a telephone, hence the word 치다, "to hit", is used to describe making a phone call.
• 뭘 주면 뭘 먹는다 "eat whatever is given" (Standard Korean: 주는 건 다 먹는다)

Vocabulary is another differentiating factor in comparison with other varieties of Korean, with usage of words such as개구리 and개구락지 (frog). As a result of Chinese influence, there are many words that arise from Modern Standard Chinese.

Some words arise from theeum pronunciation ofhanja, for example공인 (工人, worker, Standard Korean:노동자,勞動者) and판공실 (辦公室, office, Standard Korean:사무실,事務室).

There are also some loanwords that are phonetically transliterated from Japanese that standard Korean doesn't have (probably due to influence ofManchukuo's rule):^[3]

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