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Doti सुदुर पश्चिमाञ्चल - Sudura Paścimāñcala | |
|---|---|
| Far-Western Development Region | |
 Seti River valley with Dipayal to the left | |
 Location of the Far-Western Region | |
| Country | Nepal |
| Headquarters | Dipayal Silgadhi |
| Area | |
• Total | 19,539 km2 (7,544 sq mi) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
• Total | 2,552,517 |
| • Density | 130/km2 (340/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+5:45 (NPT) |
| ISO 3166 code | NP-5 |
Doti (Nepali:डोटी), also known asDotigarh (डोटीगढ़) or theFar-Western Development Region was a development region of Nepal situated betweenRiver Kali borderingKumaon division ofUttarakhand, India in the west and theKarnali river on the east.[2] Doti was one of eight different princely states of theKatyuri Kingdom.
Doti covered the nine districts of modernSudurpashchim Province combined into two zones. They are:
Kailali and Kanchanpur District are in theTerai area and the rest are mountainous.
The name Doti is believed to have originated from the word Doab which means the land area between the confluence of two rivers.
Other view is that the original name of Doti wasdevatavi =dev +aatavi oraalaya (dev meaning Hindu God andaatavi meaning the place of re-creation or the place of attaining a meditation in Sanskrit).[3]
Doti was anancient kingdom in far western region ofNepal which was formed after the disintegration of theKatyuriKingdom ofKumaon around the 13th century.[4]
Doti was one of eight differentprincely states Katyuri Kingdom was divided into Eight for their eight Prince and became different independent Kingdom.
Later on, the whole land betweenRamganga on the west (Kumaon) and theKarnali on the east came under the Raikas after the origin of Raikas ofKatyuris in Doti.[5]
"Brahma Dev Mandi" atKanchanpur District ofMahakali Zone was established by Katyuri king Brahma Dev.[6]
Niranjan Malla Dev was the founder of DotiKingdom around the 13th century after the fall of theKatyuri Kingdom. He was the son of Last Katyuris of unitedKatyuris kingdom.[7]
Kings of Doti were called Raikas (also Rainka Maharaj).[8] Later on Raikas, after defeating theKhas Malla of Karnali Zone, were able to establish a strong Raika Kingdom in Far Western Region of Nepal (Doti) . So far, the historical evidences[9] of following Raikas have been discovered:
During the period ofAkbar's rule in the 16th century, theMoguls had attacked the Raikas of Doti. They invaded Ajemeru, capital of the Raika Kingdom. Ajemeru is now inDadeldhura District of far western region ofNepal. Hussain Khan, army chief of Akbar residing inLucknow had led the attack. According to`Abd al-Qadir Bada'uni (c. 1540 - 1615), Indo-Persian historian duringMughal Empire,Mughal Army chief ofLucknow, Hussain Khan, lured by the wealth and treasures of the kingdom of the Raikas, wanted to plunder the state, this being the motive behind the assault; he managed to capture some cities and after his successful campaign he returned toLucknow.
The historic place of war between the Doti Kingdom and Nepal (Gorkha Kingdom) during the period of Gorkha Expansion in 1790, according to thehistory of Nepal, isNari-Dang which lies on the bank of theSeti River and Dumrakot was the base of the Doti Kingdom during the fighting against the Gorkhalis.In the war with the Gorkhalis, the Doti kingdom was defeated and Doteli King fled toPilibhit.[15]
Raja Deep Shah of Surajbanshi clan was expelled from Nepal in 1790 A.D and on arriving to Terai of Oudh (now Lakhimpur Kheri District of Uttar Pradesh of India) he established Khairgarh-Singhai State in Khairigarh under British India.[16]Kanchanpur Praganna (now the District of Kaillali and Kanchanpur of Nepal) was also the parts of his State orZamindari. He succeeded in defeating the Banjaras rulers of Khairigarh and establishing himself not only in that Pargana but also in parts of Bhur
The Far-Western Development Region hasKarnali province to the east,Uttar Pradesh (India) to the south,Uttarakhand (India) to the west and theTibet Autonomous Region (People's Republic of China) to the north.
The highestmountain in the region is theApi Peak, with 7,132 m (23,399 ft) high; it is in theDarchuladistrict. Other high mountain isSaipal, 7,031 m (23,068 ft) high, in theBajhang district.
The most important rivers in the Far-Western Development Region are theSeti and theMahakali rivers; both rivers aretributaries of theKarnali river.
It is the smallest Development Region of Nepal with an area of 19,539 km2 (7,544 sq mi) and also with the lowest population with 2,552,517 people living there;[1] its population density is the second lowest of all the regions, with 130.6 persons/km2. Main ethnic group areKhas/Chhetri making total population of 76%.
The major local languages areDotiyali andNepali each spoken respectively by 273,000 and 788,000 people according to the 2011 census.
Inhabitants of two terai districtsKailali District andKanchanpur District speak different languages. Rana-tharu and Dangaura-tharu speaks their own language. Language spoken by Rana-tharus and Dangaura-tharu speak variousTharu Languages.
Traditional dance and songsChholiya, Bhada, Jhora Chhapeli, Rung Culture of Rung people (Sauka), Baira song,Deuda, Chait andJagar are part of the culture. Jagar and Chait tales of bravery is most important culture in Doti since Katyuri period. Chait tales about bravery of Senapati Piri Bohara (Doti) is singing in Gaura Parva .Jhusia Damai of Baskot ofBaitadi District was famous Jagar singer. The major festivals of Doti are mainly Gora (Gamra), Holi, Bishpati,Harela,Raksha Bandhan,Dasain,Makar Sankranti, and others.