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Ephrin A4

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(Redirected fromEFNA4)

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

EFNA4

Identifiers

Aliases

EFNA4, EFL4, EPLG4, LERK4, ephrin A4, LERK-4

External IDs

OMIM:601380;MGI:106643;HomoloGene:3830;GeneCards:EFNA4;OMA:EFNA4 - orthologs

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)^[1]

Band	1q21.3	Start	155,063,737bp^[1]
Band	1q21.3	End	155,069,553bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 3 (mouse)^[2]

Band	3 F1\|3 39.07 cM	Start	89,240,697bp^[2]
Band	3 F1\|3 39.07 cM	End	89,245,335bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

gonad

skin of leg

skin of abdomen

mucosa of transverse colon

right adrenal cortex

rectum

left adrenal gland

minor salivary glands

left adrenal cortex

gingival epithelium

Top expressed in

maxillary prominence

mandibular prominence

otic vesicle

ventricular zone

superior surface of tongue

genital tubercle

embryo

hand

saccule

More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	transmembrane-ephrin receptor activity protein binding ephrin receptor binding
Cellular component	anchored component of membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane membrane extracellular region intrinsic component of plasma membrane
Biological process	cell-cell signaling ephrin receptor signaling pathway axon guidance osteoclast differentiation bone remodeling
Sources:Amigo /QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


1945


13639

Ensembl


ENSG00000243364


ENSMUSG00000028040

UniProt


P52798


O08542

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_182690 NM_005227 NM_182689


NM_007910

RefSeq (protein)


NP_005218 NP_872631 NP_872632


NP_031936

Location (UCSC)

Chr 1: 155.06 – 155.07 Mb

Chr 3: 89.24 – 89.25 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Ephrin A4 is aprotein that in humans is encoded by theEFNA4gene.^[5]^[6]

This gene encodes a member of theephrin (EPH) family. The ephrins and EPH-related receptors comprise the largest subfamily of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and have been implicated in mediating developmental events, especially in thenervous system and inerythropoiesis. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to themembrane by aglycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which aretransmembrane proteins. This gene encodes an EFNA class ephrin. Threetranscript variants that encode distinct proteins have been identified.^[6]

References

[edit]

^^a ^b ^cGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000243364 –Ensembl, May 2017
^^a ^b ^cGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028040 –Ensembl, May 2017
^"Human PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Cerretti DP, Lyman SD, Kozlosky CJ, Copeland NG, Gilbert DJ, Jenkins NA, Valentine V, Kirstein MN, Shapiro DN, Morris SW (Jan 1997)."The genes encoding the eph-related receptor tyrosine kinase ligands LERK-1 (EPLG1, Epl1), LERK-3 (EPLG3, Epl3), and LERK-4 (EPLG4, Epl4) are clustered on human chromosome 1 and mouse chromosome 3".Genomics.33 (2):277–82.doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0192.PMID 8660976.
^^a ^b"Entrez Gene: EFNA4 ephrin-A4".

Flanagan JG, Vanderhaeghen P (1998). "The ephrins and Eph receptors in neural development".Annu. Rev. Neurosci.21:309–45.doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.21.1.309.PMID 9530499.
Zhou R (1998). "The Eph family receptors and ligands".Pharmacol. Ther.77 (3):151–81.doi:10.1016/S0163-7258(97)00112-5.PMID 9576626.
Holder N, Klein R (1999). "Eph receptors and ephrins: effectors of morphogenesis".Development.126 (10):2033–44.doi:10.1242/dev.126.10.2033.PMID 10207129.
Wilkinson DG (2000). "Eph receptors and ephrins: regulators of guidance and assembly".International Review of Cytology. Vol. 196. pp. 177–244.doi:10.1016/S0074-7696(00)96005-4.ISBN 978-0-12-364600-2.PMID 10730216.
Xu Q, Mellitzer G, Wilkinson DG (2001)."Roles of Eph receptors and ephrins in segmental patterning".Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci.355 (1399):993–1002.doi:10.1098/rstb.2000.0635.PMC 1692797.PMID 11128993.
Wilkinson DG (2001). "Multiple roles of EPH receptors and ephrins in neural development".Nat. Rev. Neurosci.2 (3):155–64.doi:10.1038/35058515.PMID 11256076.S2CID 205014301.
Kozlosky CJ, Maraskovsky E, McGrew JT, et al. (1995). "Ligands for the receptor tyrosine kinases hek and elk: isolation of cDNAs encoding a family of proteins".Oncogene.10 (2):299–306.PMID 7838529.
Gale NW, Holland SJ, Valenzuela DM, et al. (1996)."Eph receptors and ligands comprise two major specificity subclasses and are reciprocally compartmentalized during embryogenesis".Neuron.17 (1):9–19.doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80276-7.PMID 8755474.S2CID 1075856.
Ephnomenclaturecommittee (1997)."Unified nomenclature for Eph family receptors and their ligands, the ephrins. Eph Nomenclature Committee".Cell.90 (3):403–4.doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80500-0.PMID 9267020.S2CID 26773768.
Janis LS, Cassidy RM, Kromer LF (1999)."Ephrin-A binding and EphA receptor expression delineate the matrix compartment of the striatum".J. Neurosci.19 (12):4962–71.doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-12-04962.1999.PMC 6782661.PMID 10366629.
Choi S, Jeong J, Kim T, Park S (2000)."Characterization of ephrin-A1 and ephrin-A4 as ligands for the EphA8 receptor protein tyrosine kinase".Mol. Cells.9 (4):440–5.doi:10.1016/S1016-8478(23)13566-7.PMID 10515610.
Aasheim HC, Munthe E, Funderud S, et al. (2000). "A splice variant of human ephrin-A4 encodes a soluble molecule that is secreted by activated human B lymphocytes".Blood.95 (1):221–30.doi:10.1182/blood.V95.1.221.PMID 10607706.
Munthe E, Aasheim HC (2002)."Characterization of the human ephrin-A4 promoter".Biochem. J.366 (Pt 2):447–58.doi:10.1042/BJ20011693.PMC 1222801.PMID 12030849.

