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Andhra Pradesh lies between 12°41' and 19.07°N latitude and 77° and 84°40'E longitude, and is bordered byTelangana to the north and west,Chhattisgarh to the north-west,Orissa to the north, theBay of Bengal to the east,Tamil Nadu to the south andKarnataka to the southwest and west. Andhra Pradesh has a coastline of around 974 km, which gives it the second longest coastline in the nation.[1] Two major rivers, theGodavari and theKrishna run across the state. A small enclave 12 sq mi (30 km²), theYanam district ofPuducherry, lies in the Godavari Delta in the north east of the state. The state includes the eastern part of Deccan plateau as well as a considerable part of the Eastern Ghats.
Historically the region comprising the state was known asAndhraapatha,Andhradesa,Andhraavani, andAndhravishaya.[2]
The climate of Andhra Pradesh is generally hot and humid in the lowland coastal regions, while it is mostly semi-arid in parts ofAnantapur district,Sri Sathya Sai district,Kurnool district andKadapa district. These areas fall under the rainshadow region of theWestern Ghats. The summer season in this state generally extends from March to May or June. During these months the moisture level is relatively higher than in winters, and it is generally higher in the coastal lowlands.
The summer is followed by the monsoon season, which starts in May or June and continues till October. This is the season for heavy tropical rains in Andhra Pradesh. The major role in determining the climate of the state is played by southwest monsoon. About one third of the total rainfall in Andhra Pradesh is brought by the northeast monsoons around the month of October. The lowest rainfall occurs inAnantapur district, at 311 mm per year, while the highest occurs inAlluri Sitharama Raju district at 738 mm.
The winters in Andhra Pradesh are cooler, and this is when the state attracts most of its tourists. October to February are the winter months in Andhra Pradesh. Since the state has quite a long coastline,[3] the winters are comparatively mild. The temperature in winter ranges from around 13 °C to 30 °C in coastal areas and from about 15 °C to 36 °C in the rainshadow. There is a long mountain pass in theEastern Ghats between the dry deciduous forests of theSeshachalam hills as far north as theNallamala Hills, spanning a distance of over 300 kilometres. The mountain pass consists of major towns, includingVenkatagiri,Badvel,Porumamilla,Giddalur andMarkapur. It is only about 15 kilometres wide, and divides the Deccan Plateau from the lowlands.
Andhra Pradesh is divided into three regions, namelyCoastal Andhra,Uttarandhra andRayalaseema.[4]
Andhra Pradesh has 26 districts:Anantapur,Annamayya,Anakapalli,Alluri Sitharama Raju,Bapatla,Chittoor,East Godavari,Eluru,Guntur,NTR,Kakinada,Konaseema,Krishna,Kurnool,Nandyal,Sri Potti Sreeramulu Nellore,Prakasam,Parvathipuram Manyam,Palnadu,Srikakulam,Sri Sathya Sai,Tirupati,Visakhapatnam,Vizianagaram,West Godavari andYSR Kadapa
Prakasam is the largest district of the stateAndhra Pradesh with an area of 14,322 km2.
Each district is divided into multiplemandals, and each mandal has many villages.
Visakhapatnam is the largest city in the state followed byVijayawada,Guntur. Other important cities and towns areKakinada,Rajahmundry,Tirupati,Nellore,Ongole,Kurnool andEluru.
Capital:Amaravati | |
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