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Korean Central News Agency

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
North Korean state news agency
"KCNA" redirects here. For the radio station in Oregon, seeKCNA (FM). For the radio station in Arizona, seeKIKX (Arizona).

Korean Central News Agency
Company typeState-owned
IndustryNews agency
FoundedDecember 5, 1946; 78 years ago (1946-12-05)
Headquarters1 Potonggang-dong,Potonggang District,,
Number of locations
Many municipal offices, correspondents and bureaus in six other countries
Area served
International
Key people
Kim Chang-gwang (Director General)
ServicesMedia
OwnerKorean Central Broadcasting Committee
Number of employees
800
Websitekcna.kp
Korean Central News Agency
Chosŏn'gŭl
조선중앙통신 / 조선통신사
Hancha
朝鮮中央通信 / 朝鮮通信社
Revised RomanizationJoseon Jungangtongsin / Joseon Tongsinsa
McCune–ReischauerChosŏn Chungangt'ongsin / Chosŏn T'ongsinsa

TheKorean Central News Agency (KCNA) (Korean조선중앙통신) is thestatenews agency ofNorth Korea.[1][2][3] The agency portrays the views of theNorth Korean government for both domestic and foreign consumption. It was established on December 5, 1946, and now features online coverage.[4]

Organization

[edit]

KCNA works under theKorean Central Broadcasting Committee, through which it is ultimately controlled by theWorkers' Party of Korea'sPropaganda and Agitation Department.[5] In December 1996, KCNA began publishing its news articles on theInternet with itsweb server located inJapan. Since October 2010, stories have been published on a new site, controlled fromPyongyang, and output has been significantly increased to include world stories with no specific link to North Korea[6] as well as news from countries that have strong DPRK ties.

In addition toKorean, KCNA releases news translated intoEnglish,Russian,Chinese,Japanese, andSpanish. Access to its website, along with other North Korean news sites,has been blocked by South Korea since 2004 and can be accessed only through the government's authorization.[7][8] As well as serving as a news agency, it also produces summaries of world news to North Korean officials and publishes theKorean Central Yearbook [ko].[1][9][10] It is also alleged to conduct clandestine intelligence collection.[11]

Based in the capitalPyongyang, at 1 Potonggang-dong,Potonggang District,[12] KCNA has bureaus in several municipalities.[1] KCNA also has press exchange agreements with around 46 foreign news agencies,[13][page needed] includingSouth Korea'sYonhap.[14] Its closest partners, however, areTASS andXinhua News Agency.[1] KCNA has correspondents and bureaus in six countries, includingRussia andChina.[15] The correspondents are located in Russia, China,Cuba,Iran,India, andEgypt.[9] KCNA also collaborates withReuters and theAssociated Press, the latter of which has a permanent bureau in Pyongyang. KCNA journalists have trained abroad with theBBC and Reuters.[1] KCNA is a member ofOrganization of Asia-Pacific News Agencies since 1982.[1][9] The agency employs 800 people.[9]

According to its website, KCNA "speaks for the Workers' Party of Korea and the DPRK government". The agency has been described as the "official organ."[16] In June 1964 on one of his first official activities,Kim Jong Il visited KCNA headquarters and said the agency should be "propagating the revolutionary ideology of the leader (Kim Il Sung) widely throughout the world."[17] However, the agency is also said to offer a unique insight into the North Korean "mentality."[18][19]

A talk given to officials at KCNA on June 12, 1964, outlines the function of the news agency:

In order to become a powerful ideological weapon of our Party, the Korean Central News Agency must provide a news service in accordance with the idea and intention of the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung, establishJuche firmly in its work and fully embody the Party spirit, the working class spirit and the spirit of serving the people. It must pay serious attention to each word, to each dot of the writings it releases because they express the standpoint of our Party and the Government of our Republic.[20]

Under the principle and guideline on the work of ideological propaganda and agitation put by the country's ruling party, the Workers' Party of Korea, the agency generally reports only good news about the country that is intended to encourage its people and project a positive image abroad.[21] Nonetheless, it has on occasion acknowledged food shortages in the country.[22][23] TheRyongchon disaster was also reported in April 2004, after a delay of two days.[24][25]

The Director General of KCNA is Kim Chang-gwang.[9] KCNA has a sports team in the annual Paektusan Prize Games of Civil Servants.[26]

Recurring themes

[edit]
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KCNA articles generally revolve on several specific themes:

