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| Dendrelaphis punctulatus | |
|---|---|
_Daintree_4.jpg) | |
| Daintree River, Queensland, Australia | |
Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Colubridae |
| Subfamily: | Ahaetuliinae |
| Genus: | Dendrelaphis |
| Species: | D. punctulatus |
| Binomial name | |
| Dendrelaphis punctulatus (Gray, 1827) | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Dendrelaphis punctulatus, also knowncommonly as theAustralian tree snake, thecommon tree snake, and thegreen tree snake, is aspecies of slender, large-eyed, diurnal,non-venomous snake in thefamilyColubridae. The species is native to many parts ofAustralia, especially in the northern and eastern coastal areas, and toPapua New Guinea.[3][4]
It is readily recognised as it is an agile snake with a very slender body and tail. Thedorsal body colour varies from golden yellow, to bright green, to olive-green, to black, sometimes even blue. It is frequently pale yellow on the throat and belly, but other pale colours have been noted. Blue flecks are present on the flanks. The eyes are large, with typically golden-coloured irises and large round pupils.
It is found in a variety ofhabitats ranging from rainforest to woodland to urban areas where it preys on fish, frogs, and other small animals.
It is a non-venomous species[5] and does not constrict its prey, but rather relies on its sharp, angled teeth to 'chew' its prey down the oesophagus.
D. punctulatus may attain a total length of 1.64 m (5.4 ft), which includes a tail 44 cm (17 in) long. It has 24–26 maxillary teeth. Thedorsal scales are arranged in 13 rows at midbody. Theventrals number 191–220. Theanal plate is divided. Thesubcaudals, which are also divided, number 120–144.[6]
D. punctulatus is common in Australia's northern tropics and eastern Australia. It is also found from theKimberley region (Western Australia) toCape York andTorres Strait (Queensland), extending down the east coast intoNew South Wales, and north into Papua New Guinea.[7][4]
The common tree snake lives in a wide variety ofhabitats, including: bushland; well vegetated banks of rivers, creeks and streams;rainforest edges;eucalypt forests;heathland and areas with trees, long grass, and lush vegetation – especially near water.[8][9] It can be found at altitudes from sea level to 500 m (1,600 ft).[1]
The peak activity period forD. punctulatus, as determined from callouts by members of the public, in the Darwin region is during the northern dry season (May-July).[10][11]
WhenD. punctulatus is near water it often looks for long grass, blending in to hide while watching for its prey to come to nearby rocks or banks to bask or play. It will also enter house gardens that have fountains or ponds surrounded by long grass or shrubs. It is active during the day, and rests at night in hollow trees, logs, foliage, or rock crevices. It is often found resting in trees; hence the name "tree snake".[citation needed]
Frogs,water skinks, and smallreptiles and their eggs form a large part of the common tree snake's diet, but it will also eat smallfish,mammals,geckos, andturtle hatchlings.[12][4]
Anoviparous species, the common tree snake lays 5–12 elongated eggs perclutch.[4]
AlthoughD. punctulatus is essentially harmless to humans, it will defend itself by producing an odour from itscloaca, and may bite. Sometimes when approached, the snake inflates its body and neck to make itself seem larger, a tactic sometimes used to scare predators.[13] Generally, however, the green tree snake in the wild will make a quick escape when it feels threatened.[citation needed]
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