v t e Intercellular signaling peptides and proteins /ligands
Growth factors	Epidermal growth factor Fibroblast growth factor Nerve growth factor Platelet-derived growth factor Transforming growth factor beta superfamily Vascular endothelial growth factor
Ephrin	EFNA1 EFNA2 EFNA3 EFNA4 EFNA5 EFNB1 EFNB2 EFNB3
Other	Adipokine Agouti signaling protein Agouti-related protein Angiogenic protein CCN intercellular signaling protein Cysteine-rich protein 61 Connective tissue growth factor Nephroblastoma overexpressed protein Cytokine Endothelin EDN1 EDN2 EDN3 Hedgehog protein Interferon Kinin Parathyroid hormone-related protein Semaphorin Somatomedin Tolloid-like metalloproteinase Tumor necrosis factor Wnt protein
see alsoextracellular ligand disorders

Growth factor receptor modulators

Angiopoietin

Agonists:Angiopoietin 1
Angiopoietin 4

Antagonists:Angiopoietin 2
Angiopoietin 3

Kinase inhibitors:Altiratinib
CE-245677
Rebastinib

Antibodies:Evinacumab (against angiopoietin 3)
Nesvacumab (against angiopoietin 2)

CNTF

EGF (ErbB)

EGF (ErbB1/HER1)	Agonists:Amphiregulin Betacellulin EGF (urogastrone) Epigen Epiregulin Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) Murodermin Nepidermin Transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) Kinase inhibitors:Afatinib Agerafenib Brigatinib Canertinib Dacomitinib Erlotinib Gefitinib Grandinin Icotinib Lapatinib Neratinib Osimertinib Vandetanib WHI-P 154 Antibodies:Cetuximab Depatuxizumab Depatuxizumab mafodotin Futuximab Imgatuzumab Matuzumab Necitumumab Nimotuzumab Panitumumab Zalutumumab
ErbB2/HER2	Agonists:Unknown/none Antibodies:Ertumaxomab Pertuzumab Trastuzumab Trastuzumab deruxtecan Trastuzumab duocarmazine Trastuzumab emtansine Kinase inhibitors:Afatinib Lapatinib Mubritinib Neratinib Tucatinib
ErbB3/HER3	Agonists:Neuregulins (heregulins) (1,2,6 (neuroglycan C)) Antibodies:Duligotumab Patritumab Seribantumab
ErbB4/HER4	Agonists:Betacellulin Epigen Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) Neuregulins (heregulins) (1,2,3,4,5 (tomoregulin, TMEFF))

FGF

FGFR1	Agonists:Ersofermin FGF (1,2 (bFGF),3,4,5,6,8,10 (KGF2),20) Repifermin Selpercatinib Trafermin Velafermin
FGFR2	Agonists:Ersofermin FGF (1,2 (bFGF),3,4,5,6,7 (KGF),8,9,10 (KGF2),17,18,22) Palifermin Repifermin Selpercatinib Sprifermin Trafermin Antibodies:Aprutumab Aprutumab ixadotin Kinase inhibitors:Infigratinib
FGFR3	Agonists:Ersofermin FGF (1,2 (bFGF),4,8,9,18,23) Selpercatinib Sprifermin Trafermin Antibodies:Burosumab (against FGF23)
FGFR4	Agonists:Ersofermin FGF (1,2 (bFGF),4,6,8,9,19) Trafermin
Unsorted	Agonists:FGF15/19

