E numbers, short for Europe numbers, are codes for substances used asfood additives, including those found naturally in many foods, such asvitamin C, for use within theEuropean Union (EU)[1]: 27 andEuropean Free Trade Association (EFTA).[2] Commonly found onfood labels, their safety assessment and approval are the responsibility of theEuropean Food Safety Authority (EFSA).[3] The fact that an additive has an E number implies that its use was at one time permitted in products for sale in theEuropean Single Market; some of these additives are no longer allowed today.
Having a single unified list for food additives was first agreed upon in 1962 withfood colouring. In 1964, the directives for preservatives were added, in 1970 antioxidants were added, in 1974 emulsifiers, stabilisers, thickeners and gelling agents were added as well.[4]
The numbering scheme follows that of theInternational Numbering System (INS) as determined by theCodex Alimentarius committee,[5] though only a subset of the INS additives are approved for use in the European Union as food additives. Outside the European continent plus Russia, E numbers are also encountered on food labelling in other jurisdictions, including theCooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand,[6] Malaysia, Hong Kong,[7] and India.
In some European countries, the "E number" is used informally as a derogatory term for artificial food additives. For example, in the UK, food companies are required to include the "E number(s)" in the ingredients that are added as part of the manufacturing process. Many components of naturally occurring healthy foods and vitamins have assigned E numbers (and the number is a synonym for the chemical component), e.g.vitamin C (E300) andlycopene (E160d), found in carrots. At the same time, "E number" is sometimes misunderstood to imply approval for safe consumption. This is not necessarily the case, e.g.Avoparcin (E715) is an antibiotic once used in animal feed, but is no longer permitted in the EU, and has never been permitted for human consumption.Sodium nitrite (E250) is toxic.Sulfuric acid (E513) is caustic.
 | It has been suggested that this section besplit out into another article titledInternational Numbering System for Food Additives. (Discuss)(November 2023) |
| E number range | Subranges | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 100–199 (full list) Colours | 100–107 | yellows |
| 110–111 | oranges | |
| 120–129 | reds | |
| 130–139 | blues and violets | |
| 140–149 | greens | |
| 150–159 | browns and blacks | |
| 160–199 | gold and others | |
| 200–299 (full list) Preservatives | 200–209 | sorbates |
| 210–219 | benzoates | |
| 220–229 | sulfites | |
| 230–239 | phenols andformates (methanoates) | |
| 240–259 | nitrates | |
| 260–269 | acetates (ethanoates) | |
| 270–279 | lactates | |
| 280–289 | propionates (propanoates) | |
| 290–299 | others | |
| 300–399 (full list) Antioxidants andacidity regulators | 300–305 | ascorbates (vitamin C) |
| 306–309 | Tocopherol (vitamin E) | |
| 310–319 | gallates anderythorbates | |
| 320–329 | lactates | |
| 330–337 | citrates andtartrates | |
| 338–343 | phosphates | |
| 344–345 | citrates | |
| 349–359 | malates andadipates | |
| 360–369 | succinates andfumarates | |
| 370–399 | others | |
| 400–499 (full list) Thickeners,stabilisers andemulsifiers | 400–409 | alginates |
| 410–419 | natural gums | |
| 420–429 | other natural agents | |
| 430–439 | polyoxyethene compounds | |
| 440–449 | naturalemulsifiers | |
| 450–459 | phosphates | |
| 460–469 | cellulose compounds | |
| 470–489 | fatty acids and compounds | |
| 490–499 | others | |
| 500–599 (full list) pHregulators andanti-caking agents | 500–509 | mineral acids and bases |
| 510–519 | chlorides andsulfates | |
| 520–529 | sulfates andhydroxides | |
| 530–549 | alkali metal compounds | |
| 550–559 | silicates | |
| 570–579 | stearates andgluconates | |
| 580–599 | others | |
| 600–699 (full list) Flavour enhancers | 620–629 | glutamates and guanylates |
| 630–639 | inosinates | |
| 640–649 | others | |
| 700–799 (full list) Antibiotics | 700–713 | |
| 900–999 (full list) Glazing agents, gases andsweeteners | 900–909 | waxes |
| 910–919 | synthetic glazes | |
| 920–929 | improving agents | |
| 930–949 | packaging gases | |
| 950–969 | sweeteners | |
| 990–999 | foaming agents | |
| 1000–1599 (full list) Additional additives | 1100–1599 | New chemicals that do not fall into standard classification schemes |
Not all examples of a class fall into the given numeric range; moreover, certain chemicals (particularly in the E400–499 range) have a variety of purposes.
