Ichirō Itano | |
|---|---|
板野 一郎 | |
| Born | (1959-03-11)March 11, 1959 (age 66) |
| Occupation(s) | Animator, director, producer |
| Known for | Mechanical animation director on severalMacross projects |
| Notable work | Angel Cop,Battle Royal High School,Blassreiter |
Ichirō Itano (板野 一郎,Itano Ichirō, born March 11, 1959 inYokohama,Kanagawa) is a Japanese animator, director, and producer. He has worked in a number of science fiction anime series, especiallymecha-themed ones. He created several original video animations includingAngel Cop, andBattle Royal High School. He directed onMegazone 23. He also directed on a number of episodes and films related toMacross. He also directedGantz, and worked on series composition and direction forBlassreiter.
PublicizingBlassreiter in 2008, He belongs toGraphinica, Inc. [ja] that the CG team was independent fromGONZO.[2] He teaches younger generation as an adviser in the company.[3][4] Since retiring a studio ofCrusher Joe and joinedMacross, he lost touch withYoshikazu Yasuhiko, his instructor. However, they reunited again after nearly 30 years in a project relating to artbooks ofGundam,[5] and have worked together on production ofMobile Suit Gundam: The Origin.[6]
Itano is best known among anime fans for a style of action scene that he developed, usually nicknamed "Itano Circus" (板野サーカス,Itano sākasu) or "Macross missile massacre" by fans; it refers to a highly stylized and acrobatic method of depicting aerial combat and dogfights in many anime, particularly theMacross series.
The production inSpace Runaway Ideon became a hot topic in the anime industry, and it came to be called this by comparing the brisk movement of mechanics to the air acrobatics of the circus. The name first appeared in the 1982 November issue ofMy Anime,Kazutaka Miyatake of mechanic designer said "Although we call it Itano Circus, ..." in the interview, and the featured article was published in the next month issue.[7] The circus is named after the acrobatic flight of a 3-plane formation byMinoru Genda, a pilot ofImperial Japanese Navy Air Service at a dedication ceremony, which was called "Genda Circus".[8]
The battle scenes of the conventional mecha animation took the style of "duel" using guns and swords such asWestern (genre) andJidaigeki and there were many staging which emphasized the heaviness and posing (decision pose) of the robot. A good example of this is sword fight in battle scenes such asGundam.He created new scenes with the acrobatic moves.
The animated action sequence technique became more famous when Itano used it for the "dogfights" depicted inThe Super Dimension Fortress Macross anime TV series from 1982. The Itano Circus is characterized by detailed, fluid shading of the mecha, the close-range acrobatic moves the dueling fighters make in combat, as well as twisting contrails left by fighters and missiles.[9] It is also commonly used in specific reference to an attack where a mecha or spaceship launches a large swarm of guided missiles with meticulously animated spiraling smoke trails and erratic trajectories and its target is repeatedly dodging those missiles at a high speed.
The origin is the scene where a rocket is fired from a Saburo/Hakaider's motorcycle inAndroid Kikaider which he saw in his childhood. When he was a student, he imitated this and played a game in which he attached rocket fireworks to the front fork of his beloved car and shot them all at once while chasing each other on the seashore. He talked "The chase was more interesting than the attack when I played this."[10] Applying the experience of running side by side with the fireworks to the anime expression is the screen composition of the three-dimensional sense. In addition, the speed is emphasized more by the contrivance of the camera work such as the change of the photographing lens and the frame.
According to "Sci-Fi anime is interesting―from Gundam to Evangelion―[11]", these are mentioned as follows:
A synonym for Itano Circus born from rocket fireworks. Focusing on missiles, which have been treated as subweapons in conventional mecha anime, Itano made an appeal of "large number of bullets" and "movement of missiles". The missiles take intricate, intertwined tracks and draw three-dimensional, artistic wakes with white smoke. Because of this, it is also called "Natto missile". Even if they are the same missile, the characters are divided into "honor student type" which flies in a straight line to a target, "bright type" which predicts the target's mobility and makes a forehead, and "inferior grade type" which flies in a zigzag pattern to be conspicuous. Besides the maneuvering of the target aircraft to avoid them in an emergency is also a highlight, and in some cases, missiles passing through the screen without heading toward the target is depicted. According to Itano, "The orbit is the most important for a missile" and "Itano Circus if the flow is clear, even with one or two missiles."
Depending on the position of the subject in the shooting camera, the picture is drawn so that it switches to atelephoto lens at a long distance, a standard lens in the middle, and afisheye lens at the front, giving an impression of the depth and speed of the screen. For example, a missile launched at the back of the screen changes to a wider curved image as it approaches the viewer from a telephoto image. Itano calls it "Angle Animation".
It is camera work moving freely like aerial photography of skydiving. It follows the subject from a subjective point of view, and adds frame-in and frame-out to give a sense of reality. To be more extreme, it can also be defined as the concept of tracking an object with minimal camera work. Since the adoption of 3DCG, this trend has been particularly conspicuous, and the movement of the camera, which is delayed for a moment, is the most remarkable. Therefore, Itano's three-dimensional battle scene is more impressive to viewers. In the 3D shooter games ofMacross, he supervises a "variable view" that makes the player's fuselage look like it's being shot with a camera.
Considering the structure of the object to be destroyed, processes such as internal detonation by the hit (for example, a scene in which an enemy ship was destroyed in a Daedalus attack.) and collapse by the shock wave are depicted separately. It is also characterized by numerous explosive lights that flicker from circular to crescent-shaped.
