Jules Patenôtre des Noyers | |
|---|---|
 | |
| French Ambassador to Spain | |
| In office 1897–1902 | |
| Preceded by | The Marquis of Reverseaux |
| Succeeded by | Jules Cambon |
| French Ambassador to the United States | |
| In office 1891–1897 | |
| Preceded by | Théodore Roustan |
| Succeeded by | Jules Cambon |
| French Minister to the Sultanate of Morocco | |
| In office 1888–1890 | |
| French Minister to China | |
| In office 1884–1886 | |
| Preceded by | Arthur Tricou |
| Succeeded by | Jean Antoine Ernest Constans |
| French Minister to Sweden | |
| In office 1880–1883 | |
| Preceded by | Robert de Tamisier |
| Succeeded by | Charles Le Peletier d'Aunay |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1845-04-20)20 April 1845 Baye, Marne, France |
| Died | 26 December 1925(1925-12-26) (aged 80) Menton,Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France |
| Spouse | |
| Children | Raymond Patenôtre Yvonne Patenôtre |
| Relatives | Jacqueline Thome-Patenôtre(daughter-in-law) |
| Alma mater | École Normale Supérieure |
| Signature | .png) |
Jules Patenôtre des Noyers (20 April 1845 – 26 December 1925) was a Frenchdiplomat.
Patenôtre was born in Baye (Marne) on 20 April 1845. He was the son of Charles Patenôtre (1814–1878) and Hortense Philipponnat (1822–1906). His paternal grandparents were Nicolas Pierre Patenôtre and Marie Justine (née Radet) Patenôtre. His maternal grandparents were Philippe Louis Philipponnat and Rosalie (née Bouché) Philipponnat.[1][2]
Educated at theÉcole Normale Supérieure, he taught for some years in theAlgiers lycée before he joined the diplomatic service in 1871.[1]
He took service from 1873 to 1876 in the North ofPersia. In 1880, he was appointed minister plenipotentiary inStockholm,Sweden, succeedingRobert de Tamisier. He served until 1883 when he was replaced byCharles Le Peletier d'Aunay.[2]
In September 1883 he was named French minister to China and could conduct his most important mission in 1884, when he was sent as to regularize the French dominion in the Vietnamese protectorate state of Annam. TheHarmand Treaty of 25 August 1883 had not been ratified by the French parliament and had upset the Chinese government. Patenôtre left Marseille at the end of April 1884 with a modified version of the treaty drafted by theQuai d'Orsay for signature by the king ofAnnam.[3] At the end of May, he moved to a military vessel near Cap Saint-Jacques, learnt about the end of the Sino-French war and theTientsin Accord of 11 May and received additional instructions from Paris. He arrived inHải Phòng on 26 May and inHuế on 30 May,[4] and started discussions withNguyễn Văn Tường, the Regent.[5] On 6 June 1884, the imperial Chinese seal - a symbol of the vassal status ofAnnam which had been given toGia Long - was melted and thePatenôtre Treaty was signed.[6]
He then proceeded to Shanghai where he arrived on 1 July[7] to settle with China the difficulties which had arisen over the evacuation of the Chinese troops from Tongking. The negotiation failed, and the French admiralSébastien Lespès resumed hostilities against China in August 1884. The next year Patenôtre signed with Li Hongzhang a treaty of peace at Tientsin, by which the French protectorate in Annam and Tongking was recognized, and both parties agreed to remain within their own borders in the future.[8]
From 1888 to 1891, Patenôtre served as Minister Plenipotentiary to theSultanate of Morocco. In 1912, the Sultanate became aFrench protectorate whenSultanAbd al-Hafid signed theTreaty of Fez, following the Frenchmilitary occupation with the invasion ofOujda and thebombardment of Casablanca in 1907.[9]
In December 1891, Patenôtre was presented his credentials inWashington, D.C. as the French Minister to the United States, succeedingThéodore Roustan. Roustan had been appointed the French Ambassador in Madrid, a post Patenôtre himself was appointed several years later.[10] Two years after being in Washington, he was raised to the rank of ambassador. He served as Ambassador until December 1897 when he was transferred to Spain,[11] and presented his letters of recall to PresidentWilliam McKinley.[12] He was succeeded byJules Cambon, a formergovernor-general ofAlgeria.[13]
Like his predecessor Roustan in the United States, he was appointed ambassador to Spain atMadrid in 1897. Roustan had retired from the post in Madrid in 1894 and was succeeded byFrederic Guéau, Marquis of Reverseaux, who was replaced by Patenôtre. Patenôtre was received by theQueen Regent in Madrid on 29 December.[14] While he was Ambassador, theSpanish–American War broke out in 1898, which was resolved by theTreaty of Paris of 1898. He "seconded the efforts of the French Government for the re-establishment of peace at the time of the" War.[15] He was rumoured to have been transferred toConstantinople in 1898, but they were unfounded.[16] He retired in 1902 and was, again, succeeded as Ambassador byJules Cambon in his post.[17][18]
He was appointed a Grand Officer of the Order ofLegion d'Honneur in 1902.[19]
On 27 March 1894, Patenôtre was married to Eleanor Louise "Nellie" Elverson (1870–1953) at 2024 Walnut Street inPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania, the home of her father. The witnesses wereSir Julian Pauncefote, British Ambassador, and PrinceCantacuzino,Russian Ambassador.[20] The sister of James Elverson, Jr., and daughter of publisher James Elverson, Sr. by wife Sallie Duvall (the three of them owners ofThe Philadelphia Inquirer).[21][22] Together, they had two daughters and a son:[23]
Patenôtre died on 26 December 1925 atMenton, acommune in theProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region on theFrench Riviera, close to the Italian border.[15]
![Photograph of his wife, American heiress, Eleanor Elverson, 1895.[30]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=https%3a%2f%2fwikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aEleanor_Elverson.jpg)
![Portrait of his daughter, Yvonne Patenôtre, by Philip de László, 1922[31]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=https%3a%2f%2fwikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aMarquise_de_Castellane_(n%25C3%25A9e_Yvonne_Paten%25C3%25B4tre).jpg)
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Pâtenôtre des Noyers, Jules".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 903.| Diplomatic posts | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | French Minister to Sweden 1880–1883 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | French Minister to China 1884–1886 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | French Minister to Morocco 1888–1890 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | French Minister to the United States 1891–1893 | Succeeded by himself(as Ambassador) |
| Preceded by himself(as Minister) | French Ambassador to the United States 1893–1897 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | French Ambassador to Spain 1897–1902 | Succeeded by |
| International | |
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| National | |
| Other | |
