Ilam इलाम Charkhola | |
|---|---|
Municipality | |
 Lush Green Tea Gardens are what makes Ilam district popular. | |
| Motto(s): Clean, Prosperous, Cultured Ilam | |
  Ilam Location in Koshi province Show map of Koshi Province Ilam Ilam (Nepal) Show map of Nepal | |
| Coordinates:26°54′30″N87°55′35″E / 26.90833°N 87.92639°E /26.90833; 87.92639 | |
| Country |  Nepal |
| Province | Koshi Province |
| District | Ilam District |
| Established as Gauda | 1818 (1875 BS) |
| Established as Municipality | 1958 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Kedar Thapa (NC) |
| • Deputy Mayor | Bishnu Kumari Limbu (NC) |
| Area | |
• Total | 173.32 km2 (66.92 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,627 m (5,338 ft) |
| Population (2021) | |
• Total | 50,085 |
| • Density | 290/km2 (750/sq mi) |
| • Ethnicities | |
| • Religions | KiratismHinduism andBuddhist |
| Time zone | UTC+5:45 (NST) |
| Postal Code | 57300 |
| Area code | 027 |
| Language | Limbu,Nepali andEnglish |
| Website | ilammun |
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Ilam (Nepali:इलामListenⓘ) is one of four urban municipalities ofIlam District, which lies in theMahabharata hilly range ofKoshi Province, easternNepal. Ilam also acts as the headquarters of Ilam District. Being the largest producer region forNepali tea, its tea farms are a major tourist attraction in Koshi Province. Ilam is also famous for its natural scenery and landscapes as well as its diverse agricultural economy which specializes in horticultural crop production.[1]
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The total area of the municipality is 173.32 square kilometres (66.92 sq mi) and the total population is 48,536 as per the2011 Nepal census. The municipality is divided into 12 wards.[2] The 74 kilometer section ofMechi highway connects Ilam with theeast–west highway and subsequently, with the provincial capital ofBiratnagar.
Ilam (Ilam Bazar; the core area) was established as the headquarters ofIlam Gauda in 1818 (1875 BS)[3] and was declared as "Ilam Municipality" in 1958[3] but gazetted to "Nepal Rajpatra" only in 1962.
During thePanchayat System in Nepal (in 1960), the municipality used to be known asIlam Nagar Panchayat.[3]
In 1990, following the end of the Panchayat System, Ilam regained its official name ofIlam Municipality. The total area of the municipality was 30.91 square kilometres (11.93 sq mi) with division into nine wards, and the total population of the municipality as of 2007 was 34,648.[3]
In 2015, with the amendment of the newConstitution of Nepal,Godak,Soyak,Barbote, part ofMaipokhariSumbek,Puwamajhuwa, part ofSangrumba, part ofSiddhithumka andSakhejungVillage Development Committee were incorporated to it.[2]
The word ‘Ilam’ comprises two words-‘I’ and ‘Lam’. InLimbu language, the word ‘I’ means ‘winding’ and ‘lam’ denotes the way. The topography of this Ilam aptly depicts several winding paths crisscrossing.
According to2011 Nepal census, the total population in Ilam was 48,563 and the main inhabitants of Ilam wereLimbu,Rai,Yakkha,Lepcha,Newar,Magar,Tamang,Chettri,Bahun,Sunuwar andGurung.[citation needed] The population of the municipality rose to 50,085 at the2021 Nepal census. 99.7% of the residents wereNepali citizens and 86.7% wereliterate in 2021.[4]
Ilam has many educational institutions. Ilam's major campus isMahendra Ratna Multiple Campus, a first QAA[5] certified constituent campus ofTribhuvan University. It has four faculties; Science, Humanities, Education, and Commerce. It provides education in undergraduate and post graduation subjects. From 2069 BS (2012 AD) under the affiliation from Tribhuvan University, theInstitute of Agriculture and Animal Science, MRM Campus has started offering bachelor's degrees in Science in Horticulture. In addition to students from Ilam district, students fromJhapa,Morang,Sunsari, Panchthar, Taplejung, Dhankuta,Kathmandu, Janakpur, Pokhara, Chitwan, Banke, Gorkha, Lamjung, Rupandehi are here to study horticulture.
