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Jay

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A number of bird species in the crow family

For other uses, seeJay (disambiguation).

"Jay (bird)" redirects here. For other uses, seejay bird (disambiguation).

Jay

Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Superfamily:	Corvoidea
Family:	Corvidae
Genera
Garrulus Podoces Ptilostomus Perisoreus Aphelocoma Gymnorhinus Cyanocitta Calocitta Cyanocorax Cyanolyca

Ajay is a member of a number ofspecies of medium-sized, usually colorful and noisy,passerine birds in thecrow family,Corvidae. The evolutionary relationships between the jays and themagpies are rather complex. For example, theEurasian magpie seems more closely related to theEurasian jay than to theEast Asian blue andgreen magpies, whereas theblue jay is not closely related to either. The Eurasian jay distributes oak acorns, contributing to the growth of oak woodlands over time.

Systematics and species

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Jays are not amonophyletic group. Anatomical and molecular evidence indicates they can be divided into aNew World and anOld World lineage (the latter including theground jays and thepiapiac), while the grey jays of the genusPerisoreus form a group of their own.^[1] Theblack magpies, formerly believed to be related to jays, are classified astreepies.

Old World ("brown") jays

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Image	Genus	Living species
	GarrulusBrisson, 1760	Eurasian jay,Garrulus glandarius Lanceolated jay,Garrulus lanceolatus Lidth's jay,Garrulus lidthi
	PodocesFischer von Waldheim, 1821 - Ground jays	Mongolian ground jay,Podoces hendersoni Xinjiang ground jay,Podoces biddulphi Pleske's ground jay,Podoces pleskei Turkestan ground jay,Podoces panderi
	PtilostomusSwainson, 1837	Piapiac,Ptilostomus afer

Grey jays

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Image	Genus	Living species
	PerisoreusBonaparte, 1831 - Grey jays	Siberian jay,Perisoreus infaustus Sichuan jay,Perisoreus internigrans Canada jay, gray jay, grey jay, or whiskeyjackPerisoreus canadensis

New World jays

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Image	Genus	Living species
	AphelocomaCabanis, 1851 - Scrub-jays	Florida scrub-jay,Aphelocoma coerulescens Island scrub-jay,Aphelocoma insularis California scrub-jay,Aphelocoma californica Woodhouse's scrub-jay,Aphelocoma woodhouseii Transvolcanic jay,Aphelocoma ultramarina Mexican jay,Aphelocoma wollweberi Unicolored jay,Aphelocoma unicolor
	GymnorhinusWied-Neuwied, 1841	Pinyon jay,Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus
	CyanocittaStrickland, 1845	Steller's jay,Cyanocitta stelleri Blue jay,Cyanocitta cristata
	CalocittaG.R. Gray, 1841 - Magpie-jays	Black-throated magpie-jay,Calocitta colliei White-throated magpie-jay,Calocitta formosa
	CyanocoraxF. Boie, 1826	Tufted jay,Cyanocorax dickeyi Black-chested jay,Cyanocorax affinis Green jay,Cyanocorax ynca Brown jay,Cyanocorax morio Bushy-crested jay,Cyanocorax melanocyaneus San Blas jay,Cyanocorax sanblasianus Yucatan jay,Cyanocorax yucatanicus Purplish-backed jay,Cyanocorax beecheii Purplish jay,Cyanocorax cyanomelas Azure jay,Cyanocorax caeruleus Violaceous jay,Cyanocorax violaceus Curl-crested jay,Cyanocorax cristatellus Azure-naped jay,Cyanocorax heilprini Cayenne jay,Cyanocorax cayanus Plush-crested jay,Cyanocorax chrysops White-naped jay,Cyanocorax cyanopogon White-tailed jay,Cyanocorax mystacalis
	CyanolycaCabanis, 1851	Black-collared jay,Cyanolyca armillata Turquoise jay,Cyanolyca turcosa White-collared jay,Cyanolyca viridicyana Azure-hooded jay,Cyanolyca cucullata Beautiful jay,Cyanolyca pulchra Black-throated jay,Cyanolyca pumilo Dwarf jay,Cyanolyca nana Silvery-throated jay,Cyanolyca argentigula White-throated jay,Cyanolyca mirabilis

In culture

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Slang

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The wordjay has an archaic meaning in American slang meaning a person who chatters impertinently.^[2]^[3]