Since his days as an original painter, he has often been depicted as an extreme splatter, such as a character's head flying or head crushing. The scene ofChar Aznable shooting Kycilia Zabi atGundam also obscures what was clearly depicted in the original. Although it was ripped off in TV series, there were quite cruel scenes in movies and OVAs, and in some cases, they were cut entirely in the overseas export version.
At the end of the 1970s, young animators called "Kaneda followers" appeared among anime fans who were fascinated byYoshinori Kanada's effects scenes and opening animations. Itano, who was also inspired by Kanada, stated, "Itano Circus was born because I wanted to absorb Mr.Kanada's good points and find a way to express myself. I think he has made Itano Circus what it is".[12] Influenced by dynamic perspective and explosion of "Kanada Action", the acrobatic circus technique was analyzed by frame advance on VCRs, which were becoming popular at that time, and inspired younger animators.
This trend has continued since the 2000s,Makoto Shinkai, produced personallyVoices of a Distant Star, said, "I watchedMacross Plus andMobile Suit Gundam 0083: Stardust Memory by frame and referred to the mechanical action." Moreover, as a fan of Itano,Chikashi Kubota, an animator, showed similar works inMagical Shopping Arcade Abenobashi(ep. 3),[13]Gurren Lagann(ep. 14), andSpace Dandy(ep. 23).[14]
Action staging such as missile shooting is common, butShōji Kawamori said, "Although some animators can draw beautiful and speedy missiles, few can draw "a painful missile" like him."
Besides there is also a theory that people involved in Hollywood movies who saw Itano Circus in the video ofMacross: Do You Remember Love? used it as a hint for aerial photography in the movieTop Gun.Neill Blomkamp, an avid fan ofMacross, included "Natto missile" in the scene in his filmDistrict 9 in which a powered suit fired a missile.[15][16]
As an homage to Itano Circus, digital art collectiveteamLab Inc. [ja] createdCrows are chased and the chasing crows are destined to be chased as well, Division in Perspective which is a three-dimensional reproduction of "Deformed Space" drawn in a two-dimensional animation.[17]
According to Itano, only the three animators who have fully mastered Itano Circus areHideaki Anno,Masami Gotō [ja] andYasushi Muraki [ja].[18] Anno mentioned his name as the first master[19] in the animation world and said, "I was taught an uncompromising creative attitude."[20] "It's hard to get there though I'm trying. I tried to cross, but I can't.",[21] andCutie Honey, a live-action film by him, also has a kind of homage. Gotō and Muraki were influenced byIdeon andMacross and drew speedy aerial battles inCowboy Bebop andEureka Seven respectively.
Although Itano himself did not participate in the workMacross after the completion ofMacross Zero, the creators ofSatelight, unknownCASE and Graphinica, who were in charge ofMacross Frontier Sayonara no Tsubasa's CG, are disciples who received guidance from him.[22] Regarding Hiroshi Yaghishita (Macross Frontier) and Jō Harada (Basquash!) of Satelight, Itano said, "Harada is conferred first and full mastership of Itano Circus of CG, and Yagishita is the best student among the graduates.[23]"
When he was participating fromUltraman Nexus toUltraman Mebius, he taught the CGI team ofTsuburaya Productions and influenced latertokusatsu productions.[24] In 2011, he announced the dissolution of the D.A.S.T. which he presided over, saying, "All the people I need to grow have already graduated, so I'm going to do what I like.[25]"
In terms of practical application, Itano is a distinct physical person in the anime industry. He was nicknamed "battle animator" and left many episodes.
| Year | Title | Crew role | Notes | Source[30] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1979-80 | Mobile Suit Gundam | Animator | ||
| 1981–82 | Mobile Suit Gundam | Animator | film series | |
| 1982 | Space Runaway Ideon: Be Invoked | Animator | ||
| 1982–83 | The Super Dimension Fortress Macross | Mechanical animation director | [9] | |
| 1983 | Crusher Joe | Animator | ||
| 1984 | Urusei Yatsura 2: Beautiful Dreamer | Original picture | ||
| 1984 | Macross: Do You Remember Love? | Drawing director | ||
| 1985–86 | Megazone 23 | Storyboard, Unit Director, Drawing Director, Action Director | OVAs and films | |
| 1987 | Royal Space Force: The Wings of Honnêamise | Key animation | [31] | |
| 1987 | Battle Royal High School | Director, screenplay, storyboard | [32][33] | |
| 1987 | Good Morning Althea | Original draft | ||
| 1988 | Violence Jack: Evil Town | Director, Composition | ||
| 1989 | Spirit Warrior | Director | Ova episode 2 | |
| 1989-94 | Angel Cop | Director | ||
| 1992 | Star Dust | Original draft, Director | ||
| 1994 | Macross Plus | Special skills director | Also film version in 1995 | |
| 1999 | Mito's Great Adventure: The Two Queens | Mecha design, CG Supervisor | ||
| 2002 | Rayca ja:零花～rayca | 3D motion director | ||
| 2002 | Macross Zero | Special skills director | ||
| 2004 | Gantz | Director | ||
| 2008 | Blassreiter | Series composition, Director | [34] | |
| 2008 | Linebarrels of Iron | Special skills director | ||
| 2014 | Expelled from Paradise | Motion Advisor | ||
| 2015 | Mobile Suit Gundam: The Origin Episode 1 | Unit director, storyboard artist, and key animator for avant animation | OVA | [35] |
| 2016 | SSSS.Gridman | Design of kaiju |
{{cite journal}}:Missing or empty|title= (help)| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
