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This is alist of the kings and queens ofPamplona, laterNavarre. Pamplona was the primary name of the kingdom until its union withAragon (1076–1134). However, the territorial designation Navarre came into use as an alternative name in the late tenth century, and the name Pamplona was retained well into the twelfth century.
| Monarchs of the Iberian Peninsula |
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The Íñiguez dynasty are credited with founding the Navarrese kingdom (of Pamplona) in or around 824 when they are said to have risen against an attempt to extendFrankish (Carolingian) authority into the region. The Cordoban sources referred to them as sometimes-rebellious vassals, rather than in the manner used to refer to the Christian realms outside their control. They were supplanted in 905 when an anti-Cordoba coalition placed the succeeding Jiménez dynasty in power.
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Íñigo Arista 824?–851/52 |  | 4 children | 851/52 | |
| García Íñiguez 851/52–882 | .jpg) | son ofÍñigo Arista | Urraca 5 children | 882 |
| Fortún Garcés 882–905 |  | son ofGarcía Íñiguez | Auria 5 children | 922 (deposed 905) |
In 905, a coalition of neighbors forced Fortún Garcés to retire to a monastery, and enthroned in his place a scion of a new dynasty. Under their reign, the name Navarre began to supplant that of Pamplona.
With the assassination of Sancho IV, Navarre was partitioned by his cousinsAlfonso VI of León andSancho Ramírez of Aragón, and the latter made king, leading to more than half a century of Aragonese control.
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sancho V Ramírez 1076–1094 |  | 1042 son ofRamiro I of Aragón andErmesinde of Bigorre | Isabel of Urgel 1065 1 child Felicia of Roucy 1076 3 children | 4 June 1094 Huesca aged approximately 52 |
| Peter 1094–1104 |  | 1068 son ofSancho Ramírez, King of Aragón and Navarre andIsabella of Urgel | Agnes of Aquitaine 1086 2 children Bertha of Aragón 1097 No children | 28 September 1104 Aran Valley aged approximately 36 |
| Alfonso I the Battler 1104–1134 |  | 1073 son ofSancho Ramírez, King of Aragón and Navarre andFelicia of Roucy | Urraca of León 1109 No children | 8 September 1134 Huesca aged approximately 61 |
The death of Alfonso led to a succession crisis in Aragón and the nobles of Navarre took advantage to reestablish an independent monarchy, crowning a grandnephew (through an illegitimate brother) of the assassinated Sancho IV.
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| García Ramírez the Restorer 1134–1150 |  | son ofRamiro Sánchez of Monzón andCristina Rodríguez | Marguerite de l'Aigle 1130 4 children Urraca of León 24 June 1144 2 children | 21 November 1150 Lorca |
| Sancho VI the Wise 1150–1194 |  | 1133 son ofGarcía Ramírez and Marguerite de l'Aigle | Sancha of Castile 1157 6 children | 27 June 1194 Pamplona |
| Sancho VII the Strong 1194–1234 |  | 1157 Tudela son ofSancho VI of Navarre and Sancha of Castile | Constance of Toulouse 1195 No children Clemence (of Hohenstaufen?) aft. 1201 1 son | 7 April 1234 Tudela |
The death of Sancho VII, the last of the Jiménez kings, led to the crown of Navarre being inherited by the son of his sisterBlanche, Countess of Champagne, she having been regent during much of her brother's reign.
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Theobald I the Posthumous 1234–1253 |  | 30 May 1201 Troyes son ofTheobald III of Champagne andBlanche of Navarre | Gertrude of Dagsburg 1220 No children Agnes of Beaujeu 1222 1 child Margaret of Bourbon 1232 6 children | 8 July 1253 Pamplona aged 52 |
| Theobald II the Young 1253–1270 |  | 1238 son ofTheobald I of Navarre andMargaret of Bourbon | Isabelle of France 6 April 1255 No children | 4 December 1270 Trapani aged 32 |
| Henry I the Fat 1270–1274 |  | 1244 son ofTheobald I of Navarre andMargaret of Bourbon | Blanche of Artois 1269 2 children | 22 July 1274 aged 30 |
| Joan I 1274–1305 |  | 14 January 1271 Bar-sur-Seine daughter ofHenry I of Navarre andBlanche of Artois | Philip IV of France 16 August 1284 7 children | 4 April 1305 Château de Vincennes aged 34 |
Henry's unexpected death left his infant daughter Joan as the only heir to the throne. Joan's mother Blanche of Artois served as regent for the next ten years. In 1284 Joan was married to the future Philip IV of France, ending Blanche's regency. Philip assumed the throne of France a year later as "King of France and Navarre".
