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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name 17β-Hydroxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-3-yl β-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid | |
| Systematic IUPAC name (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-{[(1S,3aS,3bR,9bS,11aS)-1-hydroxy-11a-methyl-2,3,3a,3b,4,5,9b,10,11,11a-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-7-yl]oxy}oxane-2-carboxylic acid | |
| Other names E2-3G; 17β-Estradiol 3-(β-D-glucuronide) | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| KEGG | |
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| Properties | |
| C24H32O8 | |
| Molar mass | 448.512 g/mol |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Estradiol 3-glucuronide (E2-3G), also known as17β-estradiol 3-(β-D-glucuronide), is anaturally occurring andendogenousestrogen conjugate.[1] It is specifically the C3glucuronideconjugate ofestradiol, the majorestrogen in the body.[1] It is formed from estradiol in theliver byUDP-glucuronosyltransferase via attachment of glucuronic acid and is eventuallyexcreted inurine andbile.[2][3] Similarly to estrogensulfates likeestrone sulfate, estrogen glucuronides have much higherwater solubility than do unconjugated estrogens like estradiol.[3]
Estrogen glucuronides can be deconjugated into the corresponding free estrogens byβ-glucuronidase intissues that express thisenzyme, such as themammary gland.[2] As a result, estrogen glucuronides have estrogenic activity via conversion into estrogens.[2]
Estradiol 3-glucuronide is apositional isomer ofestradiol 17β-glucuronide.
| Estrogen | Other names | RBATooltip Relative binding affinity (%)a | REP (%)b | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ER | ERα | ERβ | ||||
| Estradiol | E2 | 100 | 100 | 100 | ||
| Estradiol 3-sulfate | E2S; E2-3S | ? | 0.02 | 0.04 | ||
| Estradiol 3-glucuronide | E2-3G | ? | 0.02 | 0.09 | ||
| Estradiol 17β-glucuronide | E2-17G | ? | 0.002 | 0.0002 | ||
| Estradiol benzoate | EB; Estradiol 3-benzoate | 10 | 1.1 | 0.52 | ||
| Estradiol 17β-acetate | E2-17A | 31–45 | 24 | ? | ||
| Estradiol diacetate | EDA; Estradiol 3,17β-diacetate | ? | 0.79 | ? | ||
| Estradiol propionate | EP; Estradiol 17β-propionate | 19–26 | 2.6 | ? | ||
| Estradiol valerate | EV; Estradiol 17β-valerate | 2–11 | 0.04–21 | ? | ||
| Estradiol cypionate | EC; Estradiol 17β-cypionate | ?c | 4.0 | ? | ||
| Estradiol palmitate | Estradiol 17β-palmitate | 0 | ? | ? | ||
| Estradiol stearate | Estradiol 17β-stearate | 0 | ? | ? | ||
| Estrone | E1; 17-Ketoestradiol | 11 | 5.3–38 | 14 | ||
| Estrone sulfate | E1S; Estrone 3-sulfate | 2 | 0.004 | 0.002 | ||
| Estrone glucuronide | E1G; Estrone 3-glucuronide | ? | <0.001 | 0.0006 | ||
| Ethinylestradiol | EE; 17α-Ethynylestradiol | 100 | 17–150 | 129 | ||
| Mestranol | EE 3-methyl ether | 1 | 1.3–8.2 | 0.16 | ||
| Quinestrol | EE 3-cyclopentyl ether | ? | 0.37 | ? | ||
| Footnotes:a =Relative binding affinities (RBAs) were determined viain-vitro displacement oflabeledestradiol fromestrogen receptors (ERs) generally ofrodentuterinecytosol.Estrogen esters are variablyhydrolyzed into estrogens in these systems (shorter ester chain length -> greater rate of hydrolysis) and the ER RBAs of the esters decrease strongly when hydrolysis is prevented.b = Relative estrogenic potencies (REPs) were calculated fromhalf-maximal effective concentrations (EC50) that were determined viain-vitroβ‐galactosidase (β-gal) andgreen fluorescent protein (GFP)productionassays inyeast expressing humanERα and humanERβ. Bothmammaliancells and yeast have the capacity to hydrolyze estrogen esters.c = The affinities ofestradiol cypionate for the ERs are similar to those ofestradiol valerate andestradiol benzoate (figure).Sources: See template page. | ||||||
