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Cosmic Call was the name of two sets ofinterstellar radio messages that were sent fromRT-70 inYevpatoria,Ukraine in 1999 (Cosmic Call 1) and 2003 (Cosmic Call 2) to variousnearby stars. The messages were designed withnoise-resistant format and characters.[1][2]
The project was funded by Team Encounter,[3] aTexas-based startup, which went out of business in 2004.[4]
Both transmissions were at ~150 kW, 5.01 GHz (FSK +/-24 kHz).[5]
EachCosmic Call 1 session had the following structure. The Scientific Part (DDM, BM, AM, and ESM) was sent three times (at 100 bit/s),[6] and the Public Part (PP) was sent once (at 2000 bit/s),[6] according to the following arrangement:
where DDM is theDutil-Dumas Message,[7][8] created by Canadian scientistsYvan Dutil andStéphane Dumas, BM is the Braastad Message, AM is theArecibo Message, and ESM is the Encounter 2001 Staff Message.[6]
EachCosmic Call 2 session in 2003 had the following structure:
where DDM2 is modernized DDM (akaInterstellar Rosetta Stone, ISR), BIG isBilingual Image Glossary.[5] All but the PP were transmitted at 400 bit/s[5]
The ISR was 263,906 bits; BM, 88,687 bits, AM, 1,679 bits; BIG was 12 binary images 121,301 bits; ESM 24,899 bits. Total = 500,472 bits for 53 minutes. PP was 220 megabytes and sent at a rate of 100,000 bit/s for 11 hours total.[5]
The DDM incorrectly states the neutron mass as 1.67392... instead of the known value 1.67492... This error was corrected in DDM2.
The messages were sent to the following stars:[9]
| Name | DesignationHD | Constellation | Date sent | Arrival date | Message |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 Cyg A | HD 186408 | Cygnus | May 24, 1999 | November 2069 | Cosmic Call 1 |
| 15 Sge | HD 190406 | Sagitta | June 30, 1999 | February 2057 | Cosmic Call 1 |
| HD 178428 | Sagitta | June 30, 1999 | October 2067 | Cosmic Call 1 | |
| Gl 777 | HD 190360 | Cygnus | July 1, 1999 | April 2051 | Cosmic Call 1 |
| GJ 49 | HIP 4872 | Cassiopeia | July 6, 2003 | April 2036 | Cosmic Call 2 |
| GJ 208 | HD 245409 | Orion | July 6, 2003 | August 2040 | Cosmic Call 2 |
| 55 Cnc | HD 75732 | Cancer | July 6, 2003 | May 2044 | Cosmic Call 2 |
| HD 10307 | Andromeda | July 6, 2003 | September 2044 | Cosmic Call 2 | |
| 47 UMa | HD 95128 | Ursa Major | July 6, 2003 | May 2049 | Cosmic Call 2 |
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