  • Detailing performances of cultural events, usually attended by various dignitaries.
  • Decrying the actions and attitudes of theUnited States,[27] Japan,[28]South Korea,[29]Israel[30] and other nations, particularly concerning military cooperation, historical events or trade among those nations. Personal attacks on American, Japanese, South Korean and Israeli leaders are common.[31]
  • Airing the official DPRK position on ongoing disputes with Japan over such matters asChongryon[32] andcomfort women.[33]
  • Supporting theAxis of Resistance.[30]
  • Calling for the destruction of Israel.[34]
  • Noting the celebration of DPRK events and ideas in other countries.[35]
  • Calling for thereunification of Korea under the Juche ideology.[36][37]
  • Promoting the popularity of Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il, andKim Jong Un.[15][38][39] Such instances would detail the daily routines of the leaders,[40] or praise from friendly organisations in other countries.[37][41][42]
  • Communications, visits and gifts (it does not name the particular gift) to and from various like-minded or friendly nations.[43][44][45] Regarding the number of gifts, KCNA claimed that former leader Kim Il Sung receives "2,910 a year, 243 a month and 8 a day."[46]
  • New technological developments, such as a preservation agent for theKimjongilia flower,[47] a new kind ofpesticide[48] and "blood purifying" rings and bracelets [aquack remedy],[49] amongst others.
  • Emphasizing the names of Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il and Kim Jong Un by enlarging their names to appear larger than the rest of the text.[50]
  • References to institutes, groups or centres "for the study of the Juche idea". For example, a KCNA report from June 12, 2011, claimed that "The Brazilian Center for the Study of the Juche Idea was inaugurated with due ceremony at São Paulo University on June 4".[51] The article also refers to an unnamed "chairman" (who presumably presided over the ceremony), but this supposed event was not reported by a source other than KCNA as of the date of the article (eight days after the ceremony was alleged to have occurred).

Editorial practices

[edit]

KCNA employs language, such as "traitors", "warmongers" or "human scum", for governments (especially those of South Korea and the United States), organizations and individuals who are deemed characteristic of those terms.[52] In contrast, Kim Jong Un, Kim Jong Il and Kim Il Sung are credited for their "outstanding wisdom", "unique abilities" or "noble virtue".[53]

Because of this, KCNA is often considered as a fake news website by many critics.[54][55]

New Year editorials

[edit]

As a tradition since 1996, KCNA, along with the three main state run newspapers in North Korea, publishes a joint New Year editorial that outlines the country's policies for the year. The editorials usually offer praise for theSongun policy, the government and leadership, and encourage the growth of the nation. They are also critical of the policies of South Korea, Japan, the United States and Western governments towards the country.[56][57]On January 1, 2006, the agency sent out a joint-editorial from North Korea's state newspapers calling for the withdrawal ofAmerican troops fromSouth Korea.[58] While annual January 1 editorials are a tradition among the papers, that year's brought attention fromWestern media outlets, by calling for a "nationwide campaign for driving out the U.S. troops".[59] The editorial made several references toKorean reunification. The 2009 editorial received similar attention, as criticism ofUnited States policy was absent, and the admission of severe economic problems in the country. The editorial also made reference to denuclearisation on theKorean peninsula, in what analysts claimed was a "hopeful" sign.[60][61] This was echoed again in its 2010 editorial, which called for an end to hostilities with the United States and a nuclear freeKorean Peninsula.[62]

The 2011 joint editorial edition, aside from its calls for a denuclearized Korea and for a slowdown of tensions between the two Koreas, has for the first time, mentioned the rising light industries of the DPRK, given as a reason for an upcoming upsurge in the national economy in the new year and for the achievement of the Kangsong Taeguk national mission.[citation needed]

The 2012 joint editorial edition, the first under Kim Jong Un's leadership, started with a great tribute to Kim Jong Il and aside from recurring calls for improving inter-Korean relations and for the fulfillment of the October 4 Declaration of 2007, also called on the whole nation to give priority to do Kim Jong Il's 2012 mission ofStrong and Prosperous Nation, continue his and his father Kim Il Sung's legacies to the entire country and the socialist cause, and to build up and encourage the various sectors that compose the nation to become contributors to national progress in all areas at all costs.[citation needed]

This practice ended in 2013 when Kim Jong Un delivered the first New Year speech on television in 19 years.[63]

Censorship

[edit]

