TheSovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM) is asovereignentity maintainingdiplomatic relations with 113 sovereign states (including theHoly See).^[1] Additionally, it hasobserver status or representation at multipleintergovernmental organisations.^[2] The Order has non-diplomatic official relations with six more states:France,Belgium,Switzerland,Luxembourg,Canada and theUnited Kingdom.^[1][3][4] The Order exchanges ambassadors with theEuropean Union and theState of Palestine.^[1][2]

Some states recognize SMOM as a sovereign state, rather than a sovereign subject of international law. For example, the Republic of San Marino in 1935 recognized SMOM as a sovereign state in its own right.^[5][6][7] As Italy recognizes, in addition to extraterritoriality, the exercise by SMOM of all the prerogatives of sovereignty in its headquarters, Italian sovereignty and SMOM sovereignty uniquely coexist without overlapping.^[8]

As of June 2010^[update], nineSchengen states did not recognize the diplomaticpassports of the Order: Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Greece, France, Finland, Sweden, Iceland, and Switzerland.^[9]

#	Country	Date
—	Holy See	February 1930[10]
1	Romania	December 1932[11]
2	Spain	19 November 1938[12]
3	Haiti	1947[13]
4	Panama	2 August 1948[14]
5	Argentina	7 June 1951[15]
6	El Salvador	1951[13]
7	Brazil	17 January 1952[16]
8	Colombia	28 January 1953[17]
9	Peru	15 April 1953[18]
10	Ecuador	29 July 1953[19]
11	Chile	24 February 1956[20]
12	Italy	12 June 1956[21]
13	Lebanon	1956[13]
14	Costa Rica	8 August 1957[22]
15	Nicaragua	12 September 1957[23]
16	Austria	6 December 1957[24]
17	Dominican Republic	1957[25]
18	Paraguay	10 January 1958[26]
19	Guatemala	23 June 1959[27]
20	Cuba	29 July 1959[28]
21	Honduras	1959[25]
22	Liberia	1959[25]
23	Cameroon	4 July 1961[25]
24	Somalia	28 November 1961[25]
25	Bolivia	15 June 1962[29]
26	Portugal	19 December 1962[30]
27	Gabon	1963[25]
28	Philippines	24 April 1965[31]
29	Senegal	1965[25]
30	Uruguay	1965[25]
31	Malta	27 June 1966[32]
32	Venezuela	3 August 1970[33]
33	Niger	9 January 1971[34]
34	Ethiopia	February 1971[35]
35	Benin	1972[25]
36	Ivory Coast	1972[25]
37	Togo	5 September 1973[36]
38	Burkina Faso	1973[25]
39	Mauritania	3 March 1977[37]
40	Mauritius	18 July 1978[38]
41	Egypt	1980[25]
42	Central African Republic	1981[25]
43	Comoros	1981[25]
44	Thailand	4 September 1984[39]
45	Democratic Republic of the Congo	1984[25]
46	San Marino	4 March 1986[40]
47	Guinea	24 June 1986[41]
48	Mali	1986[25]
49	Morocco	1986[25]
50	Chad	1989[25]
51	Czech Republic	8 June 1990[42]
52	Hungary	15 June 1990[43]
53	Poland	9 July 1990[44]
54	Madagascar	1990[25]
55	Lithuania	9 July 1992[45]
56	Slovenia	15 July 1992[46]
57	Russia	7 August 1992[47]
58	Croatia	22 December 1992[48]
59	Republic of the Congo	1992[25]
60	Cambodia	1992[25]
61	Sudan	1992[25]
62	Slovakia	1 January 1993[49]
63	Kazakhstan	4 February 1993[50]
64	Seychelles	June 1994[51]
65	Albania	14 July 1994[52]
66	Liechtenstein	7 November 1994[53]
67	Bulgaria	11 November 1994[54]
68	Latvia	15 August 1995[55]
69	Belarus	30 April 1996[56]
70	North Macedonia	12 July 1996[56]
71	Equatorial Guinea	16 July 1996[56]
72	Cape Verde	1996[25]
73	Bosnia and Herzegovina	31 January 1997[57]
74	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	February 1997[58]
75	Federated States of Micronesia	12 November 1997[59]
76	Guinea-Bissau	1997[25]
77	Mozambique	1997[25]
78	São Tomé and Príncipe	1997[25]
79	Armenia	29 May 1998[60]
80	Georgia	24 July 1998[61]
81	Suriname	30 April 1999[62]
82	Guyana	19 May 1999[63]
83	Eritrea	1999[25]
84	Saint Lucia	1999[25]
85	Belize	1999[25]
86	Afghanistan	1999[25]
87	Moldova	5 May 2001[64]
88	Serbia	11 May 2001[65]
89	Tajikistan	1 June 2001[66]
90	Marshall Islands	3 May 2002[67]
91	Kiribati	2002[25]
92	Jordan	29 June 2003[68]
93	Angola	13 December 2005[69]
94	Montenegro	5 September 2006[70]
95	Timor-Leste	18 September 2006[71]
96	Kenya	14 September 2007[72]
97	Monaco	18 October 2007[73]
98	Turkmenistan	30 October 2007[72]
99	Ukraine	9 February 2008[72]
100	Bahamas	11 November 2008[72]
101	Sierra Leone	28 November 2008[72]
102	Namibia	31 March 2009[72]
103	Antigua and Barbuda	20 October 2009[72]
104	Cyprus	6 June 2012[74]
105	South Sudan	14 November 2014[75]
106	Grenada	6 November 2015[76]
107	Germany	15 November 2017[77]
108	Nauru	5 October 2018[78]
109	Estonia	11 March 2020[79]
110	Greece	2 December 2021[80]
111	Lesotho	7 December 2021[81]
112	Gambia	20 September 2023[82]
113	Burundi	25 October 2024[83]
114	Andorra	16 June 2025[84]

