'Illar | |
|---|---|
| Arabic transcription(s) | |
| • Arabic | عِلار |
 | |
  'Illar Location of 'Illar withinPalestine | |
| Coordinates:32°22′13″N35°06′27″E / 32.37028°N 35.10750°E /32.37028; 35.10750 | |
| Palestine grid | 160/197 |
| State | State of Palestine |
| Governorate | Tulkarm |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| Area | |
• Total | 13,981 dunams (14 km2 or 5 sq mi) |
| Population (2017)[1] | |
• Total | 7,456 |
| • Density | 530/km2 (1,400/sq mi) |
| Name meaning | from personal name[2] |
'Illar (Arabic:عِلار) is aPalestinian town in theTulkarm Governorate in the northernWest Bank, located 10 kilometers northeast ofTulkarm, and 25 kilometers east of theIsraeli city ofNetanya. It is bordered byAttil to the west,Kafr Ra'i to the east, and theIsraeli settlement ofHermesh to the north. According to thePalestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, 'Illar had a population of approximately 7,456 inhabitants in 2017.[1] 6.6% of the population of 'Illar were refugees in 1997.[3] The healthcare facilities for the surrounding villages are based in 'Illar, the facilities are designated as MOH level 2.[4]
Pottery remains from theIron Age II,Hellenistic, early and lateRoman,Byzantine,early Islamic period and the Middle Ages have been found here.[5]
The ancient settlement's cemetery was in use from the Iron Age on into the Byzantine period; anIron Age II burial cave was discovered there, displaying tworock-cut rooms that were likely used by an extended family from the 10th to 8th century BCE.[6]
An ancient inscription written in theHebrew alphabet was also found in 'Illar. The inscription states ‘Tomb of Menashe ben Yannai’. Scholars believe it marked the site of aJewish orSamaritan tomb dating from the lateSecond Temple period, possibly to the time ofHerod.[7][8][6]
In 1200, during theCrusader era, it was known asAllar.[5] In 1265, it was mentioned among the estates which SultanBaibars granted hisamirs after he had expelled theCrusaders.[5] The whole of Illar was given to hisemirSaif al-Din Qushtimur al-'Ajami.[9]
Illar, like the rest ofPalestine, was incorporated into theOttoman Empire in 1517, and in thecensus of 1596 it was a part of thenahiya ("subdistrict") of Jabal Sami, part of theSanjak of Nablus. The village had a population of 41 households, allMuslim. The villagers paid a fixed tax-rate of 33,3% on agricultural products, such as wheat, barley, summer crops, olive trees, beehives and/or goats, in addition tojizya and miscellaneous; a total of 5,074akçe. All of the revenue went to aWaqf.[10]
In 1838 'Ellar was noted as a village in theesh-Sharawiyeh esh-Shurkiyeh (the Eastern) district, north of Nablus.[11]
In 1870/1871 (1288AH), an Ottoman census listed the village in thenahiya (sub-district) of al-Sha'rawiyya al-Gharbiyya.[12]
In 1882, thePEF'sSurvey of Western Palestine described it as "a small village on the side of a hill, with olives and wells."[13]
In the1922 census of Palestine conducted by theBritish Mandate authorities,Allar had a population of 835, all Muslims,[14] increasing in the1931 census to 1047 Muslims, in 268 houses.[15]
In the1945 statistics the population of Illar was 1,450, all Muslims,[16] with 13,981dunams of land according to an official land and population survey.[17] 4,432 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 5,431 used for cereals,[18] while 33 dunams were built-up (urban) land.[19]
In the wake of the1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the1949 Armistice Agreements, Illar came underJordanian rule.
In 1961, the population of Illar was 2,499.[20]
Since theSix-Day War in 1967, Illar has been underIsraeli occupation.
AfterOslo II Accord in 1995, Illar was placed underArea A of the West Bank under security and civil administration of thePalestinian National Authority.[citation needed]