| It has been suggested that this section besplit out into another article titledInternational Numbering System for Food Additives. (Discuss)(November 2023) |
The list shows all components that have an E-number assigned,even those no longer allowed in the EU.
| Code | Name(s) | Colour | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| E100 | Curcumin (fromturmeric) | Yellow-orange | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E101 | Riboflavin (Vitamin B2), formerly called lactoflavin | Yellow-orange | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E101a | Riboflavin-5'-Phosphate | Yellow-orange | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E102 | Tartrazine (FD&C Yellow 5) | Yellow | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E103 | Alkannin[10] | Red-brown | |
| E104 | Quinoline Yellow WS | Dull or greenish yellow | Restricted use approved in the EU.[8][11] |
| E105 | Fast Yellow AB | Yellow | Forbidden in the EU and US.[12] |
| E106 | Riboflavin-5-Sodium Phosphate | Yellow | |
| E107 | Yellow 2G | Yellow | |
| E110 | Sunset Yellow FCF (Orange Yellow S, FD&C Yellow 6) | Yellow-orange | Restricted use approved in the EU.[8][11] Banned inNorway.[13] Products in the EU require warnings and its use is being phased out.[11] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E111 | Orange GGN | Orange | |
| E120 | Cochineal,Carminic acid,Carmine (Natural Red 4) | Crimson | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E121 | Citrus Red 2 | Orange to pink | Approved in the United States only for use in colouring the skin of oranges.[14] |
| E122 | Carmoisine (azorubine) | Red to maroon | Approved in the EU.[8] Undergoing a voluntary phase-out in the UK. Currently banned in Canada, Japan, Norway, USA[citation needed] EU currently evaluating health risks.[citation needed] |
| E123 | Amaranth (FD&C Red 2) | Red | Approved in the EU.[8] Banned in the United States.[15] |
| E124 | Ponceau 4R (Cochineal Red A, Brilliant Scarlet 4R) | Pink | Restricted use approved in the EU.[8][11] |
| E125 | Ponceau SX,Scarlet GN | Red | Only permitted for externally applied drugs and cosmetics in the US.[16][17][18] |
| E126 | Ponceau 6R | Red | |
| E127 | Erythrosine (FD&C Red 3) | Pink | Approved in the EU.[8] Banned in the US.[19] |
| E128 | Red 2G | Red or pink | Not approved in the EU.[11] |
| E129 | Allura Red AC (FD&C Red 40) | Red | Approved in the EU.[8] Banned inSwitzerland.[citation needed] Undergoing a voluntary phase out in the UK. Approved in the US.[9] |
| E130 | Indanthrene blue RS | Blue | |
| E131 | Patent Blue V | Sky blue | Approved in the EU.[8] Banned in the US and Australia.[citation needed] |
| E132 | Indigo carmine (indigotine, FD&C Blue 2) | Indigo | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E133 | Brilliant blue FCF (FD&C Blue 1) | Blue | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E140 | Chlorophylls andChlorophyllins: (i) Chlorophylls (ii) Chlorophyllins | Green | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E141 | Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins (i) Copper complexes of chlorophylls ii) Copper complexes of chlorophyllins | Green | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E142 | Green S | Green | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E143 | Fast Green FCF (FD&C Green 3) | Turquoise | Approved in the US. Banned in the EU. |
| E150a | Plain caramel | Brown | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E150b | Caustic sulfite caramel | Brown | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E150c | Ammonia caramel | Brown | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E150d | Sulfite ammonia caramel | Brown | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E151 | Black PN,Brilliant Black BN | Black | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E152 | Carbon black (hydrocarbon) | Black | |
| E153 | Vegetable carbon | Black | Approved in the EU.[8] Banned in the US.[20] |
| E154 | Brown FK (kipper brown) | Brown | Previously approved in the EU for dyeing kippers only: approval withdrawn November 2011.[11] |
| E155 | Brown HT (chocolate brown HT) | Brown | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E160a | Alpha-carotene,Beta-carotene,Gamma-carotene | Yellow-orange to brown | Approved in the EU.[8] Only beta-carotene is approved in the US[9] |
| E160b | Annatto,bixin,norbixin | Orange | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E160c | Paprika oleoresin: (i)capsanthin, (ii)capsorubin | Red | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E160d | Lycopene | Bright to deep red | Restricted use approved in the EU.[8][11] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E160e | Beta-apo-8'-carotenal (C 30) | Orange-red to yellow | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E160f | Ethyl ester of beta-apo-8'-carotenic acid (C 30) | Orange-red to yellow | Not approved in the EU.[11] |
| E161a | Flavoxanthin | Golden-yellow and brownish | |
| E161b | Lutein | Orange-red to yellow | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E161c | Cryptoxanthin | Orange-red | |
| E161d | Rubixanthin | Orange-red | |
| E161e | Violaxanthin | Orange | |
| E161f | Rhodoxanthin | Purple | |
| E161g | Canthaxanthin | Violet | Not approved in the EU.[11] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E161h | Zeaxanthin | Orange-red | |
| E161i | Citranaxanthin | Deep violet | |
| E161j | Astaxanthin | Red | |
| E162 | Beetroot Red,Betanin | Red | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E163 | Anthocyanins | pH dependent (Red, green and purple ranges) | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E164 | Saffron | Orange-red[colour?] | Approved in the US.[9] |
