Denis O'Donnell (28 May 1875 – 16 June 1933) was an entrepreneur inCounty Kerry,Ireland, in the early 1900s. He was the organiser, co-founder and first manager of the Lee Strand Cooperative Creamery.
He was born in Tubrid,Ardfert, County Kerry, to Patrick O'Donnell of Tubridmore, and Bridget (née Griffin) of Lerrig. He was a grandson of John O'Donnell of Ardfert, who lived at Tubridmore, and descended from O'Donnells ofTyrconnell, following on the implantation of O'Donnells in Ardfert by PrinceHugh Roe O'Donnell en route to theBattle of Kinsale in 1601, as recorded in theAnnals of the Kingdom of Ireland. He wrote poetry as a hobby. He initially farmed a family farm at Tubrid until he left toBallyhaise, an agricultural college.[1]
He married Hannah Leane, from Ballintobeenig, and they had one child,Patrick Denis O'Donnell. He died following an accident when his son Patrick was only 11 years old, and his widow, Hannah, subsequently emigrated to theUnited States of America at the outbreak ofWorld War II, when their son, Patrick, joined theIrish Defence Forces.
Denis O'Donnell was schooled in Tubrid, in Spa, and later in Chapeltown national schools, and then farmed some years before proceeding to study and become one of the first graduates ofBallyhaise College,County Cavan, Ireland, with a Diploma in Dairy Science, having studied there from 1908 to 1910. This was the only such qualification available in the country at the time.[citation needed]
In his early career, he was a manager in some small creameries, one inCounty Tipperary, and others in Black Abbey,Adare,County Limerick; in Dicksgrove, Farranfore, and BallymcElligott, and Ballydwyer inCounty Kerry. He was influenced by the cooperative movement being driven by SirHorace Plunkett, as described in the account of country life of the times by Elizabeth, Countess ofFingall, Seventy Years Young. Plunkett was the father of the Irish agricultural co-operative movement, and founded theIrish Agricultural Organisation Society (now theIrish Co-operative Organisation Society), which included several hundred creameries. Accordingly, Denis O'Donnell organised farmers in the earlycooperative movement in County Kerry, and founded the Lee Strand Co-operative Creamery on 30 April 1920 in Church Street,Tralee, still a going concern marking its centenary in 2020 although it relocated to Ballymullen in 1992 to the site of the former barracks of theRoyal Munster Fusiliers.[2] He owned a pub at #2 Edward Street, Tralee, run by his sister Bride, until her emigration to Kimberly, South Africa. The pub was sold in 1938. He also owned shops in Rock Street and Castle Street in Tralee. He was the first to introduce thepasteurisation of milk, much against the prejudice of dairy farmers at the time, and also was the first to marketice cream in Tralee.[citation needed]
Within a few years of its establishment, the Lee Strand Creamery already won both first and second prize for creamery butter at theListowel Show in 1924, followed by a signal success at the Cork Show, winning first, second, and third prizes in various classes, out of competition with 22 others, for which the Kerryman newspaper congratulated Denis O’Donnell, as manager, and his team.[3]
On Friday 9 October 1925, a fire occurred at the Lee Strand Creamery, which "caused serious damage to the machinery and plant". While the creamery's engine shed was heavily damaged, the main building was saved. O'Donnell thanked the firemen and voluntary helpers for their services. The engine room's suction gas plant, refrigerator, boiler and steam engine were all heavily damaged and rendered useless. As a result, the creamery could not function for a period, and no milk could be received from suppliers. The fire was believed to have been accidental and caused by a spark that set fire to the roof of the engine shed.[4]
O'Donnell engaged in extensive correspondence in the 1920s about the management of creameries, including the ability of some to keep butter supplies in cold storage pending better market prices. However, some without such cold storage ran the risk of over-holding supplies until they went rancid and unfit for sale. Others considered such practices to be tantamount tomarket manipulation, and at odds with the interests of producers and consumers. He pleaded for improved quality, and the new Dairy Produce Act[5][failed verification] aimed to standardize and improve the quality of Irish butter.[6] Already in those times, the competition between Danish butter and Irish butter in various British markets was marked in price and quality, and O'Donnell tried to assure farmers that "Englishmen and Scotchmen prize our butter highly and pay good prices for it".[7]
Denis O’Donnell was a supporter of theGaelic Athletic Association (GAA). In Croke Park on 22 September 1929, the Kerry senior GAA football team beat Kildare and became All-Ireland Champions. Denis O’Donnell supported plans for a victory banquet and was quoted "I hope the banquet will be worthy and fitting for those splendid men who triumphed on the football field. It is not on those fields alone our Kerry people win".[8]
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O'Donnell was a frequent correspondent of the Kerryman and would later write letters to other national papers on a variety of topics. When the prospect came in 1925 of a visit to Tralee by the controversialCork-bornArchbishopDaniel Mannix ofMelbourne, who had opposed theEaster Rising of 1916, but also opposedconscription, Denis O’Donnell wrote initially on 10 October to query his intentions, as Mannix's preceding visits to other parts of Ireland were "preaching politics everywhere, naming some Irishmen Imperialists, and blowing his own trumpet as to his steadfastness in our cause". By pointing out the inconsistencies if not contradictions in Dr. Mannix's public postures, O’Donnell was taking on a "sacred cow" – he was ahead of his time in not submitting blindly to the dominance of clergy acting as political agents provocateurs, and in emphasizing the onus on that particular cleric to speak instead towards national unity rather than foster radicalism in the name ofIrish republicanism. It wasn't the first time that one of his lineage took a more inclusiverealpolitik rather than an ideological approach to national independence and the struggle for effective sovereignty. But this flew against the grain of the popular media and public sentiment of the time, and so he had to offer his "second thoughts" letter of 12 October.[9]
In that nuanced regard, Denis O’Donnell welcomed Mannix's planned encounters in Ireland as "a real peace demonstration" if people "of all shades of opinion" took part in it. He added that if Mannix were "to foster or sanction disunion, such would be most objectionable", but "his influence for good and for uniting all Irishmen will be, if anything, more powerful, and Dr. Mannix will have endeavoured to do what I hoped was his object when I first learned he would visit our country".[10] This should have placated another anonymous begrudging correspondent self-described as "a lane dweller", who writing two days beforehand libelled O’Donnell as "the Dictator of Basin View" where he lived, for simply querying the expectations of theKerry County Council in inviting Dr. Mannix. It is clear that Denis O’Donnell had a more nuanced understanding of the background of Dr. Mannix, who in earlier times had demonstrated loyalty to KingsEdward VII in 1905 andGeorge V in 1911, and not been that supportive ofHome rule, but who years later became more ardently nationalist especially after he had been intercepted and arrested by British troops who boarded his vessel in 1920 while sailing fromNew York destined for Ireland, but then transferred to England to prevent his influence in Ireland. Mannix later became a life-long friend ofÉamon de Valera.[citation needed]
During a court case where a creamery claimed damages from a defendant, O'Donnell elicited laughter when he described the process of negotiation for a settlement of the dispute, by saying that during the negotiations between the defendant and the creamery managers "there was so much peace during all the deliberations that the words 'good graces' must have slipped in!"[11]
He was himself taken to court on one occasion for alleged arrears in payment of income tax of £4-16s, however, the case was dismissed as the arrears pertained to the previous occupant of his house in Basin View, Tralee, and not to himself.[12]