John Bathe (1536-1586) was an Irish lawyer and statesman of the sixteenth century. He held several important offices, including that of Attorney General for Ireland andChancellor of the Exchequer of Ireland. He was a member of a prominent landowning family fromCounty Dublin, and himself added to the family estates. His children included the JesuitWilliam Bathe, who was a notedmusicologist.
He was the only son ofJames Bathe,Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer (died 1570) and his second wife Elizabeth, daughter of John Burnell ofBalgriffin, and widow of Robert Barnewall ofDrimnagh. Despite some suspicions about his loyalty during the Rebellion ofSilken Thomas, the elder Bathe became a trusted servant of the English Crown who held high judicial office for 30 years. Like his son, he adhered publicly to theChurch of Ireland but was generally believed to be aRoman Catholic at heart.
The Bathes were a junior branch of a long-establishedCounty Meath family (other branches of which were settled at Kingstown andAthcarne Castle). They are recorded at Rathfeigh since the 1360s. James became a major landowner in Dublin; he held Drimnagh Castle by right of his father's marriage to the previous owner's widow, and began the building ofDrumcondra Castle, which his son completed.Drumcondra House, which is now part ofAll Hallows College, is located on the site of the old Castle, and a tablet survives there referring to John Bathe and his first wife Eleanor Preston as the builders of the Castle. An earlierJohn Bathe, who held office asChief Justice of the Irish Common Pleas 1554-9, was a cousin. Richard Burnell, a successful English barrister and MP forLondon, was a family connection through John's mother, and referred to John Bathe as "my brother". Richard left John his law books at his death in 1558, "on condition that he continues his legal studies".
John was studying law atLincoln's Inn in 1560, with the help of thelegacy from his cousin Richard Burnell, and wascalled to the Bar there. He returned to Ireland to take up his profession. He had some difficulty at first in building up a successful legal practice, but from the late 1560s onward his career advanced rapidly: he becamePrincipal Solicitor for Ireland in 1570 andAttorney-General for Ireland in 1574. The office of Principal Solicitor then lapsed. In 1576 he was appointed to a powerful royal commission to inquire into "concealed lands" in several counties, formerly held bymonasteries andattainted persons.
His career suffered a check when theLord Deputy of Ireland, SirHenry Sidney, adopted a policy of appointing only Protestant judges and law officers: Bathe, who was well known to incline privately to Catholicism, was removed from office in 1577. This was only a temporary setback and the following year he was appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer, an office which he held until his death.
Apart perhaps from Sir Henry Sidney, all the English-born officials in Ireland who worked with him seem to have admired and respected Bathe, particularly SirJohn Perrot, with whom he enjoyed a close friendship, and whose harsh treatment of the Old Irish he is said to have alleviated. His personal kindness is shown by hiswill, in particular by abequest to build ahospital for poor men at Balgriffin.
In contrast to his father, who had been under something of a cloud in the 1530s at the time of the Silken Thomas rebellion, John was never suspected of any inclination to rebellion. Although the rebelWilliam Nugent was a close relative by marriage, Bathe, unlike some of his family, took no part in his uprising. He adhered publicly to the Church of Ireland, but his private loyalty to the Roman Catholic faith was no secret: his second wife Jenet was an open Catholic, and his children, two of whom becameCatholic priests, were clearly raised in that faith. Jenet's zeal for the Catholic faith was a matter of some concern to the Crown, and she was kept under discreet surveillance for many years.
He was renowned for his remarkable skill in adding to the family estates: he successfully claimed in right of his mother, Elizabeth Burnell, the former lands of theBurnell family at Balgriffin andChapelizod. He also acquired land atClonturk,Ballybough andGlasnevin, and further afield in Meath and Kildare. It has been argued in his defence that Bathe was not motivated by personal greed, but by the wish to provide generously for his large family.
He married firstly Eleanor Preston, daughter of Jenico Preston, 3rdViscount Gormanston and his wife Lady Catherine FitzGerald, daughter ofGerald FitzGerald, 9th Earl of Kildare and had, as well as a daughter, two sons:
Their father married secondly Jenet Finglas, daughter of Patrick Finglas of Westphailstown, County Dublin. They had five children, of whom the most notable was:
Bathe's widow remarriedSir William Warren, a noted soldier and close ally ofHugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, by whom she had several daughters, and after Warren's death, she married thirdlyTerence O'Dempsey, 1st Viscount Clanmalier, but had no further issue.
Jenet and Warren are generally believed to have arranged Hugh O'Neill's much-discussed third marriage to Mabel Bagenal, which took place at Drumcondra Castle in 1591. Jenet died in 1627; her third husband outlived her by some years, and died in about 1638.
| Legal offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Attorney-General for Ireland 1574-1577 | Succeeded by |