Following the purge and execution ofJang Song-thaek, KCNA conducted its largest censorship operation on its webpage. Some 35,000 articles of Korean-language original reporting were deleted. Counting translations, a total of 100,000 articles were removed. Additionally, some articles were edited to omit Jang's name.[64] Not all of the deleted articles mentioned Jang directly.[65]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^abcdefHoare, James E. (2012)."Korean Central News Agency (KCNA)".Historical Dictionary of Democratic People's Republic of Korea. London: Scarecrow Press. p. 231.ISBN 978-0-8108-7987-4.
  2. ^"North Korea".Reporters Without Borders. July 6, 2020.
  3. ^"In North Korea, the state-run news agency is the weapon of choice". Washington Post. April 28, 2013.
  4. ^Shrivastava, K. M. (2007).News Agencies from Pigeon to Internet. Elgin: New Dawn Press Group. p. 211.ISBN 978-1-932705-67-6.
  5. ^"KWP Propaganda and Agitation Department"(PDF).North Korea Leadership Watch. November 2009. pp. 1–2. RetrievedMay 27, 2018.
  6. ^"KCNA significantly increasing output".North Korea Tech. March 4, 2011.
  7. ^Christian Oliver (April 1, 2010)."Sinking underlines South Korean view of state as monster". London:Financial Times. Archived fromthe original on September 24, 2015. RetrievedApril 2, 2010.
  8. ^North Korea Newsletter No. 56 (May 28, 2009)Archived September 14, 2011, at theWayback Machine.Yonhap. May 28, 2009.
  9. ^abcde"KCNA".OANA NEWS. RetrievedAugust 17, 2022.
  10. ^조선중앙년감. WorldCat.OCLC 873700160. RetrievedAugust 17, 2022.
  11. ^Henderson, Robert (2003).Brassey's International Intelligence Yearbook: 2003 Edition. Brassey's. p. 292.ISBN 978-1-57488-550-7.
  12. ^Pares 2005, p. 188.
  13. ^Pares 2005.
  14. ^About UsArchived March 31, 2008, at theWayback Machine,Yonhap.
  15. ^ab"Koreascope Mass Media". Archived fromthe original on April 12, 2009.
  16. ^Quick, A. C. (2003).World Press Encyclopedia: A Survey of Press Systems Worldwide. (2nd eds.) Gale.ISBN 978-0-7876-5584-6.
  17. ^Lee, H. (2001).North Korea: A Strange Socialist Fortress. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 67.ISBN 978-0-275-96917-2)
  18. ^Bennett, G. & Dresner, D. (1999).Directory of Web Sites. Taylor & Francis. pp.580.ISBN 978-1-57958-179-4.
  19. ^North Korea HungerArchived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine.Reuters. July 10, 2008.
  20. ^A Talk to the Officials of the Korean Central News Agency June 12, 1964Archived March 27, 2009, at theWayback Machine. KFA.
  21. ^Daily News about North KoreaArchived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine.The Chosun Ilbo. July 15, 2005.
  22. ^Shortages of food in the DPRK. KCNA. September 25, 2000.
  23. ^Is North Korea facing famine?Archived March 21, 2009, at theWayback Machine,BBC News, June 25, 2008.
  24. ^Reeling, hungry, N Korea heads to nuke talks.Asia Times Online. May 7, 2004.
  25. ^KCNA Report on Explosion at Ryongchon Railway StationArchived April 30, 2011, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, April 24, 2004.
  26. ^"Civil servants play basketball tournament".The Pyongyang Times. KCNA. January 26, 2017. Archived fromthe original on November 27, 2017. RetrievedMay 16, 2017.
  27. ^U.S. Scenario for Preemptive Nuclear Attack on DPRK BlastedArchived February 8, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, December 11, 2005.
  28. ^KCNA Blasts Fukuda Regime's Suppression of ChongryonArchived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, March 18, 2008.
  29. ^KCNA Blasts Lee Myung Bak Group's Anachronistic Confrontational PolicyArchived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, January 8, 2009.
  30. ^ab"파렴치한 이중기준에 깔린 불순한 야망".Korean Central News Agency. RetrievedOctober 28, 2024.
  31. ^Gajanan, Mahita (September 21, 2017)."Kim Jong Un Called President Trump a 'Dotard.' What Does That Mean?".Time. RetrievedJune 23, 2019.
  32. ^Chongryon on preserving national characterArchived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, May 21, 2002.
  33. ^Japanese Reactionaries' Moves to Cover up "Comfort Women" Issue under FireArchived April 13, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, November 6, 2006.
  34. ^"이란이슬람교혁명근위대 이스라엘에 대한 보복의지 강조".Korean Central News Agency. RetrievedNovember 4, 2024.
  35. ^"August 27. 2009 Juche 98". Archived fromthe original on September 3, 2009. RetrievedAugust 4, 2009.
