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 FAW Group headquarters in Changchun | |||||||
Native name | 中国第一汽车集团有限公司 | ||||||
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| Company type | State-owned enterprise | ||||||
| Industry | Automotive | ||||||
| Founded | 15 July 1953; 71 years ago (15 July 1953) | ||||||
| Headquarters | , China | ||||||
Area served | Asia-Pacific (exceptTaiwan,South Korea,Japan),Central Asia,Middle East and North Africa,Sub-Saharan Africa,Latin America,Caribbean | ||||||
Key people | Qiu Xiandong (chairman) [1] Liu Yigong (president) [2] | ||||||
| Products | Automobiles Buses Trucks Automotive components | ||||||
Production output | 3,500,000 units (2021)[3] | ||||||
| Revenue |  US$ 89.5 billion (2023)[4] | ||||||
 US$ 2.9 billion (2023)[4] | |||||||
| Total assets | US$ 99.5 billion (2023)[4] | ||||||
Number of employees | 119,658 (2023)[4] | ||||||
| Divisions | |||||||
| Subsidiaries | List
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| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 第一汽车集团 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 第一汽車集團 | ||||||
| Literal meaning | First Automotive Group | ||||||
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| Abbreviation | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 中国一汽 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 中國一汽 | ||||||
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| Website | faw.com | ||||||
China FAW Group Corp., Ltd. (First Automotive Works) is a Chinesestate-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered inChangchun,Jilin.[5] Founded on 15 July 1953,[6][7] it is currently the second largest of the "Big Four" state-owned car manufacturers of China, together withSAIC Motor,Dongfeng Motor Corporation andChangan Automobile.[8]
The company produces and sells vehicles under its own branding, such asHongqi,Bestune (Benteng) as well as under foreign-branded joint ventures such asFAW-Toyota andFAW-Volkswagen (Volkswagen, Audi, Jetta).
Its principal products are automobiles, buses, light, medium and heavy-duty trucks,[9] and auto parts.[10] FAW became China's first automobile manufacturer when it unveiled the nation's first domestically produced passenger car, the Hongqi, in 1958.[11]
As a state-owned enterprise of China, FAW Group is controlled and managed bySASAC, which under Chinese law performs the functions of an investor.[12]
The company has threepublicly traded subsidiaries:FAW Jiefang Group Co., Ltd. (SZSE:000800), Changchun FAWAY Automobile Components Co., Ltd. (SSE:600742) and Qiming INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Co., Ltd. (SZSE:002232).[13]
First Automotive Works broke ground on its first factory in 1953 (the first year of the firstfive-year plan),[14][9] and produced its first product, the Jiefang CA-10 truck (based on the SovietZIS-150) in 1956.[15]
Soviet Union lent assistance during these early years providing technical support, tooling, and production machinery.[14] Before the first factory opened, 39 Chinese FAW employees traveled to theStalin Truck Factory for instruction in truck production.[15] Operations were conducted under Soviet direction, and the USSR is even credited with choosingChangchun as the location for the first FAW facility.[16]
First Automotive Works initially made only commercial trucks,[9] but started producing passenger cars in 1958.[15] These vehicles,Hongqi luxury sedans, were the first domestically produced Chinese automobiles.[15] Made primarily for the party elite, the design changed little over their thirty-year production run.[17] Following this, FAW's Audi products are the traditionally favoured choice for rankingChinese state officials.[18]
The First Automotive Works "winged 1" badge is derived from the Chinese 一汽 ("一" meaning "one" and "汽", from "汽车" meaning "automotive") and depicts a hawk spreading its wings, 一 (1).[19] The logo was introduced in 1964.[20]
During theThird Front campaign to develop strategic industries in China's rugged interior to prepare for potential invasion from the United States or the Soviet Union, the First Automotive Works transferred a third of its workforce to develop the Second Automotive Works.[21]: 202–204
In 1992, the name First Automotive Works was changed to FAW Group Corporation.[19]
Though FAW was the fourth Chinese automaker to take on Western partners, its early joint venture withVolkswagen in 1990 saw it become the second Chinese auto company to develop a strong cooperative relationship with a foreign counterpart.SAIC was the first, in 1984 and also withVW.[22]
Volkswagen was the first foreign partner for FAW, but others soon followed. The company acquired 50% ownership of Tianjin Automotive Xiali in September, 2002, and renamed the brandFAW Tianjin.[23] As a result, FAW ended up withToyota as a foreign joint venture partner.[24] FAW established a joint venture withGeneral Motors in 2009[25] and has joint ventures with a handful of other foreign companies as well.
