Huma County 呼玛县 | |
|---|---|
 TheHuma River was shown asHoumar on early maps (1773), the surrounding region labeledHoumari | |
.png) Huma County (red) in Daxing'anling Prefecture (yellow) and Heilongjiang | |
  Huma Location of the seat in Heilongjiang | |
| Coordinates:51°44′N126°39′E / 51.733°N 126.650°E /51.733; 126.650 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Heilongjiang |
| Prefecture | Daxing'anling |
| Area | |
• Total | 14,285 km2 (5,515 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 170 m (560 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 340,000 |
| • Density | 24/km2 (62/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 165100 |
| Area code | 0457 |
Huma County (simplified Chinese:呼玛县;traditional Chinese:呼瑪縣;pinyin:Hūmǎ xiàn;Manchu: Hūmar Siyan;Russian:Кумары) is a county in the far north of theHeilongjiang province, People's Republic of China. The county seat is located on the right (southwestern) bank of theAmur River, a few kilometers upstream from the fall of theHuma River (formerly also known as Houmar) into the Amur. It is under the administration of theDaxing'anling Prefecture.
The opposite side of the Amur River is inAmurskaya Oblast', Russia, where there is a village with the same name in Russified form,Kumara (Russian:Кумара)[1]
Kumarsk, the predecessor of the present-day Huma, was a fortifiedRussian town in theAmur River region, founded in 1652 byYerofey Khabarov and his companions, during his retreat from Achansk, corresponding to the present-dayKhabarovsk, where he was besieged byManchu andDaur allied forces.
On 13 March 1655, the Komar fortress, defended by theatamanOnufriy Stepanov and his 500Cossacks, was besieged by aQing army led by Ming'andali (明安達理) consisting of 10,000 men. The outnumbered defenders repulsed several assaults. The defeated Manchu lift the siege the following month (on 3 April 1655). The town was ceded to Qing Empire after thetreaty of Nerchinsk in 1689.
Huma County is divided into 2 towns, 5 townships and 1 ethnic township.[2]
Huma County has amonsoon-influencedhumid continental climate (KöppenDwb) with very warm, humid summers and severely cold, extremely dry winters. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −24.7 °C (−12.5 °F) in January to 21.3 °C (70.3 °F) in July, and although temperatures consistently average above 10 °C (50 °F) from May to September, the annual mean, at −0.3 °C (31.5 °F), is low enough to form sporadicpermafrost on sheltered sites, which is unusual for areas with this climatic classification. More than 70% of the annual precipitation occurs from June to September. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 52% in May and July to 70% in February, sunshine is generous and the area receives 2,581 hours of bright sunshine annually.
| Climate data for Huma, elevation 174 m (571 ft), (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1954−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | −1.9 (28.6) | 5.1 (41.2) | 18.9 (66.0) | 31.7 (89.1) | 36.2 (97.2) | 40.5 (104.9) | 39.4 (102.9) | 36.5 (97.7) | 31.3 (88.3) | 28.6 (83.5) | 12.2 (54.0) | 1.0 (33.8) | 40.5 (104.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −18 (0) | −10.9 (12.4) | −1.3 (29.7) | 10.3 (50.5) | 19.3 (66.7) | 25.4 (77.7) | 27.4 (81.3) | 24.9 (76.8) | 18.5 (65.3) | 7.7 (45.9) | −7.3 (18.9) | −18.2 (−0.8) | 6.5 (43.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −24.7 (−12.5) | −19.4 (−2.9) | −8.8 (16.2) | 3.5 (38.3) | 12.2 (54.0) | 18.6 (65.5) | 21.3 (70.3) | 18.5 (65.3) | 11.4 (52.5) | 1.3 (34.3) | −13.4 (7.9) | −23.9 (−11.0) | −0.3 (31.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −29.9 (−21.8) | −26.2 (−15.2) | −16.1 (3.0) | −3.2 (26.2) | 4.8 (40.6) | 11.8 (53.2) | 15.7 (60.3) | 13.1 (55.6) | 5.4 (41.7) | −4.2 (24.4) | −18.5 (−1.3) | −28.6 (−19.5) | −6.3 (20.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −48.2 (−54.8) | −45.3 (−49.5) | −40.0 (−40.0) | −22.2 (−8.0) | −9.2 (15.4) | 0.4 (32.7) | 3.9 (39.0) | −1.0 (30.2) | −8.4 (16.9) | −22.2 (−8.0) | −38.9 (−38.0) | −45.2 (−49.4) | −48.2 (−54.8) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 5.4 (0.21) | 4.4 (0.17) | 6.4 (0.25) | 15.1 (0.59) | 49.9 (1.96) | 66.3 (2.61) | 128.0 (5.04) | 92.0 (3.62) | 47.5 (1.87) | 22.6 (0.89) | 10.2 (0.40) | 7.2 (0.28) | 455.0 (17.91) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 6.7 | 4.9 | 4.3 | 6.6 | 11.4 | 12.7 | 13.7 | 12.7 | 10.5 | 7.7 | 7.2 | 8.2 | 106.6 |
| Average snowy days | 9.5 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 5.0 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 5.8 | 9.6 | 11.4 | 55.6 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 70 | 66 | 59 | 49 | 53 | 66 | 75 | 77 | 70 | 61 | 69 | 71 | 66 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 152.4 | 198.8 | 251.8 | 244.6 | 253.1 | 278.2 | 258.6 | 244.5 | 217.4 | 191.3 | 162.6 | 127.9 | 2,581.2 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 58 | 70 | 68 | 58 | 52 | 56 | 52 | 55 | 58 | 59 | 62 | 53 | 58 |
| Source 1:China Meteorological Administration[3][4] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather China,[5] Pogodaiklimat.ru (extremes)[6] | |||||||||||||
Heilongjiang topics | |
|---|---|
| General | |
| Geography | |
| Education | |
| Visitor attractions | |