| E170 | Calcium carbonate,Chalk | White | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E171 | Titanium dioxide | White | No longer approved in the EU as of June 2022,[21] due to the identification of potential carcinogenic effects.[22] Approved in the US.[9] |
| E172 | Iron oxides andiron hydroxides | Brown | Approved in the EU.[8] Approved in the US for sausage casings.[9] |
| E173 | Aluminium | Silver to grey | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E174 | Silver | Silver | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E175 | Gold | Gold | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E180 | Pigment Rubine,Lithol Rubine BK | Red | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E181 | Tannin | Brown | |
| E182 | Orcein,Orchil | Purple |
| Code | Name(s) | Purpose | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| E200 | Sorbic acid | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E201 | Sodium sorbate | preservative | |
| E202 | Potassium sorbate | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E203 | Calcium sorbate | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E209 | Heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate | preservative | |
| E210 | Benzoic acid | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E211 | Sodium benzoate | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E212 | Potassium benzoate | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E213 | Calcium benzoate | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E214 | Ethylparaben (ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate) | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E215 | Sodium ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E216 | Propylparaben (propyl para-hydroxybenzoate) | preservative | |
| E217 | Sodium propyl para-hydroxybenzoate | preservative | |
| E218 | Methylparaben (methyl para-hydroxybenzoate) | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E219 | Sodium methyl para-hydroxybenzoate | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E220 | Sulfur dioxide | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E221 | Sodium sulfite | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E222 | Sodium bisulfite (sodium hydrogen sulfite) | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E223 | Sodium metabisulfite | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E224 | Potassium metabisulfite | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E225 | Potassium sulfite | preservative | |
| E226 | Calcium sulfite | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E227 | Calcium hydrogen sulfite (preservative) | firming agent | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E228 | Potassium hydrogen sulfite | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E230 | Biphenyl, diphenyl | preservative | Not approved in the EU. |
| E231 | Orthophenyl phenol | preservative | Not approved in the EU. |
| E232 | Sodium orthophenyl phenol | preservative | Not approved in the EU. |
| E233 | Thiabendazole | preservative | Not approved in the EU. |
| E234 | Nisin | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E235 | Natamycin, Pimaracin | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E236 | Formic acid | preservative | |
| E237 | Sodium formate | preservative | |
| E238 | Calcium formate | preservative | |
| E239 | Hexamine (hexamethylene tetramine) | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E240 | Formaldehyde | preservative | |
| E242 | Dimethyl dicarbonate | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E249 | Potassium nitrite | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] In April 2023 the French Court of Appeals of Limoges confirmed that food-watch NGO Yuka was legally legitimate in describing Potassium Nitrite "and other nitrates" E249 to E252 as a "cancer risk", and thus rejected an appeal by the Frenchcharcuterie industry against the organisation.[23] |
| E250 | Sodium nitrite | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E251 | Sodium nitrate (Chile saltpetre) | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E252 | Potassium nitrate (Saltpetre) | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E260 | Acetic acid (preservative) | acidity regulator | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E261 | Potassium acetate (preservative) | acidity regulator | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E262 | Sodium acetates (i)Sodium acetate (ii)Sodium diacetate (sodium hydrogen acetate) | preservative, acidity regulator | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E263 | Calcium acetate (preservative) | acidity regulator | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E264 | Ammonium acetate | preservative | Approved in Australia and New Zealand[25] |
| E265 | Dehydroacetic acid | preservative | |
| E266 | Sodium dehydroacetate | preservative | |
| E270 | Lactic acid (preservative) | antioxidant | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E280 | Propionic acid | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E281 | Sodium propionate | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E282 | Calcium propionate | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E283 | Potassium propionate | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E284 | Boric acid | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E285 | Sodium tetraborate (borax) | preservative | Approved in the EU.[8] |