The company produced more than 1.5 million vehicles in 2008, and in 2009 it was the largest machinery corporation and the second largest auto manufacturer in China.[26] In 2010, the 2.56 million units sold made it the third most-productive vehicle maker in China that year, and one of its offerings, the FAW Xiali, was the 7th most-purchased car in China in 2010.[27] It produced 2.6 million vehicles in 2011, the third-largest output of any China-based company.[28] While it retained its third place rank, the number of whole vehicles produced in 2012 slowed to 2.3 million.[29] Passenger cars made up a relatively scant 64% of total production that year.[29]
In July 2021, FAW transferred 49% of the shares of FAW Haima to Hainan Development Holdings Co., Ltd. (Hainan Holdings) at no charge. Haima Automobile holds 51% of the shares in FAW Haima, while Hainan Holdings hold 49% of the shares.[30]
As of 2024, many other brands have been liquidated, leaving only Hongqi and Bestune as passenger car brands.
FAW sold products under at least ten different brands including its own, but most of its brands has been discontinued or consolidated intoHongqi,Jiefang andBestune brand currently.
Hongqi is a Chinese luxury car marque owned by the automaker FAW Group. Hongqi was launched in 1958, making it the oldest Chinese passenger car marque. In Chinese,hongqi means "red flag."
Jiefang is the medium and heavy trucks brand of FAW Group. The first truck rolled off of the lines in 1956, which was the first ever-built truck by thePeople's Republic of China.
Jiefang became a subsidiary on 18 January 2003 with two subsidiaries of its own, Qingdao Truck Division and FAW Trading Company, it is one make of Jiefang branded trucks.[31]
Bestune was established on August 18, 2006,[32] It may also be known asBen Teng.[33] It serves as the passenger car brand in FAW Group.
| Year | Total | FAW Group | FAW Jiefang | FAW Bestune | FAW Haima | FAW Jilin | FAW Tianjin | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hongqi | Jiefang | Bestune | Oley | Haima | Senia | Jiabao | Junpai | Xiali | ||
| 2010 | 1,038,290 | 193 | 394,739 | 132,212 | - | 140,332 | 48,499 | 70,795 | - | 245,920 |
| 2011 | 907,337 | 2 | 280,104 | 112,816 | - | 156,212 | 41,090 | 62,555 | - | 250,153 |
| 2012 | 718,327 | 127 | 230,026 | 72,484 | 6,545 | 131,642 | 41,270 | 49,672 | - | 183,976 |
| 2013 | 723,969 | 2,981 | 276,956 | 121,254 | 6,300 | 113,446 | 40,424 | 39,554 | - | 129,392 |
| 2014 | 627,006 | 2,708 | 239,450 | 179,453 | 6,933 | 90,426 | 17,666 | 17,776 | 4,041 | 68,018 |
| 2015 | 505,849 | 5,044 | 178,300 | 147,897 | 1,936 | 70,938 | 14,159 | 22,705 | 29,308 | 35,541 |
| 2016 | 505,711 | 5,052 | 231,203 | 105,670 | 863 | 63,029 | 50,440 | 10,612 | 16,595 | 21,909 |
| 2017 | 572,862 | 4,702 | 317,445 | 116,472 | 186 | 39,369 | 62,290 | 5,308 | 17,598 | 9,482 |
| 2018 | 543,986 | 33,028 | 338,302 | 88,708 | 197 | 22,507 | 36,248 | 3,375 | 17,674 | 11,22 |
| 2019 | 589,832 | 100,166 | 352,702 | 120,193 | discontinued | 4,452 | 5,818 | 683 | 3,771 | 221 |
