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Ettore Bugatti

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Italian-born French automobile designer and manufacturer (1881–1947)
Ettore Bugatti
A black and white photograph of Ettore Bugatti taken in 1932
Bugatti in 1932
Born
Ettore Arco Isidoro Bugatti

(1881-09-15)15 September 1881
Milan, Italy
Died21 August 1947(1947-08-21) (aged 65)
Paris, France
Resting placeDorlisheim, France
CitizenshipItalian, French
OccupationAutomotive engineer
Years active1898–1947
EmployerAutomobiles E. Bugatti (founder)
Parents
Relatives

Ettore Arco Isidoro Bugatti (15 September 1881 – 21 August 1947) was an Italian (naturalized French[1])automobile designer and manufacturer. He received French citizenship in 1946. He is remembered as the founder and proprietor of the automobile manufacturing companyAutomobiles E. Bugatti, which he founded in 1909 in the then German town ofMolsheim in theAlsace region of what is now France. Bugatti died inParis, and is buried inDorlisheim, France.

Family origin and early life

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Bugatti was born into an artistic family inMilan, Italy. He was the elder son ofCarlo Bugatti (1856–1940), an important ItalianArt Nouveau furniture and jewellery designer, and his wife, Teresa Lorioli (1862–1935). His younger brother,Rembrandt (1884–1916), was a renowned animal sculptor. His aunt, Luigia Bugatti, was the wife of the painterGiovanni Segantini.[2] His paternal grandfather, Giovanni Luigi Bugatti, was an architect and sculptor.[3]

Bugatti's father intended that he follow a conventional technical apprenticeship with one of the Milanese tri-/quadricycle manufacturers, but the boy quickly demonstrated a deep instinctive understanding of the wide range of aspects of motor-vehicle construction, and withPrinetti & Stucchi constructed his"Bugatti Type 1" in 1898.[4]

Early career

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With financial support from a Count Gulinelli,[5] Bugatti developed a second prototype, theType 2, which was a prize-winning exhibit at theMilan Trade Fair in the Spring of 1901.[4] His design also caught the eye of Baron Adrien de Turckheim, who offered Bugatti the opportunity to come and design automobiles at hisLorraine-Dietrich car factory inNiederbronn.[4]Frontier changes following theFranco-Prussian War had left De Dietrich with two car factories in two different countries: the Niederbronn plant, to which Bugatti now relocated was inAlsace, which had been part of Germany since 1871, reverting to French control only in1919. In 1902 Ettore became the head of technology at De Dietrich.[6]

From 1902 through 1904,De Dietrich built hisType 3/4 andType 5/6/7, identified at the time with the name "De Dietrich, Licence Bugatti". While working for De Dietrich Bugatti metÉmile Mathis.[4] The two became first friends and then business partners, leaving De Dietrich in 1904 in order to produce automobiles of their own, which were identified with the name "Mathis-Hermes (Licence Bugatti)".[4] This arrangement lasted till 1906 after which the partners went their separate ways, and Bugatti set up a "Research centre" atIllkirch-Graffenstaden, now a suburb on the south-side ofStrasbourg.[4] He produced several prototypes, collaborating closely with theCologne basedDeutz company.[4]

In 1907, Bugatti was appointed Production Director ("Directeur des fabrications") with Deutz.[4] Here he designed theType 8/9. While employed at Deutz, Bugatti built theType 10 in the basement of his home. In 1913, Bugatti designed a small car forPeugeot, theType 19Bébé.

Automobiles E. Bugatti

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Main article:Bugatti

Despite being born in Italy, Bugatti established his automobile company,Automobiles E. Bugatti, in 1909 in the then German town ofMolsheim in the Alsace region of what is now France. The maker was known for some of the fastest, most luxurious, and technologically advanced road cars of its day. Exceptional engineering led to success in earlyGrand Prix motor racing, with a Bugatti being driven to victory in the firstMonaco Grand Prix.