| E290 | Carbon dioxide | acidity regulator | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E296 | Malic acid (acid) | acidity regulator | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E297 | Fumaric acid | acidity regulator | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| Code | Name(s) | Purpose | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| E400 | Alginic acid (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E401 | Sodium alginate (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E402 | Potassium alginate (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E403 | Ammonium alginate (thickener) (stabiliser) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E404 | Calcium alginate (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E405 | Propane-1,2-diol alginate (Propylene glycol alginate) (thickener) (stabiliser) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E406 | Agar (thickener) (gelling agent) | stabiliser | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E407 | Carrageenan (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E407a | Processed eucheuma seaweed (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E408 | Bakers yeast glycan | ||
| E409 | Arabinogalactan | ||
| E410 | Locust bean gum (Carob gum) (thickener) (stabiliser) (gelling agent) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E411 | Oat gum (thickener) | stabiliser | |
| E412 | Guar gum (thickener) | stabiliser | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E413 | Tragacanth (thickener) (stabiliser) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E414 | Acacia gum (gum arabic) (thickener) (stabiliser) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E415 | Xanthan gum (thickener) | stabiliser | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E416 | Karaya gum (thickener) (stabiliser) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E417 | Tara gum (thickener) | stabiliser | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E418 | Gellan gum (thickener) (stabiliser) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E419 | Gum ghatti (thickener) (stabiliser) | emulsifier | |
| E420 | Sorbitol (i) Sorbitol (ii) Sorbitol syrup (emulsifier) (sweetener) | humectant | Approved in the EU.[30] |
| E421 | Mannitol (anti-caking agent) | sweetener | Approved in the EU.[30] |
| E422 | Glycerol (emulsifier) | sweetener | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E424 | Curdlan | gelling agent | |
| E425 | Konjac (i)Konjac gum (ii)Konjac glucomannane | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] May not be used in confectionery owing to choking risk.[citation needed] |
| E426 | Soybean hemicellulose | Approved in the EU.[27] | |
| E427 | Cassia gum | Approved in 2010[29] | |
| E428 | Gelatin | ||
| E429 | Peptones | ||
| E430 | Polyoxyethene (8) stearate (emulsifier) | stabiliser | |
| E431 | Polyoxyethene (40) stearate | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E432 | Polyoxyethene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (polysorbate 20) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E433 | Polyoxyethene (20) sorbitan monooleate (polysorbate 80) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E434 | Polyoxyethene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate (polysorbate 40) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E435 | Polyoxyethene (20) sorbitan monostearate (polysorbate 60) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E436 | Polyoxyethene (20) sorbitan tristearate (polysorbate 65) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E440 | Pectins (i) pectin (ii) amidated pectin | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E441 | Gelatine (emulsifier) | gelling agent | |
| E442 | Ammonium phosphatides | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E443 | Brominated vegetable oil | emulsifier | |
| E444 | Sucrose acetate isobutyrate | emulsifier | |
| E445 | Glycerol esters of wood rosins | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E446 | Succistearin | ||
| E450 | Diphosphates: (i)Disodium diphosphate (ii)Trisodium diphosphate (iii)Tetrasodium diphosphate (iv)Dipotassium diphosphate (v)Tetrapotassium diphosphate (vi)Dicalcium diphosphate (vii)Calcium dihydrogen diphosphate | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E451 | Triphosphates: (i)Sodium triphosphate (pentasodium triphosphate) (ii)Pentapotassium triphosphate | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E452 | Polyphosphates: (i)Sodium polyphosphates (ii)Potassium polyphosphates (iii)Sodium calcium polyphosphate (iv)Calcium polyphosphates (v)Ammonium polyphosphate | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E459 | Beta-cyclodextrin | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E460 | Cellulose (i)Microcrystalline cellulose (ii)Powdered cellulose | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E461 | Methyl cellulose | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E462 | Ethyl cellulose | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E463 | Hydroxypropyl cellulose | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E464 | Hypromellose (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E465 | Ethyl methyl cellulose | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E466 | Carboxymethyl cellulose,Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E467 | Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose | ||
