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 Mark di Suvero,Ave, Dallas Museum of Art sculpture garden | |
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| Established | 1903 |
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| Location | 1717 N. Harwood Street, Dallas, TXWoodall Rodgers Freeway,Dallas, Texas, United States |
| Coordinates | 32°47′17″N96°48′6″W / 32.78806°N 96.80167°W /32.78806; -96.80167 |
| Public transit access |  DART:St. Paul Station, M-Line: St Paul & Woodall Rodgers, Olive & Flora |
| Website | www |
TheDallas Museum of Art (DMA) is an art museum located in theArts District ofdowntownDallas, Texas, alongWoodall Rodgers Freeway between St. Paul and Harwood. In the 1970s, the museum moved from its previous location inFair Park to theArts District.[1] The new building was designed byEdward Larrabee Barnes and John MY Lee Associates, the 2007 winner of theAmerican Institute of Architects Gold Medal.[2] The construction of the building spanned in stages over a decade.
The museum collection is made up of more than 24,000 objects, dating from the third millennium BC to the present day. It is known for its dynamic exhibition policy[3] and educational programs.[4] The Mildred R. and Frederick M. Mayer Library (the museum's non-circulating research library) contains over 50,000 volumes available to curators and the general public. With 159,000 square feet (14,800 m2) of exhibition spaces,[5] it is one of thelargest art museums in the United States.
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The museum's history began with the establishment in 1903 of the Dallas Art Association, which initially exhibited paintings in theDallas Public Library.Frank Reaugh, a Texas artist, saw in the new library the opportunity to display works of art.[6] This idea was championed byMay Dickson Exall, who was the first president of the Dallas Public Library. Her intention was the following: “to offer art interest and education through exhibitions and lectures, to form a permanent collection, to sponsor the work of local artists, to solicit support of the arts from individuals and businesses, and to honor citizens who support the arts.”
The museum's collections started growing from this moment on. It soon became necessary to find a new permanent home. The museum, renamed the Dallas Museum of Fine Arts in 1932, relocated to a new art deco facility withinFair Park in 1936, on the occasion of theTexas Centennial Exposition.[7] This new facility was designed by a consortium of Dallas architects in consultation withPaul Cret of Philadelphia. It is still possible to visit this building.
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In 1943,Jerry Bywaters, artist and Professor atSouthern Methodist University, became the director of the museum, a position he held for the next twenty-one years.[8] Bywaters gave a sense of identity and community to the museum,[9] acquired impressionist, abstract, and contemporary masterpieces were acquired, emphasized theTexas identity of the museum was emphasized. This identity is today represented by works byAlexandre Hogue, Olin Herman Travis, Bywaters himself, and others.
The 1950s proved a tumultuous time for the DMA and Bywaters, as a local movement arose to purge the museum of pieces by "communist" artists, such as Pablo Picasso, whose work was banned.[10]
In 1963, the Dallas Museum of Fine Arts merged with the Dallas Museum of Contemporary Art,[11] whose director for the previous four years had been Douglas MacAgy. In 1964 Merrill C. Rueppel became the director of the newly merged Museum. The permanent collections of the two museums were then housed within the DMFA facility, suddenly holding significant works byPaul Gauguin,Odilon Redon,Henri Matisse,Piet Mondrian,Gerald Murphy, andFrancis Bacon. In 1965, the museum held an exhibition calledThe Art of Piet Mondrian and one entitledSculpture: Twentieth Century.[3]
By the late 1970s, the greatly enlarged permanent collection and the ambitious exhibition program fostered a need for a new museum facility. Under Harry Parker's direction, the museum was able to move once again, to its current venue, at the northern edge of the city's business district (the now designated Dallas Arts District). The $54 million facility, designed by New York architectEdward Larrabee Barnes, was financed by a 1979 City bond election, together with private donations. The project was galvanized by the slogan “A Great City Deserves a Great Museum,” and the new building opened in January 1984.[12]
