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Karak Nuh

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Coordinates:33°51′0″N35°55′35″E / 33.85000°N 35.92639°E /33.85000; 35.92639

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the village and area in Lebanon. For other uses of "Karak", seeKarak (disambiguation).

Place in Beqaa, Lebanon

Karak كرك كرك نوح
Karak
Coordinates:33°51′0″N35°55′35″E / 33.85000°N 35.92639°E /33.85000; 35.92639
Country	Lebanon
Governorate	Beqaa
District	Zahlé
Time zone	GMT +2
• Summer (DST)	+3
Area code	(+961) 8

Karak (alsoKerak,Karak Nuh orKarak Noah) (Arabic:كرك,romanized: Karak) is a village in the municipality ofZahlé in theZahle District of theBeqaa Governorate in easternLebanon.^[1] It is located on theBaalbek road close to Zahle. Karak contains a sarcophagus claimed by the locals to be the tomb ofNoah.^[2] The inhabitants of Karak areMelkites,Maronites andShia Muslims.^[3]

History

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The town was an important religious site during theMiddle Ages, drawing devotion from the local rural village communities.^[2] The town was known as al-Karak during the time of theAyyubid dynasty and changed to Karak Nuh under theMamluks.^[4]

Inmedieval period, theShia muhaddith Ahmad bin Tariq bin Sinan (b. 1132) was born in the town. In the mid-13th century, the settlement to the north of Karak Nuh, Bḥaouchiyya, was inhabited byTanukhid emirs fromMount Lebanon who practiced theShia faith.^[5]Karak Nuh gradually became known as a center of learning forShia Islam and the administrative centre of the southernBeqaa. Under theMamluks Karak Nuh served as the administrative center of southern Beqaa.Damascene historianShams al-Din ibn Tulun (1475–1546), who visited the town noted that "its people were famous for their Shia faith".^{[citation needed]}

ASafavid sheikh, Ali al-Karaki, and various dignitaries were born in the town. In 1533–1548, the town was the second largest in the Beqaa valley afterBaalbek, comprising 590 households, allMuslims.^[6] The town was largely devastated in strife between theYunus Harfush andFakhreddine in 1623 and as a result was abandoned for several decades,^[7] with many of its inhabitants moving toJabal Amel.^{[citation needed]}

A major earthquake damaged the town's distinguishingminaret in 1705, which required repair by the 'Alwan family.^[2]

In 1838,Eli Smith notedel-Kerak's population beingMetawileh andCatholics.^[8]

Tomb of Noah

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According to tradition mentioned byal-Mukaddasi andAl-Dimashqi, the tomb of Noah existed in the tenth century and can still be seen. The stone tomb measures around 104.8 feet (31.9 m) long, 8.7 feet (2.7 m) wide and 3.2 feet (0.98 m) high and is covered in a worn green cloth. It is housed in a room measuring 10.1 feet (3.1 m) by 8.1 feet (2.5 m).^[9]^[10]^[11] There is achapel next to thecenotaph building where several inscriptions (decrees) dating to the fourteenth century were found.^[12] There is also a courtyard outside the building with aprayer niche. The size of the monument possibly derives from tales of ancient giants, but is more realistically suggested to be a section of an ancientaqueduct that has been converted to serve as a shrine.^[10]^[13]

Archaeology

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A Roman inscription inLatin dating to the year 84 CE was found in the basement of a house to the south west of the tomb that called for the long life of the"man with many names".^[10]

Locale

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Near to the town is theAyn al-Garr spring andMassyas lake and marshes that are considered to be the source of theLitani river.^[14]

Notable people

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Muhammad al-Harfushi (d. 1649), cloth-maker,Arabic grammarian and poet from Karak Nuh who was persecuted for his Shia faith inDamascus and then moved toIran where he received an official state post
Husayn al-Mujtahid al-Karaki, Shia scholar and maternal descendant of Muhaqqiq al-Karaki, served as Shaykh al-Islām ofQazvin andArdabil

References

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^"Zahleh - Maallaqa - Taanayel".Local Liban. 22 February 2006. Archived fromthe original on 29 September 2021. Retrieved5 October 2020.
^^a ^b ^cWinter, 2010, p.43 ff
^"Municipal and ikhtiariah elections in the Beqa'a 147 municipalities and 414 mokhtars"(PDF).The Monthly Magazine. February 2010. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 4 March 2016.
^Sourdel, D., " Karak Nūḥ." Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Brill Online , 2012. Reference. 3 October 2012
^Yunini, Qutb ad-Din.Dhayl mir'at al zaman.
^Khalife, Issam (2004).The Districts of Lebanon in The 16th Century (in Arabic). p. 125.
^Ḥamādah, Saʻdūn (2008).The History of Shiites in Lebanon, Volume one (in Arabic). Dar Al Khayal.ISBN 9789781025488.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, 2nd appendix, p.143
^Le Strange, 1890, p.480
^^a ^b ^cRoyal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (1871).Journal. p. 323.
^Ḥaddād, 1956, p.x
^Sourdel-Thomine, Janine, 'Inscriptions arabes de Karak Nuh', Bulletin d'Etudes Orientates, 13: 71-84, (1949–51)
^Burton, p.40 ff
^Lipiński, 2000, p.307 ff