  36. ^All Koreans Urged to Remain True to Idea of "By Our Nation Itself"Archived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, January 9, 2009.
  37. ^abDPRK's Important Days Marked in Foreign CountriesArchived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, March 18, 2008.
  38. ^Reporters without Borders 2005 reportArchived April 13, 2009, at theWayback Machine
  39. ^Meagre media for North KoreansArchived January 15, 2009, at theWayback Machine.BBC News. October 10, 2006.
  40. ^Kim Jong Il Inspects KPA UnitArchived May 22, 2008, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, August 2, 2007.
  41. ^Kim Jong Il's Leadership Praised in Peru and IndiaArchived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, June 30, 2005.
  42. ^Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il LaudedArchived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, January 8, 2009.
  43. ^Floral Basket and Congratulatory Letter to Kim Jong Il from CambodiaArchived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, January 9, 2009.
  44. ^Reception for FM of Myanmar and His PartyArchived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, October 29, 2008.
  45. ^Chinese Art Troupe Gives PerformancesArchived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, October 29, 2008.
  46. ^Many gifts to Kim Il SungArchived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, April 8, 2003.
  47. ^"Agent for Preserving Kimjongilia Developed"Archived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, October 21, 2008.
  48. ^New Kind of Pesticide DevelopedArchived April 12, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, July 3, 2006.
  49. ^Blood-Purifying Finger RingArchived April 13, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, May 18, 2005.
  50. ^Williams, Martyn (December 25, 2011)."State websites raise name of Kim Jong Un".North Korea Tech. Martyn Williams. Archived fromthe original on April 19, 2017. RetrievedApril 28, 2023.
  51. ^Brazilian Center for Study of Juche Idea FormedArchived May 6, 2012, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, June 12, 2011.
  52. ^"KCNA Commentary Blasts S. Korean Mandarin's Hysteric Remarks". KCNA. January 30, 2013.Archived from the original on May 24, 2013. RetrievedJanuary 31, 2013.
  53. ^"Kim Jong Un Elected First Chairman of NDC of DPRK". KCNA. April 13, 2012.Archived from the original on May 10, 2012. RetrievedJanuary 31, 2013.
  54. ^"How to Fight Against North Korea's Fake News?". Osavul.
  55. ^King, Robert."Fake News from Pyongyang! How North Korea is Using the Internet". KEIA. RetrievedJuly 27, 2020.
  56. ^North Korea issues New Year denuclearization pledgeArchived April 13, 2009, at theWayback Machine.Reuters. December 31, 2008.
  57. ^N. Korea Vows to Rebuild Economy in New Year MessageArchived June 9, 2016, at theWayback Machine, the Korea Times, January 1, 2009.
  58. ^"Joint New Year Editorial Issued"Archived May 24, 2013, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, January 1, 2006.
  59. ^"North Korea Demands U.S. Troop Withdrawal"Archived March 10, 2007, at theWayback Machine.Fox News. December 31, 2005.
  60. ^2009 Joint New Year Editorial IssuedArchived March 25, 2009, at theWayback Machine, KCNA, January 1, 2009.
  61. ^North Korea message is mild on USArchived February 17, 2009, at theWayback Machine.BBC News. January 1, 2009.
  62. ^Kim, Sam (January 1, 2010).N. Korea calls for end to enmity with U.S., hints at return to nuclear talksArchived February 26, 2012, at theWayback Machine.Yonhap.
  63. ^"North Korea's Kim Jong-un makes rare new year speech".BBC News. January 1, 2013. RetrievedNovember 8, 2021.
  64. ^Florcruz, Michelle (December 16, 2013)."Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) Deletes Online Archive Of News After Execution Of Jang Song Thaek".International Business Times.Archived from the original on September 7, 2017. RetrievedJuly 23, 2017.
  65. ^Weiser, Martin (October 31, 2016)."On Reading North Korean Media: The Curse of the Web".Sino-NK. Archived fromthe original on September 7, 2017. RetrievedJuly 23, 2017.

Works cited

[edit]
  • Pares, S (2005).A Political and Economic Dictionary of East Asia: An Essential Guide to the Politics and Economics of East Asia. Routledge.ISBN 978-1-85743-258-9.

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