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| English: Defenders of the Homeland | |
|---|---|
| حماة الحمى | |
Humat al-Hima played by theTunisian Symphony Orchestra and the military staff of the Ministry of National Defense, and performed by artistsLotfi Bouchnak,Saber Rebai andAmina Fakhet. | |
National anthem of  Tunisia | |
| Lyrics | Mostafa Saadeq Al-Rafe'ie /Aboul-Qacem Echebbi |
| Music | Mohammed Abdel Wahab (or possiblyAhmed Kheireddine [fr]) |
| Adopted | 25 July 1957 |
| Readopted | 12 November 1987 |
| Relinquished | 20 March 1958 |
| Preceded by | "Ala Khallidi" (1987) |
| Audio sample | |
U.S. Navy Band instrumental version (chorus and third verse) | |
Ḥumāt al-Ḥimá (Arabic:حماة الحمى, "Defenders of the Homeland") is thenational anthem ofTunisia; the text was written byMostafa Saadeq Al-Rafe'ie andAboul-Qacem Echebbi.
The lyrics come from a poem written in the 1930s by Egyptian poetMostafa Saadeq Al-Rafe'ie. Although some say the melody of this march was composed byMohammed Abdel Wahab,[1] Tunisianmusicologist Salah El Mahdi claims the melody was composed by the poetAhmed Kheireddine [fr] while the original music for the poem was composed byZakariyya Ahmad.[2][3]
The very last verses of the lyrics were written byAboul-Qacem Echebbi.[4] According to El Mahdi, these verses were appended to the lyrics in June 1955 by nationalistMongi Slim.
Known as the "Hymn of the Revolution", it was sung during the meetings of the ruling party, theNeo Destour, which later changed its name to theSocialist Destourian Party. "Ḥumat al-Ḥima" was temporarily used as a national anthem between the end of themonarchy on 25 July 1957, when it replaced the "Salam al-Bey", and 20 March 1958, when it was replaced by "Ala Khallidi". "Ḥumat al-Ḥima" was later brought back again followingthe coup d'état that broughtZine El Abidine Ben Ali to power on 7 November 1987.
On occasions requiring brevity, a short version is sung consisting of the chorus, the third verse (not repeated) and the chorus again.[5][6]
| Arabic original[7][8] | Arabic transliteration | IPA transcription[a] | English translation |
|---|---|---|---|
كورال: | Kūrāl: | [kuː.rɑːl] | Chorus: |
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