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CountOtto Heinrich Igelström (Swedish:Otto Henrik Igelström;Russian:Иосиф Андреевич Игельстром,romanized: Iosif Andreyevich Igelstrom; 7 May 1737 – 18 February 1823) was a Russian general from thenoble Swedish family ofIgelström, best known for his services during theCatherinian reign. His significant military victory was thesiege of the Akkerman fortress in 1770. During the impressiveWarsaw Uprising of 1794 Igelström lost control of his eventually defeated forces.[1]
Otto Heinrich Igelström, son ofLandmarschall (Country Marshal) in theGovernorate of LivoniaFreiherr Gustaf Henrik Igelström and Margarethe Elisabeth von Albedyll, was born on 7 May 1737 inGargždai (nowLithuania). He was educated inRiga andGermany.
In 1753, Otto enteredmilitary service in Russia, participated in theRusso-Turkish War of 1768–1774, havingtaken Akkerman. In 1773, he participated in the failedsiege of Silistra. In 1777, he became lord ofUnipiha manor (German:Unnipicht) and in 1781, lord ofMeeri manor (German:Meyershof) inLivonia (now inNõo Parish,Estonia). In 1784, he commanded Russian troops inCrimea and took the lastCrimean khanŞahin Giray prisoner. He participated inRusso-Swedish War of 1788–1790 and was involved in a botchedbattle of Pardakoski–Kärnakoski of 30 April 1790initiated byIvan Saltykov. Igelström was empowered to sign theTreaty of Värälä on behalf ofRussian Empire in 1790. After that, he was the general en chef and commander of theFinland Corps. In 1784 to 1792, Otto was the governor-general ofSiberia andUfa governorates. In 1792, he was grantedRussian nobility title and was made the governor-general ofPskov Governorate. In 1793, he took the same position of theKiev andChernigov governorates.
In 1794, Otto was appointed ambassador toWarsaw and the commander of Russian troops inPoland–Lithuania. For his failure in suppressing theWarsaw Uprising of 1794 he was demoted. He was infantry general since 1796.Paul I of Russia took him into service in the rank of infantry general and appointed the governor-general toOrenburg Governorate in 1797.
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