Hervé Bazin | |
|---|---|
 Hervé Bazin in 1993. | |
| Born | (1911-04-17)17 April 1911 Angers, France |
| Died | 17 February 1996(1996-02-17) (aged 84) Angers, France |
| Nationality | French |
| Education | University of Paris |
| Occupation | writer |
Hervé Bazin (French:[bazɛ̃]; 17 April 1911 – 17 February 1996) was a French writer, whose best-known novels covered semi-autobiographical topics ofteenage rebellion anddysfunctional families.[1]
Bazin, bornJean-Pierre Hervé-Bazin inAngers,Maine-et-Loire, France came from ahigh-bourgeoisCatholic family. He was the great-nephew of the writerRené Bazin.[1] His father was a magistrate who with his wife had been sent to China to take up a diplomatic post. Hervé and his brother were brought up in the ancestral home, the chateau of Le Patys, by their grandmother. When she died, his mother returned fromHanoi with reluctance. She sent Bazin to a variety of clerical establishments and then to the military academy, thePrytanée de la Fleche, from which he was expelled as incompetent.[2] He opposed his authoritarian mother, ran away several times during his teens, and refused Catholic teachings. At the age of 20 he broke up with his family.[citation needed]
Leaving his home for Paris, he took a degree in literature at theSorbonne. During fifteen years of writing poetry with little success, Bazin worked in many small jobs. Notable work of this period included founding a poetic review,la Coquille (The Shell, only eight volumes), named after the medieval poet-beggars, thecoquillards ofVillon's days,[2] and "À la poursuite d'Iris" in 1948. He won the 1947Prix Apollinaire forJour, his first book of poetry.
Following the advice ofPaul Valéry, he left poetry to focus on prose.[2]
Childhood conflicts with his mother inspired the novelViper in the Fist in 1948. The novel portrays the hatred between a mother nicknamed Folcoche (from the French "folle" (crazy) and "cochonne" (pig) and her children, including the narrator Jean Rezeau, called "Brasse-bouillon". The book was immensely successful inpostwar France, and was followed byLa Mort du Petit Cheval andLe Cri de la Chouette to create a trilogy. In other works, Bazin returned to the theme of the family. In addition to novels, he also wrote short stories and essays.
Bazin became a member of theAcadémie Goncourt in 1958, replacingFrancis Carco. He became its president in 1973, and was replaced, after his death, byJorge Semprún, while the presidency was given toFrançois Nourissier.
Politically, Bazin belonged to theMouvement de la Paix, in relation with thecommunist party of which he was a sympathizer. He obtained theLenin Peace Prize in 1979. This madeRoger Peyrefitte say jokingly: "Hervé Bazin had two prizes which fitted each other: the Lenin Peace Prize and the black humour prize."[3]
In 1995, he gave his manuscripts and letters to the record office of the town ofNancy, which already owned the archives of theGoncourt brothers, who originated from the town. Bazin died inAngers.
Due to a juridical imbroglio, the six children of his first marriages obtained, against the will of his last spouse and last son, the auction of the archive at theHôtel Drouot on 29 October 2004. With help from the district's authorities, the university library of Angers managed to preempt almost the whole of the estate, meaning 22 manuscripts and about 9000 letters which were made available to the research community, as the author wished.
In his 1966 essayPlumons l’Oiseau ("Let's pluck the bird"):[4] Bazin proposed a nearlyphonemic orthography for theFrench language called "l’ortografiǝ lojikǝ"(logical orthography).
| Letter | Name | Name (IPA) | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| a | a (wvèr) | /a~ɑ/ (/u.vèʁ/) | |
| (á) | a fèrmé | /a~ɑ//fɛʁ.me/ | optional |
| e | e | /ə/ | |
| é | é | /e/ | |
| è | è | /ɛ/ | |
| œ | œ (wvèr) | /œ~ø/ (/u.vèʁ/) | |
| (œ́) | œ fèrmé | /œ~ø//fɛʁ.me/ | optional |
| o | ɔ (wvèr) | /ɔ/ (/u.vèʁ/) | |
| ó | ó (fèrmé) | /o/ (/fɛʁ.me/) | required |
| i | i | /i/ | |
| u | u | /y/ | |
| w | w | /u/ | ou vowel |
| ã | ã | /ɑ̃/ | |
| ẽ | ẽ | /ɛ̃/ | |
| õ | õ | /ɔ̃/ | |
| œ̃ | œ̃ | /œ̃/ | |
| b | bé | /be/ | |
| k | ké | /ke/ | |
| d | dé | /de/ | |
| f | fé | /fe/ | |
| g | gé | /ge/ | always hard |
| h | hé | /ʃe/ | softch |
| j | jé | /ʒe/ | |
| l | lé | /le/ | |
| m | mé | /me/ | |
| n | né | /ne/ | |
| ñ | ñé | /ɲ/,/ŋ/ | |
| p | pé | /pe/ | |
| r | ré | /ʁe/ | |
| s | sé | /se/ | never voiced |
| t | té | /te/ | |
| v | vé | /ve/ | |
| z | zé | /ze/ | |
| y | yé | /je/ | |
| u͐ | u͐e | /ɥe/ | |
| w͐ | w͐e | /we/ | |
| ɔ | le siñə dur | /ləsiɲdyʁ/ | /h/ where necessary |
| ə | le siñə mw | /ləsiɲmu/ | sometimes-silent /e/ |
| × | le siñə du pluryèl ɛ̃sonor | /ləsiɲdyply.ʁjɛlɛ̃.sɔ.nɔʁ/ | sometimes-silent plural (e.g.femmes → fam×) |
| ◌̇ | le point de différenciation | marker of homophones (e.g.ça → ṡa, whereassa → sa) |
He also proposed six new "points d’intonation" (punctuation marks):[5][6]
Example:[7]
| Standard orthography | Ortografiǝ lojikǝ |
|---|---|
J’aime, dit l’amant, | J’èmǝ |
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