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death | Claim |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philip I the Fair Philip IV of France 1284–1305 | .jpeg) | 1268 Fontainebleau son ofPhilip III of France andIsabella of Aragon | Joan I of Navarre 16 August 1284 7 children | 29 November 1314 Fontainebleau aged 46 | By the right of his wife, Joan I |
| Louis I the Quarreller Louis X of France 1305–1316 |  | 4 October 1289 Paris son ofPhilip IV of France andJoan I of Navarre | Margaret of Burgundy 21 September 1305 1 child Clementia of Hungary 19 August 1315 1 child | 5 June 1316 Vincennes aged 26 | By the right of his mother, Joan I |
| John I the Posthumous of France 1316 |  | 15 November 1316 Paris son ofLouis X of France andClementia of Hungary | never married | 20 November 1316 Paris 5 days | By the right of his father, Louis X |
| Philip II the Tall Philip V of France 1316–1322 |  | 1292 Lyon son ofPhilip IV of France andJoan I of Navarre | Joan II, Countess of Burgundy 1307 7 children | 3 January 1322 Longchamp aged 29 | By the right of his mother, Joan I |
| Charles I the Fair Charles IV of France 1322–1328 |  | 19 June 1294 Clermont son ofPhilip IV of France andJoan I of Navarre | Blanche of Burgundy 1307 2 children Marie of Luxembourg 1322 2 children Jeanne d'Évreux 1325 3 children | 1 February 1328 Vincennes aged 34 | By the right of his mother, Joan I |
| Joan II 1328–1349 |  | 28 January 1312 Charenton-le-Pont daughter ofLouis X of France andMargaret of Burgundy | Philip III of Navarre 8 children | 6 October 1349 Charenton-le-Pont aged 37 |
|
After the deaths of Louis and his infant son John, his brothers Philip and Charles held the crowns of France and Navarre until their own deaths. At that time, the crown of France passed toPhilip of Valois, a distant cousin who was not descended from Joan I, and the crown of Navarre was allowed to pass to Louis' daughter Joan II, despite her presumed illegitimacy. Joan reigned together with her husband Philip III until his death, and then alone until her own death.
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philip III the Wise (jure uxoris) 1328–1343 |  | 27 March 1306 son ofLouis count of Evreux andMargaret of Artois | Joan II of Navarre 8 children | 16 September 1343 Jerez de la Frontera aged 37 |
| Charles II the Bad 1349–1387 |  | 10 October 1332 Évreux son ofPhilip III of Navarre andJoan II of Navarre | Joan of France 7 children | 1 January 1387 Pamplona aged 54 |
| Charles III the Noble 1387–1425 | .jpg) | 22 July 1361 Nantes son ofCharles II of Navarre andJoan of France | Eleanor of Castile 1375 8 children | 8 September 1425 Olite aged 64 |
| Blanche Ι 1425–1441 |  | 1387 Castile daughter ofCharles III of Navarre andEleanor of Castile | Martin I of Sicily 26 December 1402 1 child John II of Aragon 10 June 1420 4 children | 3 April 1441 Santa María la Real de Nieva aged 56 |
Blanche I reigned together with her husband John II. In 1458, John additionally inherited the crown of Aragon from his older brother; after his death, the Navarrese crown was given to Eleanor, the only living child of him and Blanche, while his Aragonese crown was given toFerdinand II of Aragon, son of John and his second wifeJuana Enríquez.
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John II the Great 1425–1441 (jure uxoris) 1425–1479 (de facto) |  | 29 June 1397 Medina del Campo son ofFerdinand I of Aragon andEleanor of Alburquerque | Blanche 6 November 1419 4 children Juana Enríquez 2 children | 20 January 1479 Barcelona aged 81 |
| Eleanor 1479 | 2 February 1425 Olite daughter ofJohn II of Aragon andBlanche I of Navarre | Gaston IV, Count of Foix 11 children | 12 February 1479 Tudela aged 54 |
After Blanche's death in 1441, John retained the crown of Navarre for himself until he died 38 years later, keeping it from his son and elder daughter,Charles IV andBlanche II. Conflict with his son led to theNavarrese Civil War. Though some of the sources regard Charles and Blanche as the legitimate monarchs, thede facto king of Navarre was still John II. Eleanor did not claim to be the queen until her father's death.