The termjaywalking was coined in the first decade of the 1900s to label persons crossing a busy street carelessly and becoming a traffic hazard.^[4] The term began to imply recklessness or impertinent behavior as the convention became established.^[5]

In January 2014, Canadian authorRobert Joseph Greene embarked on a lobbying campaign among ornithologists in Europe and North America to get Merriam-Websters Dictionary to have a "Jabber of Jays" as an official term under bird groups.^[6]^[7]

References

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^Ericson, Per G. P.; Jansén, Anna-Lee; Johansson, Ulf S.; Ekman, Jan (May 2005). "Inter-generic relationships of the crows, jays, magpies and allied groups (Aves: Corvidae) based on nucleotide sequence data".Journal of Avian Biology.36 (3):222–234.CiteSeerX 10.1.1.493.5531.doi:10.1111/j.0908-8857.2001.03409.x.http://www.nrm.se/download/18.4e32c81078a8d9249800021299/Corvidae%5B1%5D.pdf Archived 2017-08-10 at theWayback Machine PDF fulltext
^"Jay". freedictionary.com.An overly talkative person; a chatterbox.
^"Definition of Jay by Merriam-Webster". Merriam-Webster, Inc. 26 October 2024.
^"Definition of Jaywalker by Merriam-Webster". Merriam-Webster, Inc. 28 August 2024.
^"jay-walker".Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.).Oxford University Press. (Subscription orparticipating institution membership required.)
^"Writer lobbies for new word to describe jays".Vancouver Courier. January 2, 2014. RetrievedJanuary 2, 2014.
^"British Ornithologists' Union: What say ye countrymen to a jabber of jays?".Community News. January 6, 2014. RetrievedJanuary 6, 2014.

External links

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"Blue Jay -Cyanocitta cristata videos".The Internet Bird Collection + The Macaulay Library.
Texts on Wikisource:
- "Jay".Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921.
- "Jays".Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.
- "Jay".The New Student's Reference Work. 1914.
- Newton, Alfred (1911). "Jay".Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.).
- "Jay".New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
- Newton, Alfred (1881). "Jay".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (9th ed.).

Extant species of familyCorvidae

Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Chordata
Class:Aves
Order:Passeriformes

FamilyCorvidae

Choughs

Pyrrhocorax	Alpine chough (P. graculus) Red-billed chough (P. pyrrhocorax)

Treepies

Crypsirina	Hooded treepie (C. cucullata) Black racket-tailed treepie (C. temia)
Dendrocitta	Andaman treepie (D. bayleyi) Bornean treepie (D. cinerascens) Grey treepie (D. formosae) Black-faced treepie (D. frontalis) White-bellied treepie (D. leucogastra) Sumatran treepie (D. occipitalis) Rufous treepie (D. vagabunda)
Platysmurus	Malayan black magpie (P. leucopterus) Bornean black magpie (P. aterrimus)
Temnurus	Ratchet-tailed treepie (T. temnurus)

Oriental
magpies

Cissa	Common green magpie (C. chinensis) Indochinese green magpie (C. hypoleuca) Bornean green magpie (C. jefferyi) Javan green magpie (C. thalassina)
Urocissa	Taiwan blue magpie (U. caerulea) Red-billed blue magpie (U. erythrorhyncha) Yellow-billed blue magpie (U. flavirostris) Sri Lanka blue magpie (U. ornata) White-winged magpie (U. whiteheadi)

Old Worldjays

Garrulus	Eurasian jay (G. glandarius) Lanceolated jay (G. lanceolatus) Lidth's jay (G. lidthi)
Podoces (Ground jays)	Xinjiang ground jay (P. biddulphi) Mongolian ground jay (P. hendersoni) Turkestan ground jay (P. panderi) Iranian ground jay (P. pleskei)
Ptilostomus	Piapiac (P. afer)

Stresemann's
bushcrow

Zavattariornis	Stresemann's bushcrow (Z. stresemanni)

FamilyCorvidae(continued)

Nutcrackers

Nucifraga	Spotted nutcracker (N. caryocatactes) Clark's nutcracker (N. columbiana) Kashmir nutcracker (N. multipunctata)