There are other institutes which provide higher education such as Adarhsa HSS, Modern Campus, Ilam Technical college, Heritage National Academy, Ilam Vidya Mandir. Green Valley Academy which provides secondary level education is regarded as one of the best schools in eastern Nepal due to its high-ranking SLC result.[citation needed]
Ilam Bazaar is located about 700 km (430 mi) east ofKathmandu. Regular buses are available from New Buspark,Koteshwor and Kalanki ofKathmandu which takes to Ilam after a bus ride of about 16 hours. An airport is under construction atSukilumba Danda.
Daily Bus/Bolero is available from Ilam to Taplejung, Phidim, Birtamod, Chandragadhi, Kakarbhitta, Siliguri (West Bengal), Pashupatinagar,Damak,Itahari, Dharan andBiratnagar. A new buspark is being constructed at Sera. Besides these, Bus/Bolero also goes to all the VDCs of Ilam district.
Tea production in Ilam (asNepal tea) started as early as 1863, when the Chinese government offered then Prime MinisterJung Bahadur Rana tea saplings that were then planted in Ilam. In 1868, the Ilam tea factory was established, and tea plantations covered over 135 acres of land. In 2010, the tea factory was privatized, and is currently not under operation.[6] However, tea production continues in Ilam in other forms. Many local people gets employment from this.
In 2010, the total tea production of Nepal is 16.23 million kilograms per annum; a majority of this amount is produced in Ilam.[7]
New Hotels are being opened in Ilam for tourism. Ilam is known for its six "A"s: areAlu (Potato),Alan (Milk),Alainchi (Cardamom),Aduwa (Ginger),Amriso (Broom Grass), andAkabare khursani (Round Chillies). Alongside these tea, bamboo, flowers and silk are also produced in Ilam. Agricultural commodities helps to increase the Agricultural Gross Development Product. Beside these, the tourism sector also contributes in the economy of Ilam.
Ilam bazaar has gothaat on Sundays and Thursdays every week.
It is cold in Ilam during the winter, mild in summer and foggy in the monsoon season.[citation needed]
| Climate data for Ilam (Ilam Tea Estate), elevation 1,300 m (4,300 ft), (1976–2005) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 16.1 (61.0) | 17.9 (64.2) | 22.0 (71.6) | 24.9 (76.8) | 25.2 (77.4) | 25.5 (77.9) | 24.8 (76.6) | 25.2 (77.4) | 24.7 (76.5) | 23.6 (74.5) | 21.2 (70.2) | 18.0 (64.4) | 22.4 (72.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 9.2 (48.6) | 10.6 (51.1) | 14.2 (57.6) | 16.8 (62.2) | 18.0 (64.4) | 19.7 (67.5) | 19.8 (67.6) | 20.0 (68.0) | 19.1 (66.4) | 17.2 (63.0) | 14.2 (57.6) | 11.0 (51.8) | 15.8 (60.5) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 13.6 (0.54) | 16.3 (0.64) | 24.9 (0.98) | 61.6 (2.43) | 132.5 (5.22) | 295.8 (11.65) | 466.7 (18.37) | 366.2 (14.42) | 229.9 (9.05) | 73.4 (2.89) | 12.6 (0.50) | 10.4 (0.41) | 1,709.3 (67.30) |
| Source: Agricultural Extension in South Asia[8] | |||||||||||||
Ilam municipality is also known for its innovations in environmentalism. In 2010, the municipality became the first one in Nepal to ban plastic bags from the market, this is the great success all over the Nepal. The district also set aside 38 ropanis (>19,000 square metres) of land in the same year for processing degradable waste.[9] In addition, Ilam's network of microhydropower produces more reliable electricity than is available in the rest of Nepal.[10]
Ilam has three FM radio station namely Ilam FM (93 Mz), Nepalbani FM (94.9 MHz), Chiyabari FM (88.2 MHz) which areCommunity radio station and Fikkal FM (90.6 MHz). They aim to promote local culture by various programs of infotainment.Chiyabari Daily,Ilam Express,Ilam Post andSandakpur are daily newspaper published from Ilam. In addition to these, several weekly newspaper likePawanbhumi andIlam Awaj are published in Ilam.and chulachuli darpan also
Headquarter:Ilam | ||
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