#	Name	Diplomatic relations established	Notes
1	Ecuador	29 July 1953[19]	On 10 February 2012, PresidentRafael Correa issued a decree to withdraw recognition and initiate the process of cancelling relations.[85] Later on, the relations were restored by PresidentLenín Moreno on 24 September 2019.[86]
–	European Union	1987	Ambassador level relations.[2]
2	Italy	12 June 1956[21]	TheSupreme Court of Cassation decreed on 6 June 1974 that, "the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Malta constitutes a sovereign international subject, in all terms equal, even if without territory, to a foreign state with which Italy has normal diplomatic relations, so there is no doubt, as already this Supreme Court has warned, that it has the legal treatment of foreign states".[87] As Italy recognizes, in addition to extraterritoriality, the exercise by SMOM of all the prerogatives of sovereignty in its headquarters, Italian sovereignty and SMOM sovereignty uniquely coexist without overlapping.[8]
–	Palestinian Authority		Ambassador level relations.[1]

Name	Official relations established	Region	Notes
Belgium	1960	Europe
Switzerland	1960	Europe
France	1982	Europe	France does not recognise the SMOM as a subject of international law.[88]
Luxembourg	1995	Europe
Canada	4 June 2008	North America	Canada established official relations in June 2008, with its Ambassador to the Holy See accredited to the Order of Malta.[89]
United Kingdom	9 October 2024	Europe	The Sovereign Military Order of Malta established official relations with the United Kingdom on 9 October 2024.[90]

The Order of Malta has unofficial relations withTaiwan through theEmbassy of the Republic of China to the Holy See inRome (Italy).^[91]

Countries with which the Order currently has no established relations:

• Europe:Denmark,Finland,Iceland,Ireland,Netherlands (recognises as a knightly order),^[92]Norway,Sweden,Switzerland
• Africa:Algeria,Botswana,Djibouti,Eswatini,Ghana,Libya,Malawi,Nigeria,Rwanda,South Africa,Tanzania,Uganda,Zambia,Zimbabwe
• Asia:Azerbaijan,Bahrain,Bangladesh,Bhutan,Brunei,Indonesia,India,Iran,Iraq,Israel,Japan,Kuwait,Kyrgyzstan,Laos,Malaysia,Maldives,Mongolia (accepts its stamps),^[93]Myanmar,Nepal,North Korea,Oman,Pakistan,People's Republic of China,Qatar,Saudi Arabia,Singapore,South Korea,Sri Lanka,Syria,Taiwan,Turkey,Tunisia,United Arab Emirates,Uzbekistan,Vietnam,Yemen
• Oceania:Australia,Cook Islands,Fiji,New Zealand,Niue,Palau,Papua New Guinea,Samoa,Solomon Islands,Tonga,Tuvalu,Vanuatu
• The Americas:Barbados,Dominica,Jamaica,Mexico,Saint Kitts and Nevis,Trinidad and Tobago,United States of America

The Order of Malta has observer status at the following organizations:^[2]

The Order of Malta has delegations or representations to the following organizations:^[2]

• List of diplomatic missions of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
• List of diplomatic missions to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
• List of permanent observers of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta to the United Nations

• Foreign relations of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

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• Articles with Romanian-language sources (ro)
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• Short description matches Wikidata
• Articles containing potentially dated statements from June 2010
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