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles IV 1441–1461 (de jure, titular) |  | 29 May 1421 Peñafiel son ofJohn II of Aragon andBlanche I of Navarre | Agnes of Cleves No children | 23 September 1461 Barcelona aged 40 |
| Blanche II 1461–1464 (de jure, titular) | 1424 Olite daughter ofJohn II of Aragon andBlanche I of Navarre | Henry IV of Castile No children | 2 December 1464 Orthez aged 40 |
Eleanor, who had allied with her father against her brother and sister, outlived her father by only three weeks. By that time she was the widow ofGaston IV, Count of Foix, and their oldest sonGaston of Foix, Prince of Viana had also died. She was thus succeeded by her grandson Francis.
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Francis Phoebus 1479–1483 |  | 4 December 1467 son ofGaston of Foix, Prince of Viana, andMagdalena of Valois | never married | 7 January 1483 Pau aged 15 |
| Catherine 1483–1517 |  | 1468 daughter ofGaston of Foix, Prince of Viana, andMagdalena of Valois | John III of Navarre 13 children | 12 February 1517 Mont-de-Marsan aged 49 |
Catherine reigned together with her husband John III. After his death, she reigned alone for eight months until her own death. During their reign, Navarrewas defeated byFerdinand II of Aragon in 1512, resulting in the loss of all its territory south of thePyrenees, including the royal capital ofPamplona. Ferdinand, the son of John II and his second wife and thus the half-brother of Catherine's grandmother Eleanor, was then crowned King of Navarre, and that branch of the title descended through theAragonese andSpanish monarchs. Catherine and John III were left withLower Navarre, that small fraction of the kingdom's former territory that is on the north side of the Pyrenees, which was united with other lands in France that were under their control.
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| John III (jure uxoris) 1484–1516 | .svg) | 1469 son ofAlain I of Albret andFrancoise of Châtillon-Limoges | Catherine of Navarre 13 children | 14 June 1516 Pau aged 47 |
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ferdinand I 1512–1516[1] |  | 1452 son ofJohn II of Navarre andJuana Enríquez | Isabella I of Castile 5 children | 23 January 1516 Madrigalejo aged 63 |
In1530,Charles V decided to renounce definitively any claim toLower Navarre due to the impossibility of controlling it,[2][3] and because it was being effectively ruled byHenry II. However, Charles V and his motherJoana III continued as kings in Upper Navarre.
Catherine and John III were left with that small fraction of the kingdom's former territory that is on the north side of the Pyrenees, which was united with other lands in France that were under their control.
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henry II 1517–1555 |  | 18 April 1503 Sangüesa son ofJohn III of Navarre andCatherine of Navarre | Margaret of Angoulême 1526 2 children | 25 May 1555 Hagetmau aged 52 |
| Joana III 1555–1572 |  | 16 November 1528 Saint-Germain-en-Laye daughter ofHenry II of Navarre andMargaret of Angoulême | Antoine of Navarre 20 October 1548 5 children | 9 June 1572 Paris aged 43 |
Jeanne III reigned together with her husband Antoine until his death, and then alone until her own death. Their son Henry became King of France in 1589, taking possession of the kingdom in 1593 as theFrench Wars of Religion came to a close. Thereafter the crown of Navarre passed to thekings of France. In 1620, the Kingdom was merged into France; however, the French kings continued to use the titleKing of Navarre until 1791, and it was revived again from 1814 to 1830 during theBourbon Restoration.
