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Enéas Ferreira Carneiro | |
|---|---|
 Carneiro in 2004 | |
| Federal Deputy | |
| In office February 1, 2003 – May 6, 2007 | |
| Constituency | São Paulo |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1938-11-05)November 5, 1938[1] Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil[1] |
| Died | May 6, 2007(2007-05-06) (aged 68)[1] Rio de Janeiro, Brazil[1] |
| Political party | PRONA (1989–2006) PR (2006–2007) |
| Alma mater | Medicine and Surgery School of Rio de Janeiro[1] |
| Profession |
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| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Brazil |
| Branch/service |  Brazilian Army |
| Years of service | 1959–1965 |
| Rank |  Sergeant |
Enéas Ferreira Carneiro (Portuguese:[eˈnɛ(jj)ɐsfeˈʁejɾɐkaʁˈnejɾu]; November 5, 1938 – May 6, 2007) was a Brazilian polymath, cardiologist,[2] physicist, mathematician, professor, writer, military serviceman and politician.[3][4] He represented the state ofSão Paulo in theNational Chamber of Deputies (the lower house of theNational Congress) and ran forpresidency three times. He was founder and leader of thenationalist[5] and conservative[6][7]Party of the Reconstruction of the National Order (PRONA), which was usually seen as beingfar-right.[8][9]
Enéas was born and raised inAcre, in Brazil's far west. He lost his father at the age of nine and had to work to support his brothers and his mother. In 1958 he left Acre to begin studies inRio de Janeiro, graduating in physics and mathematics. In 1959 he became an auxiliaryanesthesiologist. In 1965 he received a medical degree from the Rio de Janeiro College of Medicine, with a specialty incardiology. His academic pursuits, however, were not confined to medicine, and he has written articles on diverse subjects, including philosophy,logic androbotics.[citation needed] In 1980, he received a medical degree from the Cancer Hospital of Rio de Janeiro.
In 1989 he establishedPRONA. In that same year he ran for the presidency in Brazil's first direct elections after the end ofmilitary rule. Under the electoral laws, every candidate was given a daily amount of free airtime to set out their agenda. As the amount of airtime was proportional to the candidate's party political size, PRONA only got roughly 15 seconds of airtime for each TV appearance. Nevertheless, he made the most of the opportunity. His exotic image – he was a small,bald man with a large beard and thick "coke-bottle"glasses — drew attention, as did his inflamed speech. In what would become his trademark, he finished it with the catchphraseMeu nome é Enéas ("My name is Enéas") — perhaps a gesture of humility or informality, or perhaps a way to save valuable time. The previously unknown politician was placed 12th out of a field of 21 candidates.
He returned in 1994, making use then of 1 minute and 17 seconds. Surprising political experts, he finished ahead of various established politicians, such as the then-governor ofRio de Janeiro (Leonel Brizola), the former governor ofSão Paulo (Orestes Quércia), and the then-governor ofSanta Catarina (Esperidião Amin), with more than 4.6 million votes.
In 1998, Enéas got 35 seconds – less, in total airtime, than what he had in 1989 – to deliver a speech that was more nationalistic than ever. Its ideas, such as the construction of anatomic bomb,nationalization of Brazil's mineral resources, and increasing themilitary budget, sparked controversy. According to him, with such apparatus Brazil could impose its interests in the UN and other international treatises.
His project focused basically on education, believing that only a strong, interventionist and technical State would solve Brazil's problems. Although many may label him as an authoritarian, his political approach is similar to a social democracy like in Sweden and Finland for example, where the State is extremely important.
In 2000 he ran for mayor of the city ofSão Paulo, with no success, but he still managed to gain votes for the election of his councilman candidateHavanir Nimtz.
In 2002 he ran for a seat as a federal deputy, representing São Paulo, and secured the most-ever votes for that office. His party won enough votes, through the proportionality system, to elect five more deputies.
Enéas also participated actively in elections for mayors and councilmen in 2004, helping to choose councilmen in some major cities, such as Rio and São Paulo, and mayors in small cities.
In 2006 he was elected again as a federal deputy for São Paulo, this time with the third highest vote in the state.
Many saw Enéas as an exotic politician because of his direct criticism to Brazilians fraudulent politicians behavior. Enéas believed that by acting on TV what he called "the rage of the common citizen" would wake up Brazilian people against corrupt politicians.[10]
Enéas underwentchemotherapy in a hospital formyeloid leukemia. When it became clear that his treatment was not resulting in improvements, he decided to return home, where he remained until his death. Enéas died on May 6, 2007, at approximately 2 pm, in theLaranjeiras neighborhood of southern Rio de Janeiro. His remains were cremated and his ashes scattered over theBay of Guanabara.[11][12]
After his death, on May 8, 2007, Enéas was honored in a rally against abortion inBrasília, on May 8, 2007. According to the Party of the Republic, the politician was one of the organizers of the event.[13]
In 2017, then-deputy and later President of BrazilJair Bolsonaro proposed a bill to include Enéas' name in theBook of National Heroes.[14]
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