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| Free Synagogue of Flushing | |
|---|---|
 The synagogue as seen from Kissena Boulevard and Sanford Avenue | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Reform Judaism |
| Ecclesiastical or organisational status | Synagogue |
| Status | Active |
| Location | |
| Location | 41-60Kissena Boulevard,Flushing,Queens,New York City,New York 11355 |
| Country | United States |
  Location inNew York City | |
| Geographic coordinates | 40°45′33″N73°49′40″W / 40.75917°N 73.82778°W /40.75917; -73.82778 |
| Architecture | |
| Architect(s) | Maurice Courland |
| Type | Synagogue |
| Style | Neoclassical |
| Date established | 1917(as a congregation) |
| Completed | 1921 |
| Specifications | |
| Dome(s) | One |
| Materials | Masonry, copper, timber, asphalt |
| Website | |
| freesynagogueflushing | |
Free Synagogue of Flushing | |
| Area | less than one acre |
| NRHP reference No. | 09000834 |
| Added to NRHP | October 16, 2009 |
| [1][2] | |
TheFree Synagogue of Flushing is aReform Jewish congregation and historicsynagogue located at 41-60Kissena Boulevard in theFlushing neighborhood ofQueens inNew York City,New York, United States. The synagogue's establishment is based on the free synagogue movement, started byStephen Samuel Wise. The building was added to theNational Register of Historic Places in 2009.
The Free Synagogue of Flushing was founded in 1917 on Sanford Avenue by the Hebrew Women's Aid Society, in keeping with the philosophy of the first Free Synagogue, theStephen Wise Free Synagogue in Manhattan. In theNew York Tribune in 1906, an interview with Rabbi Wise explained his plans and meaning of "free synagogue": "The Free Synagogue will, as its name implies, be free in so far as its pulpit will be free and untrammeled, free to voice without free or scruple the high moral and spiritual teachings of the synagogue. It will thus do much to regain the moral support, which church and synagogue alike, alas! are losing or have lost."[3] These principles include freedom of the pulpit, freedom in religious philosophy, freedom in terms of seating, and men and women are equal in participation and leadership. For much of its history, the synagogue has been a bastion of liberal thought and social activism. It is the oldest Reform congregation in Queens.
When the synagogue was established with the aid of Rabbi Sidney Goldstein of the Stephen Wise Free Synagogue, it purchased the white house at the then quiet intersection of Kissena Boulevard and Sanford Avenue. The first synagogue was a stately pillared mansion designed by the architectural firm of McKim, Mead & White, which stood on the corner of the lot. Some years later, the synagogue membership had grown so large it was decided a new sanctuary had to be built. DuringWorld War I, the Hebrew Women's Aid Society commissioned the architect Maurice Courland to build a synagogue on Kissena Boulevard.[citation needed]
During its early years, the synagogue was served by three rabbis for relatively short periods of time. They included Rabbi Bernard Cantor, who left on a mission for the Joint Distribution Committee to help oppressed Jews in Eastern Europe. While doing his humanitarian work, Cantor was murdered by bandits in southern Russia. The anniversary of his death is still observed.[citation needed]
Cantor was succeeded by RabbiAbraham J. Feldman, who later went to Hartford, Connecticut, and he in turn was followed by Rabbi Maxwell Silver, a brother of RabbiAbba Hillel Silver, the famedZionist and counselor to a number of American presidents. When Silver left in 1922, the temple turned to Wise for help, and he selected Rabbi Max Meyer to serve on a "temporary basis", which lasted 40 years. Meyer was the prime mover in the growth and development of the Free Synagogue of Flushing. He also served as chairman of the North Shore branch of the Long Island division of theAmerican Jewish Congress.[citation needed]
Rabbi Charles Agin came to Flushing in 1958 to assist Meyer, and quickly gained the affection and confidence of the congregation. A year later, Rabbi Agin received an officer's commission and was inducted into the Armed Forces. When he returned, Rabbi Agin was named assistant rabbi and principal of the religious school, and at the retirement of Meyer, he was named to succeed him and was granted life tenure. During his 50 years of service, Rabbi Agin presided over expansion of the temple, including a new administration building, the Rabbi Max Meyer Religious School which supports children 6 through 16 with an after school Hebrew education and other facilities.He is Emeritus Dean ofMesifta Adath Wolkowisk.[citation needed]
Michael Weisser joined as rabbi in September 2008, when the synagogue had around 100 members, down from several hundred decades earlier. A graduate ofHebrew Union College's cantorial program in the 1970s, he was ordained in 2001.[4] He has participated in the planning and execution of the Queens Unity Walk, which brings together people of various faiths for a day of learning. He is currently involved in the creation of an interfaith council that will serve the ethnically and religiously diverse borough of Queens. Recently, he was among those chosen to deliver an invocation at New York City MayorMichael Bloomberg’s Interfaith Breakfast.