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antoine (jure uxoris) 1555–1562 |  | 22 April 1518 La Fère,Picardy son ofCharles, Duke of Vendôme, andFrançoise of Alençon | Joan III of Navarre 20 October 1548 5 children | 17 November 1562 Les Andelys,Eure aged 44 |
| Henry III the Great Henry IV of France 1572–1610 |  | 13 December 1553 Pau son ofAntoine of Navarre andJoan III of Navarre | (1)Margaret of France 18 August 1572 no issues (2)Marie de' Medici 17 December 1600 6 children | 14 May 1610 Paris aged 56 |
| Louis II the Just Louis XIII of France 1610–1620 |  | 27 September 1601 Château de Fontainebleau son ofHenry IV of France andMarie de' Medici | Anne of Spain 24 November 1615 6 children | 14 May 1643 Paris aged 41 |
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Louis VII the Desired Louis XVIII of France (1) 1814–1815 (2) 1815–1824 |  | 9 October 1757 Palace of Versailles,Kingdom of France son ofLouis, Dauphin of France andMaria Josepha of Saxony | Marie Josephine of Savoy 14 May 1771 No children | 16 September 1824 Paris,Kingdom of France aged 68 |
| Charles V Charles X of France 1824–1830 July Revolution | .jpg) | 17 November 1755 Palace of Versailles,Kingdom of France son ofLouis, Dauphin of France andMaria Josepha of Saxony | Maria Theresa of Savoy 16 November 1773 4 children | 6 November 1836 Gorizia,Austrian Empire aged 79 |
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joanna III 1516–1555[4][5] |  | 6 November 1479 daughter ofFerdinand I of Navarre andIsabella of Castile | Philip, Duke of Burgundy 6 children | 12 April 1555 Tordesillas aged 75 |
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles IV 1516–1556[6] |  | 24 February 1500 son ofPhilip, Duke of Burgundy andJoanna I of Castile | Isabella of Portugal 3 children | 21 September 1558 Yuste aged 58 |
| Philip IV 1556–1598 |  | 21 May 1527 son ofCharles IV of Navarre andIsabella of Portugal | Maria Manuela of Portugal 1 child Mary I of England No children Elisabeth of Valois 2 children Anna of Austria 3 children | 13 September 1598 Escorial aged 71 |
| Philip V 1598–1621 | .jpg) | 14 April 1578 son ofPhilip IV of Navarra andAnna of Austria | Margaret of Austria 5 children | 31 March 1621 Madrid aged 42 |
| Philip VI 1621–1665 |  | 8 April 1605 son ofPhilip V of Navarra andMargaret of Austria | Elisabeth of Bourbon 2 children Mariana of Austria 2 children | 17 September 1665 Madrid aged 60 |
| Charles V 1665–1700 | %2c_K%25C3%25B6nig_von_Spanien.jpg) | 6 November 1661 son ofPhilip VI of Navarra andMariana of Austria | Marie Louise of Orléans No children Maria Anna of Neuburg No children | 1 November 1700 Madrid aged 38 |
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Juan Martínez de Medrano[13][14][15] forJoan II of Navarre on 13 March 1328 after the death of the lastCapetian King of France[16] | .svg) | 13th Century son ofDon Juan Martinez de Medrano | Aldonza Sánchez, 7 children | May 1337–1338Kingdom of Navarre |
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Garcia de Medrano y Alvarez de los Rios[17] forKing Philip IV of Spain on 17 January 1645 Elected Regent of Navarre[18] | .svg) | Navarre, 1604 son of García de Medrano, Lord of San Gregorio, and María Álvarez de los Ríos y Mendoza | Married to María Ignacia de Mendizábal y Uribe 1 child | 3 September 1683Kingdom of Spain |
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pedro Antonio de Medrano y Albelda[19] forKing Philip V of Spain On 9 May 1702 Elected Regent of Navarre | | 14 Dec 1642 Calahorra, La Rioja, Spain son of Don Pedro de Medrano Echauz and Josepha de Albelda Barron y Tejada | Married to Teresa Josefa Alvarez de Arellano Echauz y Velasco 1 child | December 1721[20]Kingdom of Spain Age 71 |
| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maria Christina of Naples and Sicily for her daughter,Isabella 1833 1833 territorial division of Spain |  | 27 April 1806 daughter ofFrancis I of the Two Sicilies andMaria Isabella of Spain | Ferdinand VII of Spain 2 children | 22 August 1878 Le Havre,French Third Republic aged 72 |
Thede facto rulers of Navarre are the King of Spain for Upper Navarre (currentlyFelipe VI) and the French president for Lower Navarre (currentlyEmmanuel Macron, who is also anex officioco-prince of thePrincipality of Andorra).
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