The DMA is part of the Monuments Men and Women Museum Network, launched in 2021 by theMonuments Men Foundation for the Preservation of Art.[13]
On June 1, 2022, a man named Brian Hernandez broke into the museum by using a metal chair to smash through the museum's front entrance. He damaged four pieces of art, including three ancient Greek vases that were over 2,000 years old. The other item damaged was a ceramic bottle in the shape of a gar fish created by Native American artist.[14][15]
In 2023, the museum announced that it had chosen the Spanish architecture firmNieto Sobejano to lead a "reimagining" of its existing facility, with a budget estimated at between $150 million to $175 million. The goals of the renovation are to expand gallery space, improve visitor circulation flow and accessibility, increase the museum's physical visibility and transparency, and redesign the museum's grounds.[16][17]
The museum's collections[18] include more than 24,000 works of art from around the world ranging from ancient to modern times. They are conceived as a celebration of the human power of creation.[19]
Objects in the museum'sAfrican collection come fromWest Africa andCentral Africa. The objects date primarily from the 16th to the 20th centuries, although the earliest object is a Nok terracotta bust from Nigeria that dates from somewhere between 200 BC to 200 AD. Some works in the collection were created assymbols of leadership and status, while others express concepts related to the cycle of life. Highlights of the collection include aBenin plaque of copper alloy over wood depicting a warrior chief, a carved wood Senufo rhythm pounder from southeasternMali, and aCongo standing power figure studded with ritually embedded iron nails or blades.
TheAmerican art collection includes paintings, sculptures, and works on paper from the United States from thecolonial period toWorld War II, and art from Mexico, and Canada. Among the highlights of the collection areDuck Island (1906) byChilde Hassam,Lighthouse Hill (1927) byEdward Hopper,That Gentleman (1960) byAndrew Wyeth,Bare Tree Trunks with Snow (1946) byGeorgia O'Keeffe andRazor andWatch byGerald Murphy (1924, 1925). One of the most important pieces in the collection isThe Icebergs (1861) byFrederic Edwin Church. This painting had long been referred to as a lost masterpiece. The painting was given to the museum in 1979 by Norma andLamar Hunt. The Dallas Museum of Art also has one of the most thorough collections of Texas art. This is in great part thanks to Jerry Bywaters, director of the DMA from to 1943 to 1964, who was also one of the Dallas Nine, an influential group of Texas artists. In addition to paintings by Bywaters, the DMA has works byRobert Jenkins Onderdonk,Julian Onderdonk,Alexandre Hogue,Clara McDonald Williamson,David Bates, Dorothy Austin, Michael Owen, and Olin Herman Travis.
The Dallas Museum of Art collection ofAncient Mediterranean art includes Cycladic, Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Etruscan, and Apulian objects. Highlights ofEgyptian art include a painted limestoneRelief of a Procession of Offering Bearers from the Tomb of Ny-Ank-Nesut from 2575 to 2134 BC. The more extensive Greek collection includes a marbleFigure of a man from a funerary relief from 300 BC, bronze sculptures, decorative objects, and gold jewelry. The art ofancient Rome is represented by aFigure of a woman from the 2nd century AD and a marble sarcophagus carved in high relief with a battle scene, c. 190 AD.
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The museum's collections ofSouthAsian art range from GandharanBuddhist art of the 2nd to 4th centuries AD to the arts of theMughal Empire in India from the 15th to the 19th century. Highlights include a 12th-century bronze Shiva Nataraja and a 10th-century sandstone representation of the godVishnu as the boar-headed Varaha. The arts ofTibet,Nepal, andThailand are also represented.