| 2020 | 779,403 | 200,338 | 492,622 | 83,391 | 2,936 | discontinued | discontinued | |||
| 2021 | 846,803 | 300,638 | 454,426 | 77,218 | 14,521 | |||||
| 2022 | 555,406 | 309,657 | 170,049 | 75,700 | divested | |||||
| 2023 | 732,328 | 370,000 | 241,662 | 120,666 | ||||||
| 2024 | 813,632 | 411,777[40] | 251,078[41] | 150,777[42] | ||||||
Created in 2003,[43] FAW operates this joint venture with Japanese automakerToyota throughTianjin FAW. Key subsidiaries include:
Operates a passenger car production base in the Nansha Economic Development District ofGuangzhou,Guangdong province.[44]
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Operates a passenger car production base in theChenghua District ofSichuan province and another inChangchun,Jilin province.[44] As of 2008, its 10,000 units/year capacity production base in Changchun makes theToyota Prius and theToyota Land Cruiser. The other production base it controls may make buses.[45]
This equally owned joint venture with Toyota makes engines at its production bases in theXiqing District ofTianjin and at theTianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone. Combined, both bases can produce 440,000 units annually.[45]
Making engines at a 130,000 units/year capacity production base in the Changchun Economic and Technology Development Zone, this equally owned joint venture was established in 2004.[45]
Established in 1991, this large-scale automobile manufacturer is a joint venture between FAW Group andVolkswagen AG which, as of 2003, have ownership stakes of 60% and 40%, respectively.[46] It manufacturesAudi andVolkswagen-branded automobiles for sale in China.[47]
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This subsidiary of FAW's joint venture with VW controls production bases inChengdu,Sichuan province.[48]
A joint venture with General Motors that mainly produces Jiefang light-duty trucks,[49] this JV includes the Harbin Light Vehicle and FAW Hongta Yunnan factories.[50]
This joint venture withGeneral Motors mainly produces Jiefang light-duty trucks.[49]
This joint venture with US based design firm Silk EV produces high end luxury hybrid sports cars.[51]
FAW has at least 28 wholly owned subsidiaries and controlling shares in 18 partially owned subsidiaries. These include the wholly owned subsidiariesFAW Jiefang Truck Co Ltd andFAW Bus and Coach Co Ltd, and the publicly tradedFAW Car Co Ltd, Tianjin FAW Xiali Automobile Co Ltd, and Changchun FAWAY Automobile Components Co Ltd.[9]
The following is an incomplete list.
Chengdu FAW producesHuaxi brand light and medium buses based on theToyota Coaster.[52] Originally the Sichuan Bus Company, it became a partially-owned subsidiary in 2002 after acquisition by FAW.[52]
Created in 1997 from the merger of Changchun Gear Factory, the FAW No. 2 Engine Factory, the FAW No. 2 Car Factory, and the former FAW No. 1 Car Factory,[53] thispublicly listed subsidiary produces cars, transmissions,[53] and engines.[54] It has a production base in westernChangchun,Jilin province.[55]
Founded in 1959, it produces buses sold under theTaihu brand.
