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Kadalundi is a village inKozhikode district, Kerala, India. It is a coastal village close to the Arabian Sea. Kadalundi is famous for its bird sanctuary, which is home to various migratory birds during certain seasons and has been recently declared as a bio-reserve. TheKadalundi–Vallikkunnu Community Reserve is the first community reserve in Kerala. TheKadalundi River and theChaliyar river, two of the longest rivers of Kerala, merges with theArabian Sea at Kadalundi. The first railway line in Kerala was laid in 1861 fromTirur toChaliyam throughTanur,Parappanangadi,Vallikkunnu, and Kadalundi.[1]
Kadalundi Kadalku | |
|---|---|
Village | |
.jpg) Kadalundi Town | |
  Kadalundi Location in Kerala, India Show map of Kerala Kadalundi Kadalundi (India) Show map of India | |
| Coordinates:11°8′0″N75°49′0″E / 11.13333°N 75.81667°E /11.13333; 75.81667 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Kerala |
| District | Kozhikode |
| Area | |
• Total | 12 km2 (5 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 42,516 |
| • Density | 3,500/km2 (9,200/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Malayalam,English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 673302 |
| Telephone code | 0495 |
| Vehicle registration | KL-85 |
| Nearest city | Kozhikode |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Kozhikode |
| Climate | Tropical monsoon(Köppen) |
| Avg. summer temperature | 35 °C (95 °F) |
| Avg. winter temperature | 20 °C (68 °F) |
Kadalundi panchayat shares the borders with Kozhikode corporation and feroke municipality.kadalundi is a part of kozhikode urban area master plan.[2][3]
Kadalundi-Chaliyam-Beypore region had trade relations with foreign countries like Rome and Arabia.Tyndis was a major center of trade, next only toMuziris, between the Cheras and theRoman Empire.[4]Pliny the Elder (1st century CE) states that the port ofTyndis was located at the northwestern border ofKeprobotos (Chera dynasty).[5] TheNorth Malabar region, which lies north of the port atTyndis, was ruled by the kingdom ofEzhimala duringSangam period.[6] According to thePeriplus of the Erythraean Sea, a region known asLimyrike began atNaura andTyndis. However thePtolemy mentions onlyTyndis as theLimyrike's starting point. The region probably ended atKanyakumari; it thus roughly corresponds to the present-dayMalabar Coast. The value of Rome's annual trade with the region was estimated at around 50,000,000sesterces.[7]Pliny the Elder mentioned thatLimyrike was prone by pirates.[8] TheCosmas Indicopleustes mentioned that theLimyrike was a source of peppers.[9][10]
According to theLegend of Cheraman Perumals, the first Indian mosque was built in 624 AD atKodungallur with the mandate of the last the ruler (the Cheraman Perumal) ofChera dynasty, who converted to Islam during the lifetime ofMuhammad (c. 570–632).[11][12][13][14] According toQissat Shakarwati Farmad, theMasjids atKodungallur,Kollam, Madayi,Barkur,Mangalore,Kasaragod,Kannur,Dharmadam,Panthalayini, andChaliyam (just opposite to Kadalundi), were built during the era ofMalik Dinar, and they are among the oldestMasjids in theIndian subcontinent.[15] It is believed thatMalik Dinar died atThalangara inKasaragod town.[16]
After the breakdown of the Chera Kingdom dynasty rooted in Kadalundi,Parappanad Kovilakam became the rulers of Kadalundi. They gave permission for the Dutch to build a fort in Kadalundi. Even though the fort collapsed after a war with Zamorians, we can see the remnants in Mulla in Kadalundi. Later the British became the rulers of Kadalundi and they built railway lines up to Chaliyam for the purpose of business. Later when Calicut became the center of trades the railway lines were removed but there are remnants such as the railway well, lighthouse, and forest depot.
Thundi is an ancient seaport and harbor-town north ofMuziris (Muchiri) in theChera Kingdom (Keprobotos), modern dayIndia on theMalabar Coast.[17][18] The exact location of the port is still unknown, modern day Kadalundi,Ponnani,Tanur, andPantalayani Kollam[19] are often identified as Tyndis located in theSangam ageTamil kingdom of theCheras. Tyndis was a major center of trade, next only to Muziris, between the Cheras and theRoman Empire in the early centuries of the Christian era. A branch of the Chera royal family is also said to have established itself at Tyndis. It is also speculated that Tyndis (along with ports such as Naura, Bakare and Nelkynda) operated as a satellite feeding port to Muziris.[4]
Kadalundi was the site of theKadalundi train derailment, which was one of the biggest accidents on theIndian railway network in 2001.
Kadalundi, on the southern bank ofChaliyar river and the northern bank ofKadalundi River, was a part the kingdom ofParappanad during medieval period.[20] The rulers of Parappanad were vassals to theZamorin of Calicut.[21] The headquarters of Parappanad Royal family was the coastal town ofParappanangadi in present-dayMalappuram district.[22] In the 15th century CE,Parappanad Swaroopam was divided into two - Northern Parappanad (Beypore Swaroopam) and Southern Parappanad (Parappur Swaroopam).[21] Kadalundi,Vallikkunnu, andParappanangadi, were included in Southern Parappanad.[20]Beypore,Cheruvannur, andPanniyankara, on northern bank ofChaliyar, became Northern Parappanad.[20]
It is also known the ruler of theKingdom of Tanur (Vettathunadu Swaroopam), had assisted thePortuguese to build a fort at the island ofChaliyam, which was a part of Southern Parappanad, and was destructed during the Battle at Chaliyam fort occurred in 1571.[21] Feroke became a part of theKingdom of Mysore in the late 18th century CE.[21] Following theThird Anglo-Mysore War and the subsequentTreaty of Seringapatam, Kadalundi became a part ofMalabar District underBritish Raj.[21] Kadalundi was included inEranadTaluk in theMalappuram Revenue Division of Malabar District with its Taluk headquarters atManjeri.[23][20][24] Following the formation of the state ofKerala in 1956, Kadalundi became a part ofTirurangadiRevenue block ofTirur Taluk.[22][25] On 16 June 1969,Eranad Taluk, Tirur Taluk, Tirurangadi, and Parappanangadi, were transferred to newly formedMalappuram district.[25] However, three Revenue Villages ofTirur Taluk, namely, Feroke,Ramanattukara, and Kadalundi, remained in Kozhikode district, as they were much closer toKozhikode city centre.[25] However Kadalundi Nagaram beach (whereKadalundi River flows into Arabian Sea, a part ofVallikkunnu Grama Panchayat),Tenhipalam, the centre ofUniversity of Calicut, andKarippur, the site ofCalicut International Airport, became parts of Malappuram.[25] Now Feroke, Ramanattukara, and Kadalundi are parts of Kozhikode Taluk andKozhikode metropolitan area