Many important artistic trends since 1945 are represented in the museum's vast collection ofcontemporary art,[20] fromabstract expressionism to pop andop Art, and fromminimalism, andconceptualism toinstallation art,assemblage, andvideo art. Contemporary artists within the collection whose reputations are well established includeJackson Pollock,Mark Rothko,Franz Kline,Jasper Johns,Robert Rauschenberg,Bruce Nauman, andRobert Smithson. Among photographers represented in the collection areCindy Sherman,Nic Nicosia,Thomas Struth, andLynn Davis. When the current Museum facility opened in the mid-1980s, several artists were commissioned to create site-specific works especially for the Dallas Museum of Art:Ellsworth Kelly,Sol LeWitt,Richard Fleischner, andClaes Oldenburg withCoosje van Bruggen. In recent years, the museum has shown a strong interest in collecting the work of contemporary German artists such asGerhard Richter,Sigmar Polke, andAnselm Kiefer.
The expansive collections ofDecorative Arts and Design feature over 8,000 works mostly from Europe and America in various media including furniture, ceramics, glass, textiles, and metalware. Among the earliest works in the collection are 16th-century Spanish textiles, 17th centuryChinese export porcelain, and European metalware, including the Hoblitzelle Collection of English and Irishsilver. Two exceptional early silver objects are a cup and cover (1742) by silversmithPaul de Lamerie and a massive wine cistern (1761–62) byAbraham Portal forFrancis Hastings, the 10th Earl of Huntingdon. American 18th-century furniture forms the core of the Faith P. and Charles L. Bybee Collection, featuring seating and case pieces from Boston, Connecticut, New York, Philadelphia and other regions. The internationally renowned 19th- and 20th-century American silver collection is among the very finest of its type, with major examples by the leading firms of the last two centuries includingTiffany & Co.,Gorham Manufacturing Company,Reed & Barton, and International Silver Co. In addition to a unique solid silver dressing table (1899) made by Gorham for theParis Exposition Universelle of 1900 other highlights include aGothic revival bed (c. 1844) made forHenry Clay, aHerter Brotherssideboard (c. 1881–82) forWilliam Henry Vanderbilt, a pair ofLouis Comfort Tiffany stained glass windows (c. 1885-95) depicting an undersea scene and a collection ofArts and Crafts movement and early modern designs byGustav Stickley,Charles Rohlfs,Christopher Dresser,Louis Majorelle,Frank Lloyd Wright and others. The contemporary design holdings include exceptional works byEttore Sottsass,Zaha Hadid,Richard Meier, theCampana brothers, and a newly formed collection of jewelry.
Since 2014 isCarl Otto Czeschka's solid silver "Wittgenstein-Vitrine" a new exquisite part of the DMA-collections (1908,Wiener Werkstätte).[21][22][23][24][25][26][27]
The Dallas Museum of Art's collection ofEuropean art starts in the 16th century. Some of the earlier works include paintings byGiulio Cesare Procaccini (Ecce Homo, 1615–18),Pietro Paolini (Bacchic Concert, 1630), andNicolas Mignard (The Shepherd Faustulus Bringing Romulus and Remus to His Wife, 1654). Art of the 18th century is represented by artists likeCanaletto (A View from the Fondamenta Nuova, 1772),Jean-Baptiste Marie Pierre (The Abduction of Europa, 1750), andClaude-Joseph Vernet (Mountain Landscape with Approaching Storm, 1775),Guillaume Lethière,''Erminia and the Sheperds'', 1795.