Created in 1997 when FAW purchased a controlling interest in Hongta Yunnan Automobile Co Ltd, this subsidiary company, as of 2003, produces 1/2-3 ton pickups and light trucks as well as license-builtDaihatsu models.[56] This factory was included in theFAW-GM Light Duty Commercial Vehicle joint venture.[50]
Founded in 1980, this company became a wholly owned subsidiary of FAW Group in either 1987[57] or March 1991.[58] It manufactures compact trucks and buses originally based on Suzukis. More recently, Jilin participated in a five-year-long joint venture withDaihatsu.[59]
As of 2012, this company has two factories and some of the products it produces carry the Oley brand.[34]
Established in 1997, this part-owned subsidiary designs, produces, and markets medium and heavy truck bodies, wheels, and components for both FAW and other manufacturers.[60]
Established in 1965, this FAW Group subsidiary made military vehicles until partnering with FAW in the 1990s.[61] It has since produced pickups, Jiefang trucks, and mini-vehicles (small trucks and vans that see commercial use).[61] This factory was included in theFAW-GM Light Duty Commercial Vehicle joint venture.[50]
FAW has production bases located in 14 provinces throughout China[5] including the provinces ofGuangdong,[76]Hainan,[9]Heilongjiang,[9]Jilin,[9]Liaoning,[77]Shandong,[9]Sichuan,[9] andYunnan.[9] Non-provincial locales includePudong[36] andTianjin.[9]
FAW headquarters are located inChangchun,Jilin province, and operations here include an R&D and test center.[78] Additionally, FAW has two production bases here—one produces for theFAW-Volkswagen joint venture and the other makes self-branded autos.[79]
An unfinished production base in the Longquan Economic Development Zone inChengdu,Sichuan province, replaces an olderSichuan base and will produce passenger cars for a FAW-Toyota joint venture, Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co Ltd, when it is completed in 2010.[80]
FAW Jiefang Truck Co Ltd also has a production base here.[36]
Another site in Chengdu produces cars forFAW-Volkswagen,[48] and a second VW production base is, as of 2009, scheduled to be built in the city.[81]
The Dalian division of FAW Bus and Coach Co Ltd manufactures Jiefang and Yuan Zheng brand medium and large-size buses in a production base inDalian,Liaoning province.[38] An unfinished bus production base in at the Dalian Economic & Technological Development Zone is expected to be complete in mid-2010 and will produce hybrid buses.[77]
Another Dalian base produces engines for commercial trucks, construction equipment, and agricultural machinery.[68]
As of 2010, 150,000 units/year production capacity FAW-VW production base will soon be built in thisGuangdong province city.[76]
Located in the sunny, southern vacation spot ofHainan island and built in 1958, Hainan Island Test Grounds is an auto testing site that includes a test track.[37] FAW Hainan Automobile Co Ltd operates FAW's southernmost production facility here.[37]
A production base on the island manufactures license-built Mazdas.
A planned production base at the Aviation & Automobile Development Zone (Pingfang Development Zone) in the city ofHarbin,Heilongjiang province, will see completion in December 2010 and produce light trucks.[61]
FAW Jiefang Truck Co Ltd has a production base inPudong New Area in Shanghai.[36]
Plants No. 1, 2, and 3 in the city ofTianjin produce automobiles for the FAW-Toyota joint venture Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co Ltd.[82] Plant No. 1 is in Yangliuqing Town, Xiqing District,[82] and plants No. 2 and 3 are located in the Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone and began production in 2007.[82] Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co Ltd also has an engine plant in Tianjin.[83]
A FAW Jiefang Truck Co Ltd medium, heavy, and severe-duty truck production base is located inQingdao,Shandong province.[36]
While primarily manufacturing products for sale in its home market, FAW began exports to foreign countries in 1957 with the sale of three commercial trucks to a businessperson inJordan.[15] FAW has shipped its products to more than eighty nations,[5] including Egypt,[84] Iraq,[85] Kenya,[85] Mexico,[86] Myanmar,[87] Pakistan,[85] Russia,[71] South Africa, Iran,[88][89]Zimbabwe and Uruguay.[57]
NAZ-Nakhchivan Automobile Plant has assembled FAW cars inNakhchivan,Azerbaijan, since 2020.[citation needed]
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