Competitors attempt to achieve the best time in four disciplines:slalom,giant slalom,super G, anddownhill. The fifth event, thecombined, employs the downhill and slalom. The World Cup originally included only slalom, giant slalom, and downhill races. Combined events (calculated using results from selected downhill and slalom races) were included starting with the1974–75 season, while the Super G was added at the1982–83 season.
Thecurrent scoring system was implemented in the1991–92 season. For every race points are awarded to the top 30 finishers: 100 points to the winner, 80 for second, 60 for third, winding down to 1 point for 30th place. The racer with the most points at the end of the season in mid-March wins the cup, represented by a 9 kilogram crystal globe.[2] Sub-prizes are also awarded in each individual race discipline, with a smaller 3.5 kg crystal globe.
Since1967, the big crystal globe has been awarded for the overall title. From the beginning to1971–72, discipline titles were awarded with medals. Statistically, those titles have the same value as the small crystal globes, which first appeared for discipline titles inslalom,giant slalom anddownhill in the1977–78. Insuper-G, the small globe has been awarded since1985–86. For super-g races in the three seasons previous, points were added and calculated in the giant slalom ranking.
The World Cup is held annually, and is considered the premier competition for alpine ski racing after the quadrennialWinter Olympics. Many consider the World Cup to be a more valuable title than the Olympics or the biennialWorld Championships, since it requires a competitor to ski at an extremely high level in several disciplines throughout the season, and not just in one race.[3]
Races are hosted primarily atski resorts in theAlps in Europe, with regular stops inScandinavia, North America, and east Asia, but a few races have also been held in the Southern Hemisphere. World Cup competitions have been hosted in 25 countries around the world: Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany,Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States.[4]
Combined crystal globes were officially awarded from 2007 to 2012. Here are counted all season titles, official and unofficial. The records for most World Cup titles in each discipline are as follows:
Only four men's and three women's racers have ever managed to win a small crystal globe in four or more different alpine skiing disciplines during their career, as listed in the tables below.
A common measurement of how good individual skiers are is the total number of World Cup races won during their skiing career. The following skiers have won at least 20 World Cup races:
Only a few racers have ever managed to win races in all five classic World Cup alpine skiing disciplines during their career, as listed in the table below.Marc Girardelli (1988–89),Petra Kronberger (1990–91),Janica Kostelić (2005–06) andTina Maze (2012–13) are the only skiers to have won all five events in a single season.Bode Miller is the only skier with at least five World Cup victories in all five disciplines.
Mikaela Shiffrin is the only skier in history who has won in six different disciplines—i.e., aside from the classic five disciplines, she has also won in parallel slalom.
Note: Only parallel events from (1975, 1997, 2011–2013, 2016) which count for overall ranking, included on this list, are considered as official individual World Cup victories.
Based on ski-database super ranking system (since 1966), this scoring system is calculated using points from three categories:Olympic Games,World Championships, and World Cup (overall titles, discipline titles and individual top ten results).
Parallel slaloms from 1976 to 1991 counted for Nations Cup. There were no limitations regarding the number of athletes who could enter the competition, but each main event was limited to 32 competitors.
Parallel city event is a version of parallel slalom where only Top16 ranked are allowed to compete. Length of the track and course/gates setting are also different from classic parallel slalom, and as of 2019/20 season, they are completely replaced with normal parallel races with qualification run.
There were a total of two races (one in the men's category and one in the women's category) and it was in2002/03 season. The points were added together with slalom races.
Introduced by the International Ski Federation to the World Cup as a spectator-friendly event in late 2015, the parallel giant slalom competition, or shortenedparallel-G, joining the parallel slalom, is intended to lure more speed specialists into the faster of the two technical disciplines, along with attracting their fans to watch the races at the venue, on-line, and on television.[7] Few venues offer the slope and conditions required to host an extremely short Giant slalom course that can be readily viewed in its entirety by a compact gallery of fans. Modified or not, the Federation has not suggested that they will push the format to lower-level tours like the NorAm and Europa Cup.
The Chief Race Director of the inaugural event at Alta Badia, Markus Waldner, on 20 December 2015 stated that "great performances" and "head-to-head fights" between the best giant slalom racers is the goal of the competition. The course for the first race was very compact at about 20–22 seconds duration, or about one-third of a normal GS run. The pace and cadence was the same as Giant slalom, not standard Slalom. Gates were set at roughly the same distances as GS and on a slope of about the same pitch. The field of thirty-two were drawn following an invitational format. The top four men in the overall World Cup rankings were automatic invitees, if they chose to compete. Another 16 racers were selected from the top of the current GS start list rankings, and the final twelve competitors were selected from the 1st run efforts at the standard GS event the day prior at the same venue. Overlapping qualifications allowed the sponsors to invite lower ranked participants to fill in gaps, as needed, and to replace individuals who declined to participate. Points were awarded and accumulated according to current standards for the race season in all relevant categories: the GS discipline, Overall and Nations Cup. The field was filled with thirty-two first round participants, each getting a run on either course. The best combined times moved the fastest racer to the second round through bracket preference protocols. From the second round, skiers the head-to-head competitions were held over one run only, with the faster skier from the previous round granted course selection between the 'red-right' or 'blue-left' course. At about one-third the time of a standard GS event, top performers/finalists were able to make multiple runs without the fatigue of a longer event. The course was methodically set with lasers, and a GPS-equippedSnowcat, to guarantee that both courses on the hill were as identical as possible to ensure equity and a fair competition. The Race Director suggested the difference between the two lanes were within "1–to–2 centimeters" tolerance of one another.