Bugatti Type 59 Grand Prix

While displaced from his home in Alsace byWorld War I, Bugatti designed aeroplane engines, notably the somewhat baroque 16-cylinderU-16, which was never built in any large number and was installed in only a very few aircraft.[7][8] Between the wars Bugatti designed a successful motorized railcar dubbed the Autorail Bugatti, and won a government contract to construct an airplane, theModel 100. It was designed by Louis de Monge using two type 50B Bugatti engines but never flew due to the outbreak of World War II. Surgical instruments, designed by Bugatti for a friend who was a professor at a nearby hospital, are still in use to this day.[9]

Bugatti's son,Jean, was killed on 11 August 1939 at the age of 30 while testing aBugatti Type 57 tank-bodied race car near the Molsheim factory. After that, the company's fortunes began to decline.World War II ruined the factory in Molsheim, and the company lost control of the property. During the war, Bugatti planned a new factory at Levallois in Paris and designed a series of new cars.

Bugatti's concept of customer relations was somewhat eccentric. To a Bugatti owner who complained that his car was difficult to start on cold mornings, he is said to have retorted, "Sir! If you can afford a Type 35, you can surely afford a heated garage!"[10] Another famous line he told to a customer complaining about the brakes in one model was, "I make my cars to go, not stop!"[11] He was inducted into theAutomotive Hall of Fame in 2000.[12][13]

Personal life

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In 1907 Bugatti married Barbara Maria Giuseppina Mascherpa.[4] They had two daughters, L'Ébé in 1903 and Lidia in 1907,[14] and two sons,Jean in 1909,[15] andRoland in 1922.[16] His wife Barbara died in 1944, and Bugatti remarried in 1946, to Geneviève Marguerite Delcuze.[17] They had a daughter, Thérèse in 1942 and a son, Michel in 1945.[17]

Bugatti died at the American hospital in the inner-Paris suburb ofNeuilly, in the late summer of 1947.[4] Afflicted by a paralysis of his mental faculties, he had for several months been confined to the Paris apartment in therue Boissière, which he had owned since 1916.[4] He was almost certainly unaware of the court decision whereby his property in Alsace, which had been seized by the state in the feverish post-liberation frenzy of anger and retribution which his Italian origins had invited, was restored to him on 20 June 1947; Bugatti died just over two months later, on 21 August without having recovered consciousness.[4] Bugatti was buried in the Bugatti family plot at the municipal cemetery inDorlisheim, near Molsheim, in theBas-Rhin department of France. Molsheim'sMusée de la Chartreuse houses a section dedicated to his life, work, and legacy.

References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related toEttore Bugatti.
  1. ^Wood 1992, p. 360.
  2. ^Wood 1992, p. 11.
  3. ^Wood 1992, p. 10.
  4. ^abcdefghijkl"Automobilia".Toutes les voitures françaises 1947 (Salon de Paris: Octobre 1946 ).4. Paris: Histoire & collections: 15. 1997.
  5. ^Bugatti Type 2, The Robb Report
  6. ^"Bugatti - History".www.bugatti.com. Archived fromthe original on 2021-09-10. Retrieved2022-11-29.
  7. ^Jane’s fighting aircraft of WWI, originally published by Jane’s Publishing Company, 1919, re-printed by Studio Editions Ltd, London, 1990, pp. 275–277,ISBN 1-85170-347-0
  8. ^"the Bugatti revue: Bugatti License Aircraft Engines". Home.uni-one.nl. Archived fromthe original on 19 January 2020. Retrieved27 May 2011.
  9. ^"Bugatti Myths & Anecdotes".www.bugatti.com. Archived fromthe original on 9 November 2022. Retrieved9 November 2022.
  10. ^Ken Purdy, "The Bugatti,"Boys' Life, January 1966, p. 13
  11. ^"Ettore Bugatti Quotes".www.quoteswise.com.Archived from the original on 18 October 2018.
  12. ^"New Inductees into the Automotive Hall of Fame".Motorsport. 29 July 2015. Archived fromthe original on 25 August 2018. Retrieved15 March 2016.
  13. ^"Ettore Bugatti".Hall of Fame Inductees. Automotive Hall of Fame. 2000. Archived fromthe original on 16 March 2016. Retrieved15 March 2016.
  14. ^Wood 1992, p. 40.
  15. ^Wood 1992, p. 61.
  16. ^Wood 1992, p. 110.
  17. ^abWood 1992, p. 359.
Bibliography
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