Bibliography

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Burton, R. F.A Plain and Literal Translation of the Arabian Nights Entertainments, Vol. 7 of 10: The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night. Forgotten Books.ISBN 978-1-4400-4321-5.
Ḥaddād, Jūrj Marʻī (1956).Baalbak, North & South Lebanon: Description, history and touristic guide. Printed by el-Hashimieh Press.
Le Strange, G. (1890).Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500. Committee of thePalestine Exploration Fund.
Lipiński, E. (2000).The Aramaeans: Their Ancient History, Culture, Religion. Peeters Publishers. p. 307.ISBN 978-90-429-0859-8.
Robinson, E.;Smith, E. (1841).Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 3. Boston:Crocker & Brewster.
Winter, S. (2010).The Shiites of Lebanon under Ottoman Rule, 1516-1788. Cambridge University Press.ISBN 978-0-521-76584-8.

External links

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v t e Zahle District,Beqaa Governorate
Capital:Zahlé
Towns and villages	Ablah Ain Kfar Zabad Ali an Nahri Anjar Barelias Bouarej Chtaura Deir El Ghazal Ferzol Jdita Kafr Zabad Karak Nuh Majdal Anjar Makseh Nabi Ayla Niha Bekaa Qâa er Rîm Qabb Ilyas (=Kabelias) Rayak Saadnayel Taanayel Taalabaya Terbol Zahlé
Other	Aammiq Wetland Hosn Niha Our Lady of Bekaa

v t e Archaeological sites in Lebanon
Aadloun Aaiha Aammiq Aaqbe Ain Aata Ain Choaab Ain Harcha Akbiyeh Akkar plain foothills Al-Bireh Amioun Amlaq Qatih Anjar, Lebanon Antelias cave Apheca Ard Saouda Ard Tlaili Arqa Augusti Pagus Baalbek Baidar ech Chamout Batroumine Batroun Bechamoun Beirut Beit Mery Belat temple Berytus (Roman Beirut) Bustan Birke Byblos Canalizations of Zenobia Dahr El Ahmar Dakoue Deir El Aachayer Deir Al-Ahmar Deir Mar Maroun Dekwaneh Douris (Baalbek) Elaea (Lebanon) Flaoui Fadous Sud Hebbariye Hadeth south Haret ech Cheikh Hashbai Heliopolis in Phoenicia Hermel plains Iaat Jabal es Saaïdé Jbaa Jdeideh Jebel Aabeby Jeita Grotto Joub Jannine Jieh Kafr Zabad Kamid el-Loz Kamouh el Hermel Karak Nuh Kaukaba Kefraya Kafr Tebnit Kfar Qouq Kfarhata Khallet Michte Kharayeb Khirbet El-Knese Kouachra megalith field Ksar Akil Labweh Lake Qaraoun (Ain Jaouze) Libbaya Lion Tower Majdal Anjar Mansourieh Maronite mummies Mayrouba Mdoukha (Jebel Kassir) Moukhtara Mtaileb Nabi Zair Nachcharini Nahle, Lebanon Neba'a Faour Nebi Safa Hosn Niha Phoenician port of Beirut Plain of Zgharta Qaa Qal'at Bustra Qalaat Tannour Qaraoun Qasr el Banat Ras Baalbek I Ras Beirut Ras El Kelb Rashaya Roman Forum of Berytus Roman hippodrome of Berytus Roman temple of Bziza Sands of Beirut Saraain El Faouqa Shheem Sidon Sin el Fil Sarepta Stone of the Pregnant Woman Tahun ben Aissa Taire Tayibe Tell Aalaq Tell Ablah Tell Addus Tell Ahle Tell Ain Cerif Tell Ain el Meten Tell Ain Ghessali Tell Ain Nfaikh Tell Ain Saouda Tell Ain Sofar Tell Ayoub Tell Bar Elias Tell Beshara Tell Bir Dakoue Tell Deir Tell Delhamieh Tell Derzenoun Tell Dibbine Tell el-Burak Tell El Ghassil Tell El Hadeth Tell Fadous Tell Hazzine Tell Hoch Rafqa Tell Karmita Tell Khardane Tell Kirri Tell Jezireh Tell Jisr Tell Kabb Elias Tell Majdaloun Tell Masoud Tell Mekhada Tell Meouchi Tell Mureibit Tell Murtafa Tell Nahariyah Tell Neba'a Chaate Tell Neba'a Litani Tell Qasr Labwe Tell Rasm El Hadeth Tell Rayak Tell Saatiya Tell Safiyeh Tell Saoudhi Tell Serhan Tell Shaikh Hassan al Rai Tell Shamsine Tell Sultan Yakoub Tell Taalabaya Tell Wardeen Tell Zenoub Tell Zeitoun Temnin el-Foka Temple of Bacchus Temple of Eshmun Temple of Jupiter Temple of the Obelisks Toron Tripolis (region of Phoenicia) Tyre Necropolis Tyre Umm al-Amad Wadi Koura Wadi Yaroun Yammoune Yanta Ain W Zain Zahlé

Archaeological sites in Lebanon