| E468 | Crosslinked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Croscarmellose) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] This additive is under discussion and may be included in a future amendment to the Directive on miscellaneous additives |
| E469 | Enzymicallyhydrolysedcarboxymethylcellulose | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E470a | Sodium, potassium and calcium salts of fatty acids (emulsifier) | anti-caking agent | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E470b | Magnesium salts of fatty acids (emulsifier) | anti-caking agent | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E471 | Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids (glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl distearate) | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E472a | Acetic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E472b | Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E472c | Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E472d | Tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E472e | Mono- and diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E472f | Mixed acetic and tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E472g | Succinylated monoglycerides | emulsifier | |
| E473 | Sucrose esters of fatty acids | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E474 | Sucroglycerides | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E475 | Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E476 | Polyglycerol polyricinoleate | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E477 | Propane-1,2-diol esters of fatty acids, propylene glycol esters of fatty acids | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E478 | Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propane-1 | emulsifier | |
| E479b | Thermally oxidized soya bean oil interacted with mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E480 | Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate | emulsifier | |
| E481 | Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E482 | Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E483 | Stearyl tartrate | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E484 | Stearyl citrate | emulsifier | |
| E485 | Sodium stearoyl fumarate | emulsifier | |
| E486 | Calcium stearoyl fumarate | emulsifier | |
| E487 | Sodium laurylsulfate | emulsifier | |
| E488 | Ethoxylated Mono- and Di-Glycerides | emulsifier | |
| E489 | Methyl glucoside-coconut oil ester | emulsifier | |
| E490 | Propane-1,2-diol | ||
| E491 | Sorbitan monostearate | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E492 | Sorbitan tristearate | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E493 | Sorbitan monolaurate | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E494 | Sorbitan monooleate | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E495 | Sorbitan monopalmitate | emulsifier | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| E496 | Sorbitan trioleate | emulsifier | |
| E497 | Polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene polymers | ||
| E498 | Partial polyglycerol esters of polycondensed fatty acids of castor oil | ||
| E499 | Stigmasterol-rich plant sterols | Approved in the EU.[27] |
| Code | Name(s) | Purpose | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| E620 | Glutamic acid | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E621 | Monosodium glutamate (MSG) | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E622 | Monopotassium glutamate | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E623 | Calcium diglutamate | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E624 | Monoammonium glutamate | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E625 | Magnesium diglutamate | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E626 | Guanylic acid | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E627 | Disodium guanylate, sodium guanylate | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E628 | Dipotassium guanylate | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E629 | Calcium guanylate | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E630 | Inosinic acid | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E631 | Disodium inosinate | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E632 | Dipotassium inosinate | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E633 | Calcium inosinate | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E634 | Calcium 5'-ribonucleotides | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E635 | Disodium 5'-ribonucleotides | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E636 | Maltol | flavour enhancer | |
| E637 | Ethyl maltol | flavour enhancer | |
| E640 | Glycine and its sodium salt | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| E650 | Zinc acetate | flavour enhancer | Approved in the EU.[24] |
| Code | Name(s) | Purpose | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| E701 | Tetracyclines | antibiotic | |
| E702 | Chlortetracycline | antibiotic | |
| E703 | Oxytetracycline | antibiotic | |
| E704 | Oleandomycin | antibiotic | |
| E705 | Penicillin G potassium | antibiotic | |
| E706 | Penicillin G sodium | antibiotic | |
| E707 | Penicillin G procaine | antibiotic | |
| E708 | Penicillin G benzathine | antibiotic | |
| E710 | Spiramycins | antibiotic | |
| E711 | Virginiamycins | antibiotic | |
| E712 | Flavomycin | antibiotic | |
| E713 | Tylosin | antibiotic | |
| E714 | Monensin A | antibiotic | |
| E715 | Avoparcin | antibiotic | |
| E716 | Salinomycin | antibiotic | |
| E717 | Avilamycin | antibiotic |
Authority control databases: National |
|---|
