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 The administration building | |
| Company type | Public |
|---|---|
| TASE: ORL | |
| Industry | Petrochemical industry |
| Founded | 1958; 67 years ago (1958) |
| Headquarters | , Israel |
Area served | Middle East |
Key people | Moshe Kaplinsky (Chairman) Malachi Alper (CEO) |
| Products | Petroleum products, petrochemicals,oil refining |
| Revenue |  US$13.520 billion(2015)[1] |
 US$562.52 million(2015) | |
| US$272.49 million(2015) | |
| Total assets | US$4.470 billion (2015) |
| Owners | Israel Corp. (33%) Israel Petrochemical Enterprises ltd (15.5%)[2] |
Number of employees | 1,800 (2015) |
| Subsidiaries | Carmel Olefins Ltd. Gadiv Petrochemical Industries Ltd. |
| Website | www |
BAZAN Group, (ORL or BAZAN,Hebrew:בז"ן – בתי זיקוק לנפט בע"מ), formerly Oil Refineries Ltd., is an oil refining andpetrochemicals company located inHaifa Bay, Israel. It operates the largestoil refinery in the country. ORL has a total oil refining capacity of approximately 9.8 million tons of crude oil per year with aNelson complexity index of 9.[3] ORL provides a variety of products used in industrial operations, agriculture and transportation.[4] ORL is Israel's largest integrated refining and petrochemical facility.[5] The company also provides storage and transportation services for oil fuel products, as well as electricity and steam to industrial customers in the region.[6]
The company is traded in theTel Aviv Stock Exchange under the symbol ORL, and is part of theTel Aviv 35 Index.[7]
The company's beginnings date back to theBritish Mandate for Palestine when Consolidated Refineries Limited (CRL), a joint venture ofShell and the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (nowBP),[8] started constructing a sprawling refinery complex which sat at the end of the British-builtMosul–Haifa oil pipeline which stretched from theoil fields nearKirkuk in then British-controlledIraq.[9]
Construction of the first refinery unit started in 1938 and was carried out by theM. W. Kellogg Co. with assistance fromSolel Boneh, with an annual capacity of two million tons of crude oil. Construction was completed in 1944, increasing the annual yield to four million tons of crude oil.[10]
DuringWorld War II, the complex supplied refined products to British and American forces operating in theMediterranean and Middle East theatre, and was bombed many times during the early stage of the war,[11] by Italy.[12] Damage to the refineries was quickly repaired.[13][14]
Due to concerns about theArab League Boycott, the British Government sold CRL to the State of Israel in 1958 which then changed its name to Oil Refineries Ltd.[15][16][17]
Since then the complex has undergone significant expansion and upgrades. In the past, ORL also owned theAshdod Oil Refinery in southern Israel and therefore as a company, it held amonopoly over oil refining in the country. This changed in 2006, when Israel's Government Companies Authority, headed byEyal Gabbai started privatization processes.[18]
On August 1, 2006, the Ashdod facilities were sold to thePaz Oil Company for 3.5 billion ILS.[19] In February 2007, 44% of the shares were sold to institutional investors.[20] Following this, 46% were sold to the Ofer-Federman group at 3.30 ILS per share,[21] with the remaining shares sold in an IPO on theTel Aviv Stock Exchange in 2007.[19][22] There were more than 5,500 requests to buy shares, an unprecedented number.[23]
The company's iconic and historic cooling towers were removed from service in 2008. One of the towers was converted into a visitor's center, which is open to the public for free, and include multi-sensory tours.[24] On June 12, 2020, the eastern cooling tower unexpectedly collapsed.[25][26]
In 2009 the Bazan Group and Olefins companies merged and in 2010 Haifa Basic Oils was fully purchased by Bazan.[27] In 2012 Bazan commissionedUOP'sUnicracking strategies in its plants for production ofliquid petroleum gas,naphtha, andkerosene.[28]
More than 70% of ORL's products are distributed locally (for private and public purposes) and the rest is exported.[29] The company is a direct employer of 1,500 workers and an additional 2,000 contractors; the majority of employees are residents of Haifa and the northern region of Israel.[30]
Carmel Olefins is Israel's sole manufacturer of petrochemical products that are used as raw materials for theplastics industry. Carmel manufactures standard and special grades ofpolypropylene (PP) as well as a broad range oflow density polyethylene (LDPE) grades.[31]
Gadiv Petrochemicals, opened in 1974, manufactures and supplies a range of petrochemicals products includingaromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic solvents and intermediates for pharmaceutical, plastic, food and chemical industries.[32][33]
Haifa Basic Oils produces base oils andparaffin wax, exporting nearly 50% of its products to overseas companies.[27][34]
In 2018 Bazan launched BNNovation, an innovation initiative to grow small and larger companies in the fields of energy, renewable energy, and industry.[35][36] In 2019, BNNovation was among the founders of ESIL Technologies, an international team operating a lab for cleantech innovation and environmental protection.[37][38] Also in 2019, Bazan won the tender to establish an environmental innovation lab in Haifa Bay together with the Israeli branch ofEDF Renewables andJohnson Matthey.[39]
Partners includeHaier Group Corporation[40][41] and Leumi Partners.[42]
On November 16, 2020, Bazan signed a MOU with the Emirati energy company Mazrui International to import polymers that are not made in Israel.[43] In November 2021,UBQ Materials signed with Bazan to provide climate-friendly thermoplastics for resin products.[44]
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BAZAN Group's vast petrochemical plants have released significant amounts of pollution to the environment around Haifa Bay. The company has set goals to reduce air pollution,[45] including investing over a billion dollars to develop environmentally-friendly systems.[46]
Starting in March 2011, after being connected to the new nationalnatural gas distribution grid, the plants switched to using natural gas[47] (rather than mostlyfuel oil) as their main power source, thus greatly reducing the amount of air pollution emanating from the complex.[48] In 2012, the company also completed ahydrocracking unit.[49] The switch to natural gas was expected to save the company US$200 million per year in fuel and other costs.[50]
In 2014 ORL acquired systems for treating hazards related to smells and treating emissions of volatile organic materials.[51]
In 2020, ORL published its first report for Corporate Responsibility since 2011, including its achievements in reducing benzene emissions and facilitating healthier environmental conditions.[52]
In December 2020 BAZAN announced a $3.7 million project to create, compress and transport hydrogen with the ultimate goal of bringing hydrogen-fueled cars to Israel.[53]
In April 2021, a government CEO committee assigned to resolve Haifa's decline, suggested a full closure of Bazan group's facilities within 10 years, is required.[54]
In July 2021, Bazan presented plans to become the leading Israeli supplier ofrenewable energy andalternative fuels at a conference inTel Aviv. The company announced it would make $1.5 billion in capital investments by 2030, and laid out a three-pronged strategy built in accordance with internationalESG standards. The company announced a set objective of 15% greenpolymers by 2025 and 30% by 2030.[55][56]
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32°47′36″N35°03′07″E / 32.7934°N 35.0519°E /32.7934; 35.0519 (Haifa Oil Refineries)
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