Ju Zheng Chu Chueh-sheng | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 居正 | |||||||||
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| President of theJudicial Yuan | |||||||||
| In office March 1932 – 1 July 1948 | |||||||||
| President | Lin Sen Chiang Kai-shek | ||||||||
| Preceded by | Wu Chaoshu | ||||||||
| Succeeded by | Wang Ch'ung-hui | ||||||||
| Personal details | |||||||||
| Born | (1876-11-08)November 8, 1876 Huangzhou,Hubei,Qing dynasty | ||||||||
| Died | November 23, 1951(1951-11-23) (aged 75) Taipei,Taiwan | ||||||||
| Nationality | Republic of China | ||||||||
| Political party | Kuomintang | ||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||
| Chinese | 居正 | ||||||||
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Ju Zheng (Wade–Giles:Chü1 Cheng4; November 8, 1876 – November 23, 1951) né Ju Zhijun (居之骏), was a Chinese politician who was a leader in theChinese Nationalist Party, or KMT, in the 1930s and 1940s. As president of theJudicial Yuan, he administered China's court system from 1932 to 1948.[1] He ran in the presidential election of 1948 as the token opponent ofChiang Kai-shek. He was also known by hiscourtesy name Juesheng (Chueh-sheng, 覺生 / 觉生).
Ju was born in Guangji, Huangzhou in Hubei Province (modernWuxue city) on November 8, 1876. He joined theTongmenghui, a revolutionary party founded bySun Yat-sen, while studying law atNihon University inJapan in 1907. Later, he worked for Chinese-language newspapers in Rangoon and Singapore. He returned to China to work for an anti-Qing revolutionary faction in Hubei. In 1912, he was briefly vice minister of the interior in theProvisional Government in Nanjing with Sun as president. He was commander of the Woosung Forts north of Shanghai during theSecond Revolution in July 1913. In 1916, he led an uprising againstYuan Shikai in Shandong and briefly captured the city ofWeixian. In 1921, Sun appointed him interior minister for the Nationalist administration in Guangzhou.[1]
Ju was a founding member of theWestern Hills Group, formed after Sun died in 1925. This group opposed communist influence in the KMT. Ju was appointed president of the Judicial Yuan by Chiang in 1932. This was one of the five branches of government in the KMT system. In the presidential election of April 20, 1948, Ju was persuaded to oppose Chiang's candidacy and received 10 percent of the vote in the National Assembly, with Chiang elected overwhelmingly.[2] After he resigned as president of the Judicial Yuan on July 1, 1948, Ju was appointed to theControl Yuan, an auditing board. When the KMT was defeated by the Chinese Communists in 1949, Ju fled to Taiwan.[1]
Ju co-founded Tamkang College of English, nowTamkang University, in Taipei in 1950[3] as the first Director of the Board whenChang Ming [zh], his son-in-law and ex-president of Tamkang Middle School[4] consulted him to establish a higher education facility in Taiwan. He died on November 23, 1951. Ju Haoran, his son, succeeded him as president of Tamkang.[3] November 8, Ju's birthday, is marked annually as the school's founding day. The school's Chueh Sheng Memorial Library is named in his honor.[5]
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