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Eustachy Erazm Sanguszko | |
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| Prince | |
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| Coat of arms | Pogoń Litewska coat of arms |
| Born | (1768-10-26)26 October 1768 Radzyń Podlaski |
| Died | 2 December 1844(1844-12-02) (aged 76) Slavuta |
| Family | Sanguszko |
| Consort | Klementyna Czartoryska |
| Issue | Dorota Sanguszko Roman Sanguszko Władysław Hieronim Sanguszko |
| Father | Hieronim Janusz Sanguszko |
| Mother | Cecylia Urszula Potocka |
Prince Eustachy Erazm Sanguszko (1768–1844) was a Polishnobleman, general, military commander, diplomat and politician.
Eustachy Erazm Sanguszko was born in 1768 toHieronim Janusz Sanguszko andCecylia Usrzula Potocka.
In the years 1780–1786, Sanguszko graduated from the military school ofStrasbourg and served in theRégiment Royal-Allemand (together withStanisław Mokronowski) of theFrench Royal army.
On 3 February 1789, Sanguszko began service in theCrown Army as acaptain in the8th National Cavalry Brigade [pl]. On 5 October 1789, he was promoted tomajor, and on 28 April 1792, to vice-brigadier.[1] He was a representative of theLublin Voivodeship in theGreat Sejm of 1788–1792.[2] Sanguszko partook in theWar of the Second Partition where he fought at theBattle of Zieleńce as a cavalry brigadier, receiving theVirtuti Militari in its wake on 23 June. On 29 July 1792, the 24-year-old Sanguszko was promoted tobrigadier,[1] having taken over the command of the whole brigade on 25 June. As theTargowica Confederation had won, he joined theImperial Russian Army to save his goods and possessions from confiscation.
During theKościuszko Uprising in 1794 he was a major general and a divisional commander. At theBattle of Szczekociny he saved Kościuszko's life. Then during the siege ofWarsaw he was wounded.
He was a member of the general staff ofNapoleon Bonaparte during the Russian campaign (with the rank of brigadier general) and took part in the march on Moscow. In theDuchy of Warsaw he was thevice-Regimentarz of thepospolite ruszenie (general call-up).
To protect family land holdings inUkraine, Sanguszko refused to participate in PrincePoniatowski's1813 campaign, for which the commander-in-chief, an old friend, punished him harshly with a dishonourable discharge from the army.
After the fall of Napoleon, Sanguszko settled on his ancestral lands that included the battlefield ofZieleńce. There he often pondered on past historic events in which he took part and described his thoughts in his "Memoirs".[3] Between 1817–1820 he was the governor marshal ofVolhynia.
On 26 June 1798, inSlavuta, he marriedKlementyna Czartoryska with whom he had three children: Dorota (1799-1831),Roman (1800-81), andWładysław (1803–70). Earlier on he had been romantically involved withJulia Lubomirska.[4]
He was decorated with theKnight's Cross of the Polish Virtuti Militari and Chevalier of the FrenchLegion of Honour.
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