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Terror Háza | |
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 House of Terror | |
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| Established | 24 February 2002 |
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| Location | Budapest, Hungary |
| Coordinates | 47°30′25″N19°03′54″E / 47.5069°N 19.0651°E /47.5069; 19.0651 |
| Director | Mária Schmidt |
| Website | terrorhaza |
TheHouse of Terror (Hungarian:Terror Háza Múzeum,pronounced[ˈtɛrːorˈhaːzɒˈmuːzɛum]) is a museum located atAndrássy Avenue 60 in Budapest, Hungary. It contains exhibits related to thefascist andcommunist regimes in 20th-century Hungary and is also a memorial to the victims of these regimes, including those detained, interrogated, tortured, or killed in the building.
The museum opened on 24 February 2002, and its director general has beenMária Schmidt.
The House of Terror is a member organization of thePlatform of European Memory and Conscience.[1] Visitors includingZbigniew Brzezinski,Francis Fukuyama, andHayden White have praised the institution.[2][3]
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The building was previously used by theArrow Cross Party andÁVH.
The museum was set up under the government ofViktor Orbán.[when?] In December 2000, the Public Foundation for the Research of Central and East European History and Society purchased it with the aim of establishing a museum in order to commemorate thefascist andcommunist periods ofHungarian history.
During the year-long construction period, the building was fully renovated inside and out. The internal design, the final look of the museum's exhibition hall, and the external facade are all the work of architect Attila F. Kovács. The reconstruction plans for the museum were designed by architectsJános Sándor and Kálmán Újszászy. The reconstruction turned the exterior of the building into somewhat of a monument: the black exterior structure (consisting of the decorative entablature, the blade walls, and the granite footpath) provides a frame for the museum, making it stand out in sharp contrast to the other buildings onAndrássy Avenue. Inside the building, the museum has aT-54 tank on display.
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The museum's permanent exhibition contains material related to the nation's relationships toNazi Germany and theSoviet Union. It also contains exhibits related to Hungarian organisations such as the fascistArrow Cross Party and the communistÁVH (similar to the SovietKGB). Part of the exhibition takes visitors to the basement, where examples of cells used by the ÁVH to torture prisoners can be seen.
Much of the information and the exhibits are in Hungarian, although each room has an extensive information sheet in both English and Hungarian. Audio guides in English, German, Spanish, Russian, and Italian are also available.
The background music to the exhibition was composed by formerBonanza Banzai frontman and producerÁkos Kovács. The score includes the work of a string orchestra, special stereophonic mixes, and sound effects.
Some historians, journalists, and political scientists such as Magdalena Marsovszky or Ilse Huber have argued that the museum excessively portrays Hungary as the victim of foreign occupiers and does not sufficiently recognise the contribution that Hungarians themselves made to the regimes in question.[4][5] Criticism has also been raised that far more space is given to the terror of the communist regime than the fascist one.[citation needed] One answer to these criticisms was that while the German occupation and fascist regime ofFerenc Szálasi lasted less than a year, the Hungarian Communist period lasted forty years. Themuseologists have also reminded critics that theHungarian Holocaust has itsown museum.[citation needed]
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