HGF (c-Met)

Agonists:Fosgonimeton
Hepatocyte growth factor

Potentiators:Dihexa (PNB-0408)

IGF

IGF-1	Agonists:des(1-3)IGF-1 Insulin-like growth factor-1 (somatomedin C) IGF-1 LR3 Insulin-like growth factor-2 (somatomedin A) Insulin Mecasermin Mecasermin rinfabate Kinase inhibitors:BMS-754807 Linsitinib NVP-ADW742 NVP-AEW541 OSl-906 Antibodies:AVE-1642 Cixutumumab Dalotuzumab Figitumumab Ganitumab Robatumumab R1507 Teprotumumab Xentuzumab (against IGF-1 and IGF-2)
IGF-2	Agonists:Insulin-like growth factor-2 (somatomedin A) Antibodies:Dusigitumab Xentuzumab (against IGF-1 and IGF-2)
Others	Binding proteins:IGFBP (1,2,3,4,5,6,7) Cleavage products/derivatives with unknown target:Glypromate (GPE, (1-3)IGF-1) Trofinetide

LNGF (p75^NTR)

Antibodies:Against NGF:ABT-110 (PG110)
ASP-6294
Fasinumab
Frunevetmab
Fulranumab
MEDI-578
Ranevetmab
Tanezumab

Aptamers:Against NGF:RBM-004

Decoy receptors:LEVI-04 (p75^NTR-Fc)

PDGF

Agonists:Becaplermin
Platelet-derived growth factor (A,B,C,D)

RET (GFL)

GFRα1	Agonists:Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) Liatermin Kinase inhibitors:Vandetanib
GFRα2	Agonists:Neurturin (NRTN) Kinase inhibitors:Vandetanib
GFRα3	Agonists:Artemin (ARTN) Kinase inhibitors:Vandetanib
GFRα4	Agonists:Persephin (PSPN) Kinase inhibitors:Vandetanib
Unsorted	Kinase inhibitors:Agerafenib

SCF (c-Kit)

Agonists:Ancestim
Stem cell factor

TGFβ

Seehere instead.

Trk

TrkA	Agonists:Amitriptyline BNN-20 BNN-27 Cenegermin DHEA DHEA-S Gambogic amide NGF Tavilermide Antagonists:ALE-0540 Dexamethasone FX007 Testosterone Negative allosteric modulators:VM-902A Kinase inhibitors:Altiratinib AZD-6918 CE-245677 CH-7057288 DS-6051 Entrectinib GZ-389988 K252a Larotrectinib Lestaurtinib Milciclib ONO-4474 ONO-5390556 PLX-7486 Rebastinib SNA-120 (pegylated K252a)) Antibodies:Against TrkA:GBR-900;Against NGF:ABT-110 (PG110) ASP-6294 Fasinumab Frunevetmab Fulranumab MEDI-578 Ranevetmab Tanezumab Aptamers:Against NGF:RBM-004 Decoy receptors:ReN-1820 (TrkAd5)
TrkB	Agonists:3,7-DHF 3,7,8,2'-THF 4'-DMA-7,8-DHF 7,3'-DHF 7,8-DHF 7,8,2'-THF 7,8,3'-THF Amitriptyline BDNF BNN-20 Deoxygedunin Deprenyl Diosmetin DMAQ-B1 HIOC LM22A-4 N-Acetylserotonin NT-3 NT-4 Norwogonin (5,7,8-THF) R7 R13 TDP6 Antagonists:ANA-12 Cyclotraxin B Gossypetin (3,5,7,8,3',4'-HHF) Ligands:DHEA Kinase inhibitors:Altiratinib AZD-6918 CE-245677 CH-7057288 DS-6051 Entrectinib GZ-389988 K252a Larotrectinib Lestaurtinib ONO-4474 ONO-5390556 PLX-7486
TrkC	Agonists:BNN-20 DHEA NT-3 Kinase inhibitors:Altiratinib AZD-6918 CE-245677 CH-7057288 DS-6051 Entrectinib GZ-389988 K252a Larotrectinib Lestaurtinib ONO-4474 ONO-5390556 PLX-7486