When Weisser was a cantor inLincoln, Nebraska, Larry Trapp, the Grand Dragon of theWhite Knights of the Ku Klux Klan threatened him and his family. The rabbi's response was to reach out to the one behind the threats. He ultimately befriended Mr. Trapp and was instrumental in changing him from a lifelongracist to a renouncer ofhatred who spoke out publicly againstbigotry. Three months before his death fromdiabetes-relatedkidney disease in 1992, Trapp converted toJudaism under Rabbi Weisser's guidance, in the very same synagogue he once plotted to blow up.[5] A book was written about these events;[6] dramatised byMichael Ching's 2012 opera calledSlaying the Dragon. Rabbi Weisser retired in June 2016 and returned to Nebraska.
Nationally known[citation needed] Steven Pearlston, a professional opera singer and director, was the synagogue's cantor and music director for 35 years until his resignation in July 2014. He possessed a broad knowledge of the full range of the Jewish liturgical, classical and secular musical repertoires, as well as Jewish history and philosophy. He was the cantor of the only synagogue in Queens which had a professional choir at all services. The choir performed behind an ornate grate above the pink marbled Ark. During the first 47 years, the synagogue did not have a cantor with the rabbi conducting services and the congregation singing the responses. In 1923, it obtained an organ which ranks in quality with some of the finest organs in Europe.[citation needed]
As of August 2022[update], the Free Synagogue of Flushing was led by Rabbi Nathan Alfred, who previously administered to Reform congregations in Luxemburg, Singapore and Israel, and Cantor Alan Brava, also the congregation's executive director.The Free Synagogue of Flushing has an active youth and adult education program. It provides space to various political, community organizations, and fledgling church groups. Throughout its history, the synagogue has remained active in social action causes. Every year, it commemoratesMartin Luther King Jr.'s birthday in its sanctuary and hostsinterfaith events. Since 2020, the Synagogue has had an active food drive for its surrounding community, and it served as vaccination site during the COVID-19 pandemic.[citation needed]
The white Victorian-style building that White built was moved in 1926 to the Sanford Avenue frontage of the synagogue to make way for a larger sanctuary, the present Free Synagogue of Flushing. Thisneoclassical building designed by Maurice Courland, who is a specialist in synagogue design, features a massiveportico supported by fourIonic pillars. Ascending the stately steps is magnificent sanctuary where dark greenpilasters support the walls upon which rest the enormous dome. The building is beautified with ornamental Judaic motifs, such as a seven-branched menorah right outside the doors of the synagogue.[7]Tiffany style stained glass windows crafted in Czechoslovakia bathe the sanctuary in rich, radiant colors. Inscribed in the front is the verse"FOR MINE HOUSE SHALL BE CALLED A HOUSE OF PRAYER FOR ALL PEOPLE" (Isaiah 56:7).
The windows depictNoah's Ark, thelions of Judah, great swirls of leaves and vines and delicate flowers used in theSukkot prayer, and the two hands of thePriestly Blessing. In the center of the domed ceiling that covers the entire sanctuary is a smaller stained-glass dome designed around aStar of David and intricate, gold-leaf filigree, hand-turned and carved, graces the wood that is a dark green color. It is a synagogue-in-the-round which provides a sense of intimacy during its spiritual services. In 1964, a three-story school building was added to accommodate the religious school and adult education classes. It is listed on both the New York State[citation needed] andNational Register of Historic Places.[2][8]
In 2009-2011 the synagogue building underwent an extensive renovation. The new windows, on the south side of the temple near Sanford Avenue are the latest part of the ongoing repairs. TheNew York Landmarks Conservancy awarded their first-ever Historic Synagogue Fund award for the restoration of its monumental stained glass windows and wood sash, and in December 2011, the synagogue dedicated its new stained glass windows with prayers led by Rabbi Michael S. Weisser.[citation needed]
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