Fadel Aboud Al-Hassan فاضل عبود الحسن | |
|---|---|
 Haj Fadel Al Aboud | |
| Born | (1872-01-14)14 January 1872 |
| Died | 23 December 1936(1936-12-23) (aged 64) |
| Nationality | Syrian |
| Known for | President ofDeir ez-Zor Government, Syria. |
| Relatives | Ayyash Al-Haj |
Fadel Aboud Al-Hassan orHaj Fadel Al-Aboud (Arabic:الحاج فاضل العبود) was aSyrian leader and head of theHaj Fadel government in easternSyria after theOttomans departure from the region in 1918.[1][2]
Fadel Al-Aboud was born inDeir al-Zour in 1872 for Al-Hassan family from the Abo Obaidclan from theBaggaratribe.[3][4]
Al-Hassan was of high social standing inDeir al-Zour, which enabled him to take over the leadership of his father, Aboud Hassan. Al-Hassan worked in trade and had extensive commercial relations withTurkish merchants andHalbians and with his cousins Najjar and Tayfur in the city ofHama.[5]
Trouble broke out in the city ofDeir al-Zour after theOttomans departure on 6 November 1918, where people began looting and stealing from each other across the area, so it was necessary to have a strong authority for protecting the city and its people and that led Al-Hassan who was themayor to form his firstgovernment in the city and asking alltribal leaders in thevillages and surrounding districts to support him and pledge allegiance to him. One of the priorities of thisgovernment was to maintain security and run the city's affairs. Thisgovernment later known as the "government of Haj Fadel."[6][7]
The government continued until the arrival of Sharif Nasser, the cousin of PrinceFaisal Bin Al-Hussein, on 1 December 1918, and Mari Basha Al-Mallah on 7 December 1918.[8]
After theBattle of Maysalun on 24 July 1920 and occupation ofDamascus byFrench forces, The city ofDeir Ezzor was in a state of chaos and insecurity, which prompted Al-Hassan to form his secondgovernment, Which has done excellent services in protecting the city and maintaining the security of its people despite its limited capabilities.
Thisgovernment continued its work until 23 November 1920, when it was dissolved by a decision of theFrench occupation authorities.[9][10]
Al-Hassan represented theEuphrates region at theSyrian National Congress held in late June 1919, which proclaimed theindependence ofSyria and establishment of theSyrian Arab Kingdom on 8 March 1920, and appointedFaisal bin Sharif Hussein as a king.[11] Al-Hassan participated in the coronation ofFaisal asking ofIraq on 23 August 1921 and supported hisinauguration.[12][13]
When theOttomangovernment persecuted theArmenian people and forced them to march out to the Syrian city ofDeir al-Zour and the surrounding desert, without any facilities and supplies that would have been necessary to sustain the life of hundreds of thousands ofArmenian deportees during and after their forced march to theSyrian desert.[14][15]
Al-Hassan, who was themayor ofDeir al-Zour, provided them with food and housing. Means of livelihood and security, TheArmenians returned the favor to Al-Hassan when theFrench colonial administration sentenced him to death inAleppo, where they supported and defended him, which led theFrench to abolish thedeath penalty and onlyexile him toJisr al-Shughur.[16]
Al-Hassan was arrested several times for his support of national issues andrevolutions, after the storming ofDeir al-Zour on 9 November 1921 by theFrench colonialists. A group of French armored vehicles and dozens of soldiers encircled the house of Al-Hassan, where he was arrested and transferred to themilitary airport ofDeir al-Zour and then transported by military aircraft toAleppo, where he was imprisoned in thecastle. During his imprisonment, he met with the leaderIbrahim Hanano; in June 1922, he was released and returned toDeir Ezzor.
He was sentenced toexile to the city ofJisr al-Shughour after he was accused of preparing a revolt againstFrench colonialism in protest against the military campaign by theFrench army against the Bukhabur tribes that refused to pay taxes to the French colonizer and insulting Wali Deir al-Zour Khalil Isaac. The latter was cooperating with theFrench.
He protested the decision of theFrench High CommissionerMaurice Paul Sarrail No. 49 S / 5 in August 1925, that ordered theexile of his cousinAyyash Al-Haj with all his family members to the city ofJableh for their struggle againstFrench colonialism, which exposed him to security persecution and repeated detention by the French military authorities.[17][18][19][20]
Al-Hassan died in 1936 inDeir al-Zour and was buried there. His sons continued his political work. His son, Dr. Badri Fadel Aboud, became theMinister of Health in the government ofSaid Al-Ghazi in 1955, under the presidency of PresidentShukri Al-Quwatli. He was the firstMinister of Health fromDeir al-Zour.
{{cite book}}:ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)[Victims] were often held without food for days so they would be too weak to escape