The World Cup scoring system is based on awarding a number of points for each place in a race, but the procedure for doing so and the often-arcane method used to calculate the annual champions has varied greatly over the years. Originally, points were awarded only to the top ten finishers in each race, with 25 points for the winner, 20 for second, 15 for third, 11 for fourth, 8 for fifth, 6 for sixth, 4 for seventh, then decreasing by one point for each lower place. To determine the winner for each discipline World Cup, only a racer's best three results counted, from a typical six to eight races in each discipline (consistent with the then-current classification of skiers as amateurs, who couldn't be expected compete all the time). For the overall Cup, only these best three results in each discipline were included. Until 1970, the results of Winter Olympic Games races and Alpine World Ski Championship races were also included in the World Cup points valuation (i.e.,Grenoble 1968 andVal Gardena 1970); this was abandoned after 1970, mainly due to the limited number of racers per nation who are permitted to take part in these events. Beginning with the1971–72 season (the sixth season), the number of results counted was increased to five in each discipline. The formula used to determine the overall winner varied almost every year over the next decade, with some seasons divided into two portions with a fixed number of results in each period counting toward the overall, while in other seasons the best three or four results in each discipline would count.
Starting with the1979–80 season (the 14th season), points were awarded to the top 15 finishers in each race. After1980–81, the formula for the overall title stabilized for several years, counting the best 5 results in the original disciplines (slalom,giant slalom, anddownhill) plus the best three results incombined. WhenSuper G events were introduced for the1982–83 season, the results were included with giant slalom for the first three seasons, before a separate Cup for the discipline was awarded starting in1985–86 and the top 3 Super G results were counted toward the overall. The formula for the overall was changed yet again thefollowing season, with the top four results in each discipline counting, along with all combined results (although the combined was nearly eliminated from the schedule, reduced to one or two events per season).
This perennial tweaking of the scoring formula was a source of ongoing uncertainty to the World Cup racers and to fans. The need for a complete overhaul of the scoring system had grown increasingly urgent with each successive year, especially once theFIS and the International Olympic Committee accepted after 1984 that the skiers were fully professional and not amateurs, so they no longer needed an artificial limitation on their number of events.
In1987–88 (the 22nd season), theFIS decided to simplify the system: all results would now count in each discipline and in the overall. This new system was an immediate success, and the practice of counting all results has been maintained in every subsequent season.
With the ongoing expansion of the number and quality of competitors in World Cup races over the years, another major change to the scoring system was implemented in the1991–92 season (the 26th season). Instead of only the top 15 skiers scoring points, with 25 points awarded for winning, 20 for second, and 15 for third (as had been done every season after the end of1978-79), the top 30 finishers in each race would now earn points, with 100 for the winner, 80 for second, 60 for third, and then decreasing by smaller increments for each lower place. The point values were adjusted slightlythe following season (to adjust and reduce the points for places 4th through 20th), and the scoring system has not been changed again since that year.
The table below compares the point values under all five scoring systems which have been in use:
† The scoring system changed during the1978–79 season; this special system was used for the last two men's downhills and the last three races in every other discipline except combined.
Since the Top 30 scoring system was implemented in1991–92., the number of completed men's or women's World Cup races each year has ranged from 30 to 44, so the maximum possible point total for an individual racer is about 3000–4400 under the current scoring system. Very few racers actually ski in all events.Bode Miller is the only skier who competed in every World Cup race[23] during the three seasons from2003 to2005. The current record for total World Cup points in a season isTina Maze's 2414 points in2012–13, with the men's record of 2042 points set byMarco Odermatt in2022–2023. The fewest points for an overall champion under the current system thus far have been 1009 for men byAksel Lund Svindal in2008–09 and 1248 for women byVreni Schneider in1994–95. The largest margin of victory in the overall has beenMaze's 1313 points in2012–13, more than doubling second-place finisherMaria Höfl-Riesch's total, while the largest men's margin was 743 points byHermann Maier in2000–01. Note that in the early days of World Cup (when the first place was awarded only 25 points), even larger relative margins of victory were recorded in1967 byJean-Claude Killy with 225 points overHeinrich Messner with 114 points and in1973–74 byAnnemarie Moser-Pröll with 268 points overMonika Kaserer with 153 points. The closest finishes since 1992 have been minuscule margins of 6 points in1994–95 (Vreni Schneider overKatja Seizinger), 3 points in2004–05 (Anja Pärson overJanica Kostelić) and in2010–11 (Maria Riesch overLindsey Vonn), and only 2 points in2008–09 (Aksel Lund Svindal overBenjamin Raich). The current men's record for total World Cup points in one month of the season isIvica Kostelić's 999 points from January 2011.
