| Ardiden | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Type | Turboshaft |
| National origin | France |
| Manufacturer | Safran Helicopter Engines |
| Built by | Hindustan Aeronautics Limited |
| First run | 2005[1] |
| Major applications | HAL Dhruv |
| Number built | 250 by 2018[2] |
| Developed from | Turbomeca TM 333 |
TheSafran Ardiden is a 1,400–2,000 hp (1,000–1,500 kW)turboshaft designed and produced bySafran Helicopter Engines for 5–8 t (11,000–18,000 lb) single and twin-enginehelicopters. Launched in 2003 as a more powerfulTM 333, it first ran in 2005 and was introduced in 2007.
The Ardiden 1Shakti powers the IndianHAL Dhruv,HAL Prachand andHAL Light Utility Helicopter while the more powerful Ardiden 3 powers theAvicopter AC352 andKamov Ka-62.
In 1961,Turbomeca grantedHindustan Aeronautics Limited a manufacturing license for theArtouste turboshaft engine to equip the Indian HAL Chetak (Alouette III) and HAL Cheetah (SA 315B Lama) helicopters.
By September 2000, HAL had contracted with Turbomeca to develop a more powerful version of theALH'sTM 3332B2, from 747 to 800 kW (1,002 to 1,073 hp).[3]By January 2002, Turbomeca had begun developing the 1,200 hp (890 kW) Ardiden TM3332C2 for 5–6 t (11,000–13,000 lb) helicopters, launched at theParis Air Show for the LAH as theShakti, co-developed and assembled by HAL, as the US liftedIndia's 1998 nuclear tests sanctions.The TM3332B2 first two axial stages were replaced by acentrifugal compressor, and the powerturbine went from one to two stages, while the two channelFADEC came from the TM3332E.Then expected to enter service in 2005, its estimated market was 1,500 engines over the first 15 years.[4]
By July 2002, Turbomeca was ready to launch the 900 kW (1,200 hp) engine development with HAL for 11% for the ALH, then renamed Dhruv.The TM333 was derated from 800 to 765 kW (1,073 to 1,026 hp) for the Dhruv, and the Ardiden 1HShakti would be derated from 1,070 to 900 kW (1,430 to 1,210 hp).The Ardiden 1A was designed to for theEurocopter EC155HP+, and the Ardiden 2K for theAgusta-Bell AB.139.It would slot between the 485–740 kW (650–992 hp)Arriel and the 1,240–1,565 kW (1,663–2,099 hp)Makila for 5-6 t (11,000-13,250lb) medium twins.At $500,000, it would be 40% cheaper than 900kW competitors like the Honeywell/Rolls-RoyceLHTEC CTS800 and the MTU/Turbomeca/R-RMTR390.The first test run was then expected in early 2004, flight-testing by the end of the same year, certification by the end of 2005 andentry into service by 2006.[5]It was launched in February 2003 at the Aero India show with a large order from HAL, to be used in 6-6.5 t (13,200-14,300lb) helicopters.HAL was to supply one-tenth of its components.[6]
By October 2005, Turbomeca ran the first example inTarbes, planning a July 2006 first flight.HAL has an 11% stake in development and 21% of the manufacture: the gearbox, power turbine and part of theHP compressor.The design include thesingle-crystal HP turbine blades and newceramic coatings to run without cooling, for 20% of growth potential.[1]
Developed by India for 19%, theShakti made its first test flight on the Dhruv on 16 August 2007.[7] By late 2007, HAL started fitting theShakti for Dhruvs produced from then.
The Ardiden 3G was certified in June 2017 and by 2018, 250 Ardiden 1 were in service.[2]By September 2019, the Ardiden 1 engines had completed 200,000 flying hours, and the Ardiden 3C/3G had completed over 10,000 hours of tests.[8]
By April 2019, Safran was considering aturboprop version of the Ardiden to compete with thePratt & Whitney Canada PT6 andGeneral Electric Catalyst, based on its Tech-TP demonstrator, part of the EU'sClean Sky 2 programme, for first ground runs in the coming months.[9]The first ground run happened on 12 June inTarnos; the complete propulsion system include thenacelle,air intake andpropeller while theaccessory gearbox andpropeller controller include more electric technologies.[10]
It could be used for a future EuropeanUAV, in cooperation withZF Luftfahrttechnik for the gearbox andMT-Propeller for the propeller.The FADEC would manage both power and propeller pitch for operation up to 13,716 meters / 45,000 ft.The Tech TP compact, lightweight architecture targets a 15% lower fuel consumption over current engines.[8]On 21 July 2020, amemorandum of agreement was signed between Safran and ZF, targeting flight testing of the 1,700-2,000shp (1,260-1,490kW) Ardiden 3TP from 2022.The 11 tEuroMALE UAV, set for a 2024 first flight, is a goal as a first platform, before civil applications.[11]
The Ardiden 1 offers 1,400 to 1,700 hp (1,000 to 1,300 kW) and the Ardiden 3 covers the 1,700–2,000 hp (1,300–1,500 kW) range, for 5 to 8 t (11,000 to 18,000 lb) single and twin-engine helicopters.[2]
The Ardiden has a two-stagecentrifugal compressor, then a reverse flowannular combustor, a single stage axial gas generatorturbine followed by a two-stage axialfree turbine outputting its power to the front by aconcentric shaft, and is controlled by a dual-channeldigital engine electronic control unit.[12]
| Variant | Certification[12][13] | Application[2] |
|---|---|---|
| Ardiden 1H | 20 December 2007 | HAL Dhruv HAL Prachand |
| Ardiden 1H1 | 11 March 2009 | |
| Ardiden 1U | HAL Light Utility Helicopter | |
| Ardiden 3G | 12 June 2017 | Kamov Ka-62 |
| Ardiden 3C / WZ16 | 5 April 2018 | Avicopter AC352 |
| Variant | Ardiden 1[12] | Ardiden 3[13] |
|---|---|---|
| length | 1,250 mm (49 in) | 1,244–1,285.4 mm (48.98–50.61 in) |
| height × width | 694×519 mm (27.3×20.4 in) | 648×640–655.9 mm (25.51×25.20–25.82 in) |
| weight | 205 kg (452 lb) | 215–226.6 kg (474–500 lb) |
| compressor | 2 centrifugal stages | |
| combustor | reverse flow | |
| turbine | 1 HP stage, 2 power stages | |
| T/O power | 938–1,032 kW (1,258–1,384 hp) | 1,177–968 kW (1,578–1,298 hp) |
| power/weight | 4.58–5.03 kW/kg (2.79–3.06 hp/lb) | 5.47–4.27 kW/kg (3.33–2.60 hp/lb) |
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