The loan of the Michael L. Rosenberg collection brings an added depth to the museum's 18th-century French collection.[28] The 19th and beginning of the 20th century collection of French art also stands out. Among significant works in this collection areSilence by sculptorAuguste Preault,Fox in the Snow byGustave Courbet (1860),The Seine at Lavacourt byClaude Monet (1880),I Raro te Oviri byPaul Gauguin (1891),Interior (1902),Les Marroniers ou le Vitrail (1894) byÉdouard Vuillard, andThe Harbor (Le Port), 1912, byJean Metzinger.[29]
A growing collection of 19th and 20th century European paintings from Denmark,Fredericksborg by MoonlightJohan Christian Dahl, Belgium,Abundance byLéon Frédéric, GermanyItalian Landscape byHans Thoma, and SwissThe Halberdier byFerdinand Hodler, offers a more comprehensive view of the art scene for this period. The sculpture collection from the first part of the 20th century includes important works such asConstructed Head n°2 byNaum Gabo,Three men Walking byAlberto Giacometti, 1936,White Relief byBen Nicholson, andBeginning of the World byConstantin Brâncuși (1920). The collection of works byPiet Mondrian is noteworthy, with works likeThe Windmill (1908),Self-Portrait (1942), andPlace de la Concorde (1938–43).[30]
The museum has significant holdings ofancient American art. The collection covers more than three millennia, displaying sculptures, prints, terracotta, and gold objects. Among the other highlights are gold objects fromPanama,Colombia andPeru and the Head of the godTlaloc (Mexico, 14th-16th century).
The Wendy and Emery Reves Collection.[31][32] In 1985 the Dallas Museum of Art received a gift fromWendy Reves in honor of her late husband, the publisherEmery Reves. The Reves collection is housed in an elaborate 15,000-square-foot (1,400 m2) reproduction of the couple' home in France, the VillaLa Pausa, where the works were originally displayedin situ. La Pausa was built by the fashion designerCoco Chanel in 1927, and some of the original furniture is kept in its context. Among the 1,400 paintings, sculptures, and works on paper Emery Reves had collected are works from leading impressionist, post-impressionist, and early modernist artists, includingPaul Cézanne,Honoré Daumier,Edgar Degas,Paul Gauguin,Édouard Manet,Claude Monet,Camille Pissarro,Auguste Renoir,Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, andVincent van Gogh. An extremely fine collection ofAuguste Rodin sculptures include very fine bronze casts, rare marble like the first version of theSirens, a unique pieceThe poet and contemplative life from the Fenaille family, and even an unusual original wax piece. An extensive accompanying collection of decorative arts works includes Chinese export porcelain; European furniture; Oriental and European carpets; iron, bronze, and silver work; European glass; and rare books. Memorabilia of the Reves' friendship with English statesmanWinston Churchill, a frequent guest at La Pausa, is housed in the wing as well.
Contemporary Art + Design features many works from a variety of media including, drawing painting, installations, jewelry, and design objects. The Exhibition is available from August 30, 2020, to March 7, 2021, and is a free exhibition. The work is from over 11 countries and the forms display the unique shapes of the functional and experiential sculptures.[33]
Cindy Sherman's Exhibition took place from March 7, 2013, to June 9, 2013. the retrospective survey traced Sherman's career from the mid 70s to the present, at the time of the exhibition. She is one of the most widely recognized as an important contemporary artist. The exhibition showed work from undergrad to photographic murals.[34]
Dior: From Paris to the World began May 19, 2019, and ended on October 27, 2019.Christian Dior was showcased in the exhibition along with his successors includingYves Saint Laurent,Marc Bohan,Gianfranco Ferré,John Galliano,Raf Simons, andMaria Grazia Chiuri. The exhibition consisted of 200 haute couture dresses, accessories, photographs, sketches, and runway videos.[35]
In 2008, the museum premiered the Center for Creative Connections (also known as C3), a 12,000-square-foot (1,100 m2) facility for interactive learning experiences. The center presents exhibitions featuring the museum's collections and artists’ and community partners’ responses to them. Spaces include the Art Studio, Tech Lab, Theater, and Arturo's Nest.[36]
The museum also hosts numerous community outreach programs throughout the year, including:
In 2013, the Dallas Museum of Art instituted free admission and a free membership program.[37]
In September 2015, Maxwell Anderson stepped down as director, and was succeeded by Walter Elcock, president of the DMA's board.[38]
In 2021, the museum returned a 10th century statue to Nepal where it was reinstalled in the temple from which it had been looted.[39][40]
The museum lists 196 artworks on the Nazi Era Provenance Internet Portal.[41]
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