The tables below contain a brief statistical analysis of the overall World Cup standings during the 21 seasons since the Top 30 scoring system was implemented in1991–92. In general, over 1000 points are needed to contend for the overall title. At least 1 man and 1 woman has scored 1000 points in each of these seasons, but no more than 5 men's or women's racers have crossed that threshold in any single season. Of the 42 men's and women's overall champions in these years, 38 scored over 1200 points, 30 had over 1300 points, 19 reached 1500 points, and only 7 amassed more than 1700 points during their winning seasons. As for the runners-up, 37 of the 42 second-place finishers scored over 1000 points, 18 had over 1300 points, and only 4 reached 1500 points yet failed to win. Most overall titles have been won quite convincingly, by more than 200 points in 23 of 42 cases, while only 11 margins of victory have been tighter than 50 points.
Since 1993 theInternational Ski Federation (FIS) has hosted a World Cup Final at the end of each season in March. During five days, men's and women's races are held in four disciplines:slalom,giant slalom,Super G, anddownhill, as well as a team event. Only a limited number of racers are invited to ski at the Finals, including the top 25 in the World Cup standings in each discipline, the current junior World Champions in each discipline, and any skiers with at least 500 points in the general classification. Because of the smaller field, World Cup points are only awarded to the top 15 finishers in each race.
From inception, the finals took place during one week, with the speed events held during the week and the technical events during the weekend. However, in 2024, the schedule was changed so that the finals took up two weekends, with the technical events held during the first weekend and the speed events held during the second. Then, in 2025, the finals took up a week and a half, with the speed events held during the first weekend and the technical events held on weekdays during the second week.
Individual race wins are counted in this table, along with the nations team events held at World Cup Finals since 2006 (counts double as men and women in mixed competition contribute to a win). The "parallel race" is a head-to-head slalom race format used occasionally from the 1970s through 1990s, and again in 2011. Team event wins are doubled (because on one team event race competed both women and men; so it's counted separately each for women and men). Results for West Germany and Germany are counted together in this table. All ofYugoslavia's wins are currently lumped in with Slovenia, since the skiers who won races for former Yugoslavia were all Slovenes from Slovenia (one of six Yugoslav Republics), and thus are listed under Slovenia in online databases. TheSoviet Union and Russia are counted separately, as areCzechoslovakia and the Czech Republic.
A total of 25 countries have won World Cup races, with 21 countries winning men's races and a different 21 winning women's races. As expected, the top ten nations in this list are the ten nations listed in the Nations Cup summary table (with slight changes in order).
Marc Girardelli accounted for all of Luxembourg's 46 wins, making Luxembourg the country that has won the most races among men without winning any among women.Slovakia, with 36 wins (31 fromPetra Vlhová), has the most wins among women without any wins among men.Janica Kostelić has 30 of Croatia's 62 wins and her brotherIvica had 26.Ingemar Stenmark still has about 40% of Sweden's 212 wins more than three decades after his retirement. Liechtenstein has 69 wins in total, mostly coming from one family:Hanni Wenzel had 33, her brotherAndreas had 14, and her daughterTina Weirather had 9 (for a total of 56).
Some nations specialize in either speed (downhill and Super G) or technical (slalom and GS) disciplines, while others are strong across the board. Among nations with 30+ wins, the Canadian team has won 71% of its races in speed events, while Slovakia has won 100%, Croatia 93%, and Sweden 91% of their races in technical events, especially notable in Sweden's case given its large number of wins. Several nations with under 30 wins have almost 100% of them in technical events, led by Finland and Spain. In contrast Germany and Norway have the most even distribution without disproportionate strength or weakness in any one discipline. Some nations have strong teams in only one gender, as 93% of Norway's wins have come from their men, and 77% of Germany's and 67% of the United States's wins have come from their women, while the Swiss, French and Canadian totals are split almost equally.
Serge Lang
Bob Beattie
Markus Waldner(M)
Peter Gerdol(W)
Marc Girardelli
Pirmin Zurbriggen
Aksel Lund Svindal
Maria Höfl-Riesch
Günther Mader
Anja Pärson
Janica Kostelić
Mont St. Anne
Sierra Nevada
Furano
Andreas Wenzel
Bojan Križaj
Moscow
Hanni Wenzel
Olga Charvátová
Petra Vlhová
Dave Ryding
Tanja Poutiainen
Media related toFIS Alpine Ski World Cup at Wikimedia Commons