Holarctic
magpies

Pica	Black-billed magpie (P. hudsonia) Yellow-billed magpie (P. nuttalli) Eurasian magpie (P. pica) Oriental magpie (P. serica) Maghreb magpie (P. mauritanica) Asir magpie (P. asirensis) Black-rumped magpie (P. bottanensis)

Truecrows

Corvus

Australian andMelanesian species: Little crow (C. bennetti); Australian raven (C. coronoides); Bismarck crow (C. insularis); Brown-headed crow (C. fuscicapillus); Bougainville crow (C. meeki); Little raven (C. mellori); New Caledonian crow (C. moneduloides); Torresian crow (C. orru); Forest raven (C. tasmanicus); Grey crow (C. tristis); Long-billed crow (C. validus); White-billed crow (C. woodfordi)

Pacific island species: Hawaiian crow (C. hawaiiensis); Mariana crow (C. kubaryi)

Tropical Asian species: Slender-billed crow (C. enca); Small crow (C. samarensis); Palawan crow (C. pusillus); Flores crow (C. florensis); Large-billed crow (C. macrorhynchos); Eastern jungle crow (C. levaillantii); Indian jungle crow (C. culminatus); House crow (C. splendens); Collared crow (C. torquatus); Piping crow (C. typicus); Banggai crow (C. unicolor); Violet crow (C. violaceus)

Eurasian andNorth African species: Mesopotamian crow (C. capellanus); Hooded crow (C. cornix); Carrion crow (C. corone); Rook (C. frugilegus); Eastern carrion crow (C. orientalis); Fan-tailed raven (C. rhipidurus); Brown-necked raven (C. ruficollis)

Holarctic species: Common raven (C. corax)

North andCentral American species: American crow (C. brachyrhynchos); Chihuahuan raven (C. cryptoleucus); Tamaulipas crow (C. imparatus); Jamaican crow (C. jamaicensis); White-necked crow (C. leucognaphalus); Cuban palm crow (C. minutus); Cuban crow (C. nasicus); Fish crow (C. ossifragus); Hispaniolan palm crow (C. palmarum); Sinaloan crow (C. sinaloae)

Tropical African species: White-necked raven (C. albicollis); Pied crow (C. albus); Cape crow (C. capensis); Thick-billed raven (C. crassirostris); Somali crow (C. edithae)

Jackdaws

Coloeus	Daurian jackdaw (C. dauuricus) Western jackdaw (C. monedula)

FamilyCorvidae(continued)

Azure-winged
magpies

Cyanopica	Iberian magpie (C. cooki) Azure-winged magpie (C. cyanus)

Greyjays

Perisoreus	Canada jay (P. canadensis) Siberian jay (P. infaustus) Sichuan jay (P. internigrans)

New Worldjays

Aphelocoma (Scrub jays)	California scrub jay (A. californica) Island scrub jay (A. insularis) Woodhouse's scrub jay (A. woodhouseii) Florida scrub jay (A. coerulescens) Transvolcanic jay (A. ultramarina) Unicolored jay (A. unicolor) Mexican jay (A. wollweberi)
Calocitta (Magpie-Jays)	Black-throated magpie-jay (C. colliei) White-throated Magpie-jay (C. formosa)
Cyanocitta	Blue jay (C. cristata) Steller's jay (C. stelleri)
Cyanocorax	Black-chested jay (C. affinis) Purplish-backed jay (C. beecheii) Azure jay (C. caeruleus) Cayenne jay (C. cayanus) Plush-crested jay (C. chrysops) Curl-crested jay (C. cristatellus) Purplish jay (C. cyanomelas) White-naped jay (C. cyanopogon) Tufted jay (C. dickeyi) Azure-naped jay (C. heilprini) Bushy-crested jay (C. melanocyaneus) Brown jay (C. morio) White-tailed jay (C. mystacalis) San Blas jay (C. sanblasianus) Violaceous jay (C. violaceus) Green jay (C. ynca) Yucatan jay (C. yucatanicus)
Cyanolyca	Silvery-throated jay (C. argentigula) Black-collared jay (C. armillata) Azure-hooded jay (C. cucullata) White-throated jay (C. mirabilis) Dwarf jay (C. nana) Beautiful jay (C. pulchra) Black-throated jay (C. pumilo) Turquoise jay (C. turcosa) White-collared jay (C. viridicyana)
Gymnorhinus	Pinyon jay